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World War II, or the Second World War, was a global military conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945 which involved most of the world's nations, including all of the great powers, organised into two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most widespread war in history, with more than 100 million military personnel mobilised. In a state of "total war", the major participants placed their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities at the service of the war effort, erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources. Marked by significant action against civilians, including the Holocaust and the only use of nuclear weapons in warfare, it was the deadliest conflict in human history, and it has been estimated that it resulted in fifty million to over seventy million fatalities.The war is generally accepted to have begun on 1 September 1939, with the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany and subsequent declarations of war on Germany by France and most of the countries of the British Empire and Commonwealth. China and Japan were already at war by this date,whereas other countries that were not initially involved joined the war later in response to events such as the German invasion of the Soviet Union and the Japanese attacks on the U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor and on British overseas colonies, which triggered declarations of war on Japan by the United States, the British Commonwealth,and the Netherlands.The war ended with the total victory of the Allies over Germany and Japan in 1945. World War II left the political alignment and social structure of the world significantly changed. While the United Nations was established to foster international cooperation and prevent future conflicts, the Soviet Union and the United States emerged as rival superpowers, setting the stage for the Cold War, which lasted for the next forty-six years. Meanwhile, the acceptance of the principle of self-determination accelerated decolonization movements in Asia and Africa, while Western Europe began moving toward economic recovery and increased political integration.
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War II was the amalgamation of two conflicts, one starting in Asia as the Second Sino-Japanese War and the other beginning in Europe with the Invasion of Poland.This global conflict split a majority of the world's nations into two opposing camps: the Allies and the Axis. Spanning much of the globe, World War II resulted in the deaths of over 60 million people, of which about half were Soviet, making it the deadliest conflict in human history.World War II was the most widespread war in history, and countries involved mobilized more than 100 million military personnel. Total war erased the distinction between civil and military resources and saw the complete mobilization of a nation's economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities for the purposes of the war effort; nearly two-thirds of those killed in the war were civilians. The Holocaust, which was largely conducted in Eastern Europe, was the systematic killing of nearly 11 million political, social and racial minorities (Gypsies, the disabled, etc.). Six million of these victims were Jews who were also persecuted by the Nazis.The conflict ended in an Allied victory. As a result, the United States and Soviet Union emerged as the world's two leading superpowers, setting the stage for the Cold War for the next 45 years. Self determination gave rise to decolonization/independence movements in Asia and Africa, while Europe itself began traveling the road leading to integration.
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声明，以下内容是转贴其他人的评述。原发布者：MaciamoThere is little doubt that Japan was worse than Germany or Italy during WWII. Westerners usually don't know much about it because what happened in Asia since the early 1930's is less taught at school than the events of WWII in Europe.The Japanese treated their prisonners much worse than the Nazi (27% of pow's in Japanese hands died, compared with 4 per cent of those in German captivity; see article). The total number of casualities caused by Japan were higher than those of the Nazi. The number of prisoners or slave labour that died in Japanese mines, factories, etc. is also comparable to the Nazi concentration camps. Having a look at the statistics, there were 10 million civilian, and 2.5 million military casualities in China alone. In comparison, Japan lost 1,300,000 soldiers and 672,000 civilians (about 1/3 of whom died in the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings). The Nazi exterminated from 5 to 6 million Jews during WWII. This is half of the number of Chinese people killed by the Japanese during WWII. The Wikipedia statistics do not show the number for other Asian countries, although they were much higher than in most invaded European countries. But only the Chinese casualities show the extreme violence and barbarism of that the Japanese were capable of.Add to this an estimated 100,000 to 400,000 comfort women, women from all East Asian countries as well as a few European ones, who were forced into sexual slavery by the Japanese. I also haven't heard of anything so disproportionate committed by the Nazi.I haven't heard of the Nazi committing such atrocities as the mass rape and murder of civilians like in Nanking in 1937 (death toll estimated between 100,000 and 300,000), in Manilla in 1945 (over 100,000 civilian deaths), or the various other Japanese War Atrocities.The infamous Japanese Unit 731, a biological warfare lab conducting experiments on human beings, was also responsible for up to 200,000 deaths. All this seems much worse than the total of deeds committed by the Nazi. Westerners have not cared much about it as they were not directly concerned. But I totally understand that China and other Asian countries are still angry and still want more than hypocritical apologies, but real war damages. I think the Chinese are baheving in a very meek way when they hear that Japan's Prime Ministers still honour the Japanese military leaders responsible for the death of 12.5 million Chinese. If the German chancellor visited a shrine dedicated to Hitler even once, he would be forced to resign immediately, probably tried and sent to jail, and could even be assassinated by some Jewish extremists. When I see them throwing eggs at the Japanese embassy, I think that the Chinese are very forgiveful, little determined or very ignorant of the extent of what happened in their own country during WWII. 后面是争论的内容That's a fair point. Personally I think that apologies are the least of the things to do, but that it's certainly not enough and does not repair anything. How much value do you give to a human life ? Maybe we should ask Japanese people how much money they would give to save their own life. Then multiply this by the number of casualties caused by the Japanese throughout Asia (still have to agree on the numbers), and pay the compensation accordingly. The problem is that Japan would never be able to pay, even giving away all the stocks of all its companies at their current value. In fact, if Japan really wanted to apologise sincerely, it would let all the country it invaded occupy and control Japan, both politically and economically (as Japan did to them) during the same duration as Japan occupied each of them. There would be no killing, rape, slave labor or comfort women, so that's a preety advantageous deal for Japan, I'd think. They only get to repay for the material and political upheaval they created, not the human cost and suffering. But I am sure that would still be too much to ask them, because after all they are not really sincere in their apologies. Hypocritical as always.
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