英语作业律师函

LEC考试的题型和考查内容与美国律师资格考试（BAR考试）相近，题型包括客观题和主观题，内容涵盖了美国各部门法、案例阅读和法律写作，同时又根据法律英语的专业性特点以及国内涉外语言服务的需求，设置了法律英语术语、英美法律文化、法律逻辑推理、法律翻译和WTO法测试。 LEC考试试题结构如下：试卷 （一）（客观题）试卷 （二）（主观题）单项选择题(Multiple Choice)， 共100分 本部分试题由四部分组成：1. 法律英语术语+英美法律文化（10%-15%）2. 美国法律基本知识（70%-75%）3. WTO法基本知识（5%-10%）4. 逻辑推理 （5%-10%） Section I 案例阅读（Case Reading and Comprehension），共25分本部分试题包括一篇真实案例。要求应试者在准确、快速阅读案例后，根据获得的案例中的信息，简略回答有关问题或写出案情摘要（Case Brief）。Section II 法律翻译（Legal Translation），共40分本部分试题有两节，A和B；A是中译英，B是英译中，各占20分。Section III 法律写作（Legal Writing），共35分要求应试者根据题目给出的信息，用英文撰写一封律师函（Legal Letter），起草意向书（Letter of Intent）或写一篇法律备忘录（Law Office Memo）；或根据题目所提供的案例，代表某一方写一篇案件辩论书(Brief)。LEC考试内容经过科学配置, 试题难易适中。试卷（一）中，容易题目占50 % ，中等题目占30% ，高等难度试题占20%； 试卷 （二） 中等难度试题占80 % , 高难度试题占20%，具体考试内容包括：一、法律基本知识1. 常用法律英语词汇、术语的定义、内涵2. 英美法律文化3. 美国部门法，包括宪法Constitutional Law、合同法Contracts、侵权法Torts、财产法Property Law、证据法Evidence Law、刑法/刑事程序法Criminal & Criminal Procedure Law、知识产权法Intellectual Property Law4. WTO 法基础知识二、法律逻辑推理与美国法学院入学考试（LSAT)的主要测试内容相类似，考查考生的思辨能力，这是法务工作者必备的逻辑思维能力。三、案例阅读 理解分析通过快速阅读一篇案例，理解并掌握案例中的法律事实（Facts）、争议问题（Issues）、法律适用（Application）、分析推理（Analysis）、和法庭意见（Holding）等。四、法律翻译1. 立法文本翻译2. 涉外经贸合同翻译3. 涉外诉讼文书翻译4. 涉外公证书翻译5. 判决书翻译6. 法治新闻报道等综合法律翻译五、美国法律 文书写作1. 律师信函 Legal Letters2. 法律备忘录 Law Office Memos3. 案件辩论书 Briefs

法律英语常用词汇汇总

法律通常是指由社会认可国家确认立法机关制定规范的行为规则，并由国家强制力(主要是司法机关)保证[1] 实施的，以规定当事人权利和义务为内容的，对全体社会成员具有普遍约束力的一种特殊行为规范(社会规范)。以下是关于法律的英语常用词汇汇总。

一、 律师部分

案件受理费 court acceptance fee

案情重大、复杂 important and complicated case

案由 cause of action

案子 case

包揽诉讼 monopolize lawsuits

被告 defendant; the accused

被上诉人 appellee

被诉人 respondent; defendant

本案律师 councel pro hac vice

本地律师 local counsel

毕业证 diploma; graduation certificate

辩护词 defense; pleadings

辩护律师 defense lawyer

辩护要点 point of defense

辩护意见 submission

财产租赁 property tenancy

裁定书 order; ruling; determination(指终审裁定)

裁决书 award(用于仲裁)

裁决书 verdict(用于陪审团)

采信的证据 admitted evidence; established evidence

草拟股权转让协议 drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests

查阅法条 source legal provisions

产权转让 conveyancing

出差 go on errand; go on a business trip

出国深造 further study abroad

出具律师意见书 providing legal opinion

出示的证据 exhibit

出庭 appear in court

传票 summons; subpoena

答辩状 answer; reply

代理词 representation

代理房地产买卖与转让 agency for sale and transfer of real estate

代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记 agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations

代理仲裁 agency for arbitration

代写文书 drafting of legal instruments

待决案件 pending case

当事人陈述 statement of the parties

第三人 third party

吊销执业证 revocation of lawyer license

调查笔录 investigative record

调查取证 investigation and gathering for evidence

调解 mediation

调解书 mediation

二审案件 case of trial of second instance

发送电子邮件 send e-mail

法律顾问 legal consultants

法律意见书 legal opinions

法律援助 legal aid

法律咨询 legal counseling

法庭 division; tribunal

法学博士学位 LL.D

法学会 law society

法学课程 legal courses

法学硕士学位 LL.M

法学系 faculty of law; department of law

法学学士学位 LL.B

J.D

法学院 law school

法院公告 court announcement

反诉状 counterclaim

房地产律师 real estate lawyer; real property lawyer

非合伙律师 associate lawyer

非诉讼业务 non-litigation practice

高级合伙人 senior partner

高级律师 senior lawyer

各类协议和合同 agreements and contracts

公安局 Public Security Bureau

公司上市 company listing

公诉案件 public-prosecuting case

公证书 notarial certificate

国办律师事务所 state-run law office

国际贸易 international trade

国际诉讼 international litigation

国内诉讼 domestic litigation

合伙律师 partner lawyer

合伙制律师事务所 law office in partner-ship; cooperating law ofice

合同审查、草拟、修改 contract review, drafting and revision

会见当事人 interview a client

会见犯罪嫌疑人 interview a criminal suspect

兼职律师 part-time lawyer

监狱 prison; jail

鉴定结论 expert conclusion

缴纳会费 membership dues

举证责任 burden of proof; onus probandi

决定书 decision

勘验笔录 record of request

看守所 detention house

抗诉书 protest

控告人 accuser; complainant

跨国诉讼 transnational litigation

劳动争议 labor disputes

劳动争议仲裁委员会 arbitration committee for labor disputes

劳改场 reform-through-labor farm; prison farm

利害关系人 interested party; party in interest

律管处处长 director of lawyer control department

律师 lawyer attorney; attorney at law

律师惩戒 lawyer discipline

律师法 Lawyer Law

律师费 lawyer fee

律师函 lawyer’s letter

律师见证 lawyer attestation/authentication

律师见证书 lawyer certification/authentication/witness

律师卷宗 lawyer’s docile; file

律师刊物 lawyer’s journal

律师联系电话 contact phone number of a lawyer

律师事务所 law office; law firm

律师收费 billing by lawyer

律师网站 lawyer website

律师协会 National Bar Association

律师协会会员 member of Lawyer Association

律师协会秘书长 secretary general of Bar Association

律师协会章程 Articles of Lawyer Assocition

律师业务室 lawyer’s office

律师执业证 lawyer license

律师助理 assistant lawyer

律师资格考试 bar exam; lawyer qualification exam

律师资格证 lawyer qualification certificate

民事案件 civil case

民事调解 civil mediation

民事诉讼 civil litigation

派出所 local police station; police substation

判决 judgement;

determination;

sentence;

verdict

旁证 circumstantial evidence

企业章程 articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw

企业重组 corporate restructure

起诉状 information; indictment

取消律师资格 disbar

全国律师代表大会 National Lawyer Congress

缺席宣判 pronounce judgement or determination by default

人民法院 People’s Court

人民检察院 People’s Procuratorate

认定事实 determine facts

上诉案件 case of trial of second instance; appellate case

上诉人 appellant

上诉状 petition for appeal

涉外律师 lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters

申请复议 administrative reconsideration petition

申请加入律师协会 application for admission to Law Association

申请人 petitioner; claimant

申诉案件 appeal case

申诉人(仲裁) claimant; plaintiff

申诉书 appeal for revision, petition for revision

实习律师 apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period

实习律师证 certificate of apprentice lawyer

视听证据 audio-visual reference material

适用法律 apply law to facts

受害人 victim

书证 documentary evidence

司法部 Ministry of Justice

司法建议书 judicial advise

司法局 Judicial Bureau

司法局副局长 deputy director of Judicial Bureau

司法局局长 director of Judicial Bureau

司法统一考试 uniform judicial exam

送达 service of process

诉讼 litigation; action; lawsuit

诉讼当事人 litigation party; litigious party

诉讼业务 litigation practice

诉状 complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim

推销法律服务 promote/market legal service

外国律师事务所 foreign law office

委托代理合同 authorized representation contract

委托代理人 agent ad litem; entrusted agent

委托授权书 power of attorney

物证 material evidence

嫌疑人 criminal suspect

项目融资 project financing

项目谈判 project negotiating

刑事案件 criminal case

刑事诉讼 criminal litigation

行政诉讼 administrative litigation

休庭 adjourn the court; recess

宣判 pronounce judgement; determination

宣誓书 affidavit

业务进修 attendance in advanced studies

一审案件 case of trial of first instance

与国外律师事务所交流 communicate with foreign law firms

原告 plaintiff

证券律师 securities lawyer

证人证言 testimony of witness; affidavit

执行笔录 execution record

执业登记 registration for practice

执业范围 scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area

执业申请 practice application

执业证年检 annual inspection of lawyer license

仲裁 arbitration

仲裁案件 arbitration case

仲裁机构 arbitration agency

专门律师 specialized lawyer

专职律师 professional lawyer; full-time lawyer

撰写法律文章 write legal thesis

资信调查 credit standing investigation

自诉案件 private prosecuting case

二、 诉讼法律

案件 case

案件发回 remand/rimit a case

案件名称 title of a case

案卷材料 materials in the case

案情陈述书 statement of case

案外人 person other than involved in the case

案值 total value involved in the case

败诉方 losing party

办案人员 personnel handling a case

保全措施申请书 application for protective measures

报案 report a case

被告 defendant; the accused

被告人最后陈述 final statement of the accused

被告向原告第二次答辩 rejoinder

被害人 victim

被害人的诉讼代理人 victim’s agent ad litem

被上诉人 respondent; the appellee

被申请人 respondent

被申请执行人 party against whom execution is filed

被执行人 person subject to enforcement

本诉 principal action

必要共同诉讼人 party in necessary co-litigation

变通管辖 jurisdiction by accord

辩护 defense

辩护律师 defense attorney/lawyer

辩护人 defender

辩护证据 exculpatory evidence; defense evidence

辩论阶段 stage of court debate

驳回反诉 dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim

驳回请求 deny/dismiss a motion

驳回上诉、维持原判 reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling

驳回诉讼 dismiss an action/suit

驳回通知书 notice of dismissal

驳回自诉 dismiss/reject a private prosecution

驳回自诉裁定书 ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case

补充答辩 supplementary answer

补充判决 supplementary judgement

补充侦查 supplementary investigation

不公开审理 trial in camera

不立案决定书 written decision of no case-filing

不批准逮捕决定书 written decision of disapproving an arrest

不起诉 nol pros

不予受理起诉通知书 notice of dismissal of accusation by the court

财产保全申请书 application for attachment; application for property preservation

裁定 order; determination

裁定管辖 jurisdiction by order

裁定书 order; ruling

裁决书 award

采信的证据 admitted evidence

查封 seal up

撤回上诉 withdraw appeal

撤诉 withdraw a lawsuit

撤销立案 revoke a case placed on file

撤销原判，发回重审 rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial

出示的证据 exhibit

除权判决 invalidating judgement

传唤 summon; call

传闻证据 hearsay

答辩 answer; reply

答辩陈述书 statement of defence

答辩状 answer; reply

大法官 associate justices; justice

大检察官 deputy chief procurator

代理控告 agency for accusation

代理申诉 agency for appeal

代理审判员 acting judge

代为申请取保候审 agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving

弹劾式诉讼 accusatory procedure

当事人陈述 statement of the parties

当庭宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court

地区管辖 territorial jurisdiction

地区检察分院 inter-mediate People’s Procuratorate

第三人 third party

调查笔录 record of investigation

定期宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date

定罪证据 incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence

冻结 freeze

督促程序 procedure of supervision and urge

独任庭 sole-judge bench

独任仲裁员 sole arbitrator

对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施 compulsory measures against impairment of civil action

对席判决 judgement inter parties

二审 trial of second instance

二审案件 case of trial of second insurance

罚款 impose a fine

法定证据 statutory legal evidence

法定证据制度 system of legal evidence

法官 judges

法警 bailiff; court police

法律文书 legal instruments/papers

法律援助 legal aid

法律咨询 legal consulting

法庭辩论 court debate

法庭调查 court investigation

法庭审理笔录 court record

法庭审理方式 mode of court trial

法庭庭长 chief judge of a tribunal

法院 court

法院公告 court announcement

反诉 counterclaim

反诉答辩状 answer with counterclaim

反诉状 counterclaim

犯罪嫌疑人 criminal suspect

附带民事诉讼案件 a collateral civil action

附带民事诉讼被告 defendant of collateral civil action

复查 reexamination; recheck

复验 reinspect

高级法官 senior judge

高级检察官 senior procurator

高级人民法院 Higher People’s Court

告诉案件 case of complaint

告诉才处理的案件 case accepted at complaint

告诉申诉庭 complaint and petition division

工读学校 work-study school for delinquent children

公安部 Ministry of Public Security

公安分局 public security sub-bureau

公安厅 public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government

公开审理 trial in public

公开审判制度 open trial system

公示催告程序 procedure of public summons for exhortation

公诉案件 public-prosecuting case

公诉词 statement of public prosecution

公证机关 public notary office

共同管辖 concurrent jurisdiction

管辖 jurisdiction

国际司法协助 international judicial assistance

海事法院 maritime court

合议庭 collegial panel

发函前律师要先了解案情，判断当事人要求的合理合法性，并给出建议和分析,这需要律师的专业知识。发函后还可能涉及同对方沟通交涉，根据事件的发展随时提供法律上的分析，并有协助处理的过程。一份律师函背后，涉及事实整理、案件分析、诉求确认、证据收集等事务，都是很专业的事。在这些环节上，细微的操作不同，都可能对将来案件结果产生重大影响。这属于律师非诉业务的一种，有时甚至比诉讼业务的工作量和风险还要大。所以，根据涉及的案情、标的、当事人的要求、实际可能的工作量大小等不同情况，律师函的价格差异也就很大了。同一件事，不同地区、不同律师的报价也会有不同，这个只能当事人自己根据自己的需要，选择适合自己的律师了。