英语中短语的结构

就是这个短语是名词性质的名词性短语也叫名词词组.名词词组就是以名词为中心词的词组和短语.如:all the college students ,students 是中心词,the tall boy sitting in the corner,boy 是中心词.副词性短语就是副词词组,它是以 副词为中心词的词组和短语.如:He spoke loudly and clearly ,这里loudly and clearly是中心词;Be a man .Don't act so lowly .这里so lowly 是中心词.而I live in the house ,这里in the house做的是介词短语,以介词为中心词,live 做的是做I 的谓语,它是动词.I want the house .在这里 want做的是谓语,是动词,而the house做的 是want的宾语,那么这里可以叫它为动词词组,以动词为中心词.

1. 动词+副词 ： write down, pick up, take away, find out, lift up2. 动词+ 介词： arrive in/ at, get to, listen to, compare with3 介词短语： in front of, in the middle of, beween..and, in general4 形容词+介词： be famous for, be interested in, be good at,be responsible for, be worried about, be angry with, be good for5其他： pocket money, spots car, a bit, a little, a few, quite a lot

1. to do 结构题ask sb. to do sth. 请（叫）某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 请（叫）某人做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 协助做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想要做某事 wish sb. to do sth. 希望做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 约请某人做某事 drive sb. to do sth. 驱使某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 希冀某人做某事 forbid sb. to do sth. 制止某人做某事 force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 offer to do sth. 自动提出做某事 plan to do sth. 方案做某事 prepare to do sth. 预备做某事 pretend to do sth. 伪装做某事 promise to do sth. 容许做某事 refuse to do sth. 回绝做某事 fail to do sth. 未能做某事 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事 need doing = need to be done. 某事需要被做 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advise doing sth. 建议做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth. 允许某人做某事2. -ing 结构consider doing sth. 思索做某事 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事 finish doing sth. 完成做某事 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事 practice doing sth. 练习做某事 prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事 put off doing sth. 推延做某事 risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 forbid doing sth. 制止做某事 forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事3. 既 +to 又 +ingremember to do sth. 记住去做某事，表示这件事情还没有做 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事。(未做) forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事。(已做) regret to do sth. 遗憾地（要）做某事 （还未做呢） regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事(已经做过了） try to do sth. 努力做谋事,尽力做某事，但不一定成功 try doing sth. 试图做谋事 stop to do 表示停止现在在做的事情，开始做另外一件事情 stop doing 表示停止现在在做的事情 mean to do sth. 计划做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 can’t help to do sth. 不能协助做某 can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事 go on to do sth. 做了一件事后,接着做另一件事 go on doing sth. 继续做原来做的事4. do 动词原形let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 make sth. done 使某事完成 have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 have sth done 做完某事 see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事 see sb. doing 看人某人正在做 hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事 hear sb. doing 听见某人正在做 listen to sb. do sth. 听着某人做某事 listen sb. doing sth 听着某人正在做 look at sb. do sth. 看着某人做某事 watch sb. do sth. 察看某人做某事 feel sb. do sth. 觉得某人做某事5. 双宾语give sb. sth = give sth to sb. 给某人某物 tell sb. sth = tell sth to sb. 告诉某人某事 borrow sth from sb. 向某人借某物 lend sth to sb. 借某物给某人 buy sth for sb. =buy sb. sth 给某人买某物 show sb. sth=show sth to sb. 向某人展示某物6. be 动词结构be at home = stay at home 在家 be in trouble 有麻烦 be careful of 小心…… be late for 因……迟到 be free 空闲的，有空 be busy doing/with sth 忙于…… be covered with 被……复盖 be ready for 为……作好准备 be surprised (at) 对……感到惊讶 be interested in 对……感到举 be excited about 激动于 be angry with 愤怒于 be mad at 疯狂于 be friendly to 友好地去 be pleased with 很高兴做 be satisfied with 对……很满意 be famous for 因……而著名 be famous as 作为……而著名 be strict with 对……严格 be strict in 在……方面严格 be afraid of 害怕…… be afraid to do 害怕去做…… be glad to do 很高兴去做…… be good for 对……有好处 be bad for 对……有害处 be good at = do well in 擅长 be able to do 能去做……7. 固定搭配have a lesson /a meeting 上课/开会 have a try 试一试 have a good time 玩得很高兴 have fun 玩得高兴 have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭 have a meal (three meals) 吃一顿饭 have a fever 发烧 have a cold 感冒 have a look (at) 看一看…… have a rest 休息一会儿 have a talk 谈话 have a walk =take a walk 散步make friends (with) 与……交朋友 make a living 谋生 make a mistake 犯错误 make a sentence 造句 be made from/of 由……制成 be made in 在……地方制造look after =take care of 照管，照看， look for 寻找 look like 看上去像 look out 当心，小心 look around 朝四周看 look at 看着……put on 穿上(衣服)，戴上(帽子) put up 张帖 set up 竖起，建起 set off 出发，动身 set out 出发 send for 派人去请take one s advice 听从某人劝告 take out 拿出，取出 take down 拿下 take place 发生 take the place of 代替 take it easy 别紧张 take away 拿走 take off 脱下,起飞，休假 day off / have off 休假 take photos 拍照 take some medicine 服药turn on 开，旋开(电灯，收音机等) turn off 关上(电灯，收音机等) turn down (把音量)调低 turn up 调高 turn in 交出，上交 turn…into… 变成 turn…over 把……翻过来at once 立刻 at last 最后 at first 起先，首先 at the age of… 在……岁时 at the end of… 在……之末 by the end of… 到……底为止 at the beginning of… 在……之初 at night/noon 在夜里/中午 in the day 在白天in all 总共 in fact 事实上 in one s twenties 在某人二十几岁时 in a hurry 匆忙 in time 及时 in public 公众，公开地 in order to 为了…… in front of 在……前面 in the front of 在某物内的前面 in the end 最后，终于 in turn 依次of course 当然 from now on 从现在起 from then on 从那时起 for example 例如 far away from 远离a piece of 一张(一片，块) a cup of 一茶怀 a glass of 一玻璃杯 a box of 一盒 a bottle of 一瓶 a set of 一套 a group of 一队，一组，一群 a kind of 一种 all kinds of 所有种类 a type of 一种类型的 a different type of 一种不同型号的 a great deal of 非常多，大量的(不可数名词) a large (great) number of 非常多，大量的(可数名词) a great many 大量，许多(可数名词) all over the world/the country 全世界/全国day after day 日复一日 day by day 一天天 up and down 上上下下 the day after tomorrow 后天 the day before yesterday 前天8. 其他固定搭配 laugh at 嘲笑 be used to doing习惯于 used to 过去常常 use sth to do sth 用某物做某事 wake…up 唤醒 work out 算出 hurry up 赶快，快点 think about 考虑…… think of 想到 be anxious about 担忧 throw away 扔掉 hear of 听说 hear from 收到……来信 instead of 代替…… with one s help 在某人的帮助下，由于 with the help of … 在……的帮助下 to one s surprise 令某人吃惊的是 up and down 上上下下 just now/then 刚才/那时 late on 过后，后来 work / study hard 努力工作 come out 解出 wait for 等待 do morning exercises 做早操 do eye exercises 做眼保健操 get on/along (well) with 与……相处（融洽）