绿萝丝藤
分词分为：过去分词和现在分词.即动词加-ed或-ing 过去分词,可用作表示过去发生的动作,如：I wrote a letter.我写过一封信 现在分词,可用作表示现在正在发生的动作,如：I am writing a letter.我正在写一封信 另外,两种分词可以用作状语或引导状语从句,如： Giving the money back to him,I feel happy,我把钱还给他,我感觉高兴 Given the money back to me,I feel happy.把钱给我（我被给）,我感到高兴 现在分词的基本功能. 1. 现在分词作定语,表示正在进行的或主动的动作.也可以说明被修饰词的性质和特征,此时可换成相应的定语从句.例如： ① There was a terrible noise following the sudden burst of light. ② He saw a flying bird and raised his bow. ③ I was satisfied with the exciting speech. 2. 现在分词作状语时,可作时间、条件、结果、原因和伴随状语,表示正在进行的或主动的动作.此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语,因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性.例如： ① The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, adding that he had enjoyed his stay here. ② European football is played in more than 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world. ③Seeing from the top of the hill, we can find that the city looks more beautiful. 3. 现在分词作补足语,表示正在进行的或主动的动作.例如： ① Soon they could see the steam rising from the wet clothes. ② The missing boys were last seen playing near the river. 4. 现在分词的独立主格结构作状语.例如： ① With his lips still trembling, he couldn't say a word. ②“ Mama! ” he cried suddenly, tears rolling down his cheeks. “妈妈!”他突然哭着喊,泪水从他的脸上流下来.（这里需要用现在分词的独立主格结构 tears rolling down his cheeks 作状语.） ③ Weather permitting, we'll go to the Great wall. 如果天气允许的话,我们就去长城.（这里需要用现在分词的独立主格结构 Weather permitting 作状语.
星闪乐途
现在分词与过去分词的区别1）在语法上：现――表示的是主动（表示所修饰人或物的行为）；过――表示的是被动（表示它修饰的人或物是动作承受者）an exciting story （令人激动的故事）与 excited people（激动的人们）surprising news 与 a surprised man2) 在时间上：现――表示正在进行的动作过――表示已经完成的动作如：falling snow (正在下的雪) 与 fallen snow (落在地上的雪)3) 过去分词可以做定语,表示被动；现在分词的被动式也可以作定语,表示被动 不同的是：现――表示正在进行；过――表示已经完成例句：The bridge being built will be important in this area’s traffic.The bridge built last year has played an important part in this area’ traffic.4) 过去分词可以作宾语补足语,表示被动,有时表示已经完成的动作,有时并不表示已经完成；现在分词的被动式也可以作宾语补足语,表示被动,表示正在进行的动作.例句：He found his wallet stolen.I’ll have my bike repaired this afternoon.We found the flat being decorated.
fairyzhangyanting
英语句子成分课件ppt
英语句子成分一：主语
一、主语(subject): 句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east. (名词)
He likes dancing. (代词)
Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)
Seeing is believing. (动名词)
To see is to believe. (不定式)
What he needs is a book. (主语从句)
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
(It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语)
英语句子成分二：谓语
二、谓语(predicate):说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English.
He is asleep.
英语句子成分三：表语
表语(predicative):系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher. (名词)
Seventy-four! You don’t look it. (代词)
Five and five is ten. (数词)
He is asleep. (形容词)
His father is in. (副词)
The picture is on the wall. (介词短语)
My watch is gone / missing / lost. (形容词化的分词)
To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. ” (不定式)
The question is whether they will come. (表语从句)
常见的.系动词有: be, sound(听起来)， look(看起来)， feel(摸起来)，smell(闻起来)，
taste(尝、吃起来)， remain(保持，仍是)， feel(感觉) ….
It sounds a good idea.
The sound sounds strange.
Her voice sounds sweet.
Tom looks thin.
The food smells delicious.
The food tastes good.
The door remains open.
Now I feel tired.
英语句子成分四：宾语
1)动作的承受者——动宾
I like China. (名词)
He hates you. (代词)
How many do you need? We need two. (数词)
We should help the old and the poor.
I enjoy working with you. (动名词)
I hope to see you again. (不定式)
Did you write down what he said? (宾语从句)
2)介词后的名词、代词和动名词——介宾
Are you afraid of the snake?
Under the snow, there are many rocks.
3) 双宾语——间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)
He gave me a book yesterday.
Give the poor man some money.
