蓝瑟季候风
下面是我整理的英语 说明文 范文 ，以供大家学习参考。
说明文是以说明为主要表达方式用来说明事物，阐明事理的一种文体。它通过揭示概念来说明事物的特征、本质及其规律性，给人准确的科学知识或正确思想。一般可分为实体事物说明和抽象事物说明两大类，词典、教材、论文、实验 报告 、产品 说明书 、 广告 、解说词及科学小品等都属于说明文。
按写作 方法 ,英语说明文主要分为下面六种类型:
1.定义法
下定义就是给说明对象一个明确概念。这是科学而严密的说明方法。它既能揭示事物的本质特征,勾勒其大概,描绘其轮廓,同时也能确定事物的范围和界限。下定义是多方面的,可以给人、事物、思想等下定义。例如:
An ideal teacher must have the following characteristics. He should know his subject, but he can make mistakes if he is willing to learn. His personality is as important as his scholarship. An ideal teacher must be enthusiastic. He should be a bit of an actor and he shouldn't be afraid to show his feelings and express his likes and dislikes. An ideal teacher is one who grows, learns, and improves himself along with his students.
本段的展开是通过对"一个模范教师"下定义的方法,关键词"ideal teacher"在文中多次重复,能加深读者的印象。
2.例证法
这是用具体例子来说明人或事物的特征、本质及其规律的方法,所用例子必须有代表性、典型性,能体现人或事物的本质特征。这是用特殊来说明一般的方法。通常在主题句后,用 For example 或 For instance 等 短语 引导出具体的例子。例如:
Our life today depends very much on energy. For example, machines have made our life easier than it used to be. The machines use energy, and energy is needed for heating, lighting, communications, carrying goods-everything. Factories use a great deal of energy to make the things that we use and buy and sell.
这段主要是讲能源问题。第一句为主题句,概括地说出"我们目前的生活很大程度上依赖能源"。接着用举例的方法从三方面说明能源的作用。
3.分类法
分类法是对同属不同类或同类而不同种的人或事物,根据不同性质进行分门别类地说明的方法。分类是人类认识客观世界的重要手段之一。分类必须遵守分类规则,使分类对象具有统一属性,依据同一分类标准,并使分类的子项相互排斥,不互相包蕴。例如:
As far as political views are concerned, people fall into three categories. First are the conservative people. Conservatives are opposed to sudden or great changes. Second are the liberal people. These people are in favor of progress and reform. But their opinions often seem too idealistic. Third are the moderate people. The moderates keep everything within reasonable limits. They are more practical in this hard world. In my opinion, most people seem to belong to this group.
本段把人按政治观点分为三类:保守派(conservative people)、自由派(liberal people)和温和派(moderate people),并对他们各自的特征进行了简要的分析。
4.因果关系法
事物变化的原因和结果是紧密相关的。如果某个现象的存在必然引起另一个现象的发生,那么,这两个现象之间就具有因果关系。因果关系包括"由果推因"(由结果去推测原因)和"由因推果"(由原因去推测结果)两种情况。因果关系符合人们的日常思维逻辑,因而在写作中得到广泛应用,常用 because, as, since, so, now that, if...then, the reason is that...等表示因果关系。例如:
Of the four seasons, I like spring best. I prefer spring because it is a season of much joy and gaiety. New life bursts out everywhere. Plants wear a green coagain and colorful flowers blossom in gardens and mountains. The old come outdoors for fresh air and the young plan for outdoor activities. Life becomes so energetic and happy.
第一句为本段主题句,末句是 总结 句。在主题句后, 作者用了四个 句子 阐述自己喜欢春天的理由。
小墩子921
英语说明文，大家写的时候，可能都不一定知道自己写的是什么文体。下面是我给大家整理的英语说明文范文，供大家参阅!
Something You Must Know
This library is and English Language teaching and learning library. If you want to borrow some books, you must fill out a library application form and put it in the box on the librarian's desk. Because of the large number of applications we receive each week, you must wait one week. Please bring your student or work card to pick up your library card. Library application forms which are not picked up within 2 months will be discarded and you will have to reapply.
This is a diagram of our schoolyard. It is four hundred meters long and three hundred meters wide. The school gate faces the south. Our teaching building stands in the middle of our school yard. It is a building of five stories .The teachers' offices are on the third floor. There is a garden in front of the teaching building. On the left of the garden is our library. Our lab is on the right of the garden. There is a large playground behind the teaching building. Many trees are planted around the school-yard.
English Corner
English Corner is very useful to learn to communicate in English. Learning a foreign language requires four skills: reading, writing, listening and speaking. The English Corner is a wonderful place to practise both listening and speaking. English Corner is also a good place to meet new friends. When I went to English Corner last Sunday, I came across a variety of people, who all had one thing in common; that is they wanted to communicate in English. So the atmosphere was relaxing. English Corner enlarges our would. As we listen to foreigners talking about their countries and customs, we learn many things that we can't learn from books.
Without you ,it would have never been possible. Thank you.
English Dictionaries
Most English dictionaries will tell you a number of things about the language. There are three important things, spelling, pronunciation and meanings. The first is the spelling of
the words. If you are not sure about the spelling of a word, you can try to find the correct spelling in a dictionary. The words are always given in alphabetical order. The second thing is pronuncia- tion, Most dictionaries give the pronunciation of a word in a special kind of alphabet, which is
called phonetic. The third thing a dictionary will tell you is the meanings of words, Many words have more than one meaning, and a good dictionary will explain all of the word's meanings. These are some of the important facts that you can learn from dictionaries.
The computer is a wonderful machine. It is the most important invention in many years. Today it is used a great deal in various fields. Especially, it is useful in automatic control and data processing. And now it is finding its way into the home.
Computer plays an important role in our life. They can do most of things people can do. They can give you information on buying and selling things, provide you with suggestions of how to deal with certain illness and how to solve the problems you are faced with. There is no doubt that people can live much easier with the help of the computer.
However, many scientists don't think that computers will replace us completely. No matter how clever they may become, computer are no more than an extension of our human brains
My favorite program
Nowadays radios and TVs play a more and more important role in our daily life.
There are many programs shown every day. Some of them are very good. My favorite program is “The Animal World”, which is broadcast by CCTV every Sunday night. The program provides us with natural scenes, the life of all kinds of wild animals and the wonderful explanation about it. We also acquire some knowledge about animals, even some plants. So in my opinion, it is an interesting as well as an instructive program. Be sides, the pictures are very beautiful. It's really a great joy to watch it. If you don't believe it, Just watch it yourself.
Hans Christian Anderson
Hans Christian Anderson was a world-famous writer of fairy tales. He was born in 1805. When he was eleven his father died. His family was then so poor that he could not go to school during his childhood. He learned sewing from a tailor. At the age of fourteen, he went to work in a theatre. Later helped by some warm-hearted artists, he went to
school. In 1828, he began to get advanced education. After graduation, he devoted himself to literature. He wrote plays, novels, poems and so on. He worked hard at literature. This led to his great success. He wrote more than 160 stories in all .He was famous for his funny fairy tales, which became popular all over the world. He died in 1875.
