英语怎么倒装句子

1)On the wall hangs a picture. 2)Here es the bus. 3)Only in this way can you improve your English. 4)Not until he graduated did he realise he had wasted much time. 5)So shallow is the river that no fish can live in it. 6)Had I known it sooner,I would have e here.

倒装有两种: 将主语和谓语完全颠倒过来,叫做完全倒装(Complete Inversion)。如:In came a man with a white beard. 只将助动词(包括情态动词)移至主语之前,叫做部分倒装(Partial Inversion)。如:Only once was John late to class. 英语句子的倒装一是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装,二是由于修辞的需要而进行的倒装。前一种情况,倒装是必须的,否则就会出现语法错误;后一种情况,倒装是选择性的,倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异。下面本文就拟从其修辞功能谈谈倒装句的用法。 一、 表示强调: 倒装句最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调,其表现形式如下: 1. only +状语或状语从句置于句首,句子用部分倒装。 eg.Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。 eg.Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。 2. not, little, hardly, scarcely, no more, no longer, in no way, never, seldom, not only, no sooner等具有否定意义的词或片语位于句首,句子用部分倒装。 eg. No sooner had I got home than it beg.an to rain. 我刚到家就下起了雨。 eg. Seldom do I go to work by bus. 我很少乘公共汽车上班。 3. so / such...that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分。 eg.So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled. 他的要价太离谱,令每个人都瞠目结舌。 eg.To such length did she go in rehearsal that the o actors walked out. 她的彩排进行得那么长,以致于那两个演员都走出去了。 以上各例子都用倒装语序突出了句首成分,其语气较自然语序强烈,因而具有极佳的修辞效果。 二、 承上启下 有时倒装可把前一句说到的人或物,或与前一句有联络的人或物在下一句紧接着先说出来,从而使前后两句在意思上的关系更加清楚,衔接更加紧密,起到承上启下的作用。 eg.They broke into her uncle's bedroom and found the man lying on the floor, dead. Around his head was a brown snake. 他们破门进入她叔叔的卧室,发现他躺在地板上死了。一条棕褐色的蛇缠在他头上。 eg. We really should not resent being called paupers. Paupers we are, and paupers we shall remain. 我们确实不应因为被称作穷光蛋而愤愤不平。我们的确是穷光蛋,而且还会继续是穷光蛋。 三、 制造悬念,渲染气氛 在新闻或文学创作中,有时为了内容的需要,或是为了强调,作者常常运用倒装来制造悬念,渲染气氛。如: Hanging on the wall was a splendid painting. 墙上挂著一幅精美的图画。 再如朗费罗(Longfellow)《雪花》中的一节: Out of the bosom of the Air, Out of the cloud-folds of her garments shaken, Over the woodlands brown and bare, Over the harvest-fields forsaken, Silent, and soft, and slow, Descends the snow. 在这一节诗里 ,诗人就富有创意地运用了倒装。在前五行中 ,诗人堆砌了七个状语,状语连续出现而主语和谓语却迟迟未露 ,造成一种悬念效应。全节读罢 ,读者才对诗歌的主题恍然大悟 ,因而收到了不同凡响的艺术效果。 四、 平衡结构 英语修辞的一个重要原则是尾重原则,即把句子最复杂的成分放在句尾以保持句子平衡。在语言使用中为了避免产生头重脚轻、结构不平衡的句子,我们常采用倒装语序。 1. 以作状语的介词短语开头:当主语较长或主语所带修饰语较长时,为了使句子平衡,常将状语置于句首,句子用完全倒装语序。 eg.To the coal mine came a -pany of PLA soldiers with orders from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners. eg.A pany of PLA soldiers came to the coal mine with orders from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners. 一个连队的解放军战士来到了那座煤矿,奉司令部之命解救受困的矿工。 eg.On the ground lay some air conditioners, which are to be shipped to some other cities. eg.Some air conditioners lay on the ground, which are to be shipped to some other cities. 地上放著一些空调,等著用船运到其他城市去。 从例句中可看出, 采用倒装语序的A句结构平衡稳妥 ,读起来自然流畅,而采用自然语序的B句结构零乱, 读起来也别扭。因而,在主语较长时就应采用倒装语序以取得理想的表达效果。 2. 以表语开头的句子:有时为了把较长的主语放在后面,须将表语和谓语都提到主语前。 eg.Such would be our home in the future. 我们将来的家就是这个样子。 3. 以副词here , there开头的句子,也采用完全倒装来保持句子平衡。 eg.Here is the letter you have been looking forward to. 你盼望已久的信在这儿。 五、 使描写生动 有时为了使叙述或描绘更加生动形象,增加语言效果,可将表示方向的副词(如:down, up, out, in, off, on, away等)或拟声词(bang, crack等)置于句首,句子采用全部倒装的语序(主语为人称代词的句子除外)。 eg.Up went the rocket into the air. 嗖地一声火箭就飞上天了。 eg.Down jumped the criminal from the third floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him. 当警察把手枪瞄准那个罪犯时,嘭地一下他就从三楼跳了下去。 eg.Boom went the cannon! 轰隆一声大炮开火了! eg.Bang came another shot!砰!又是一声枪响! 以上句子简洁明快 ,生动逼真地描述了有关动作 ,令我们一览此类倒装的风采。但这种倒装句的修辞功能在语段中可以体现得更为清楚。 "S thief! S thief!" There is a magic cry in the sound. The trade *** an leaves his counter, ... Away they run, pell—mell, helter—skelter, yelling—screaming, ... "S thief ! S thief !" The cry is taking by a hundred voices, ... Away they fly, splashing through the mud, up go the window, out run the people. ( Dickens ) 作者在第一段和第二段中分别用副词away, up和out位于句首引出四个倒装句Away they run , Away they fly, up go the window , out run the people。从而制造出一种紧张、急促的气氛 ,生动地刻画了一个紧张、混乱的捉贼场面。 倒装是英语中一个重要的修辞手段。倒装句的使用丰富了我们的语言表达,了解并掌握倒装句各种句式的用法 , 不仅会提高我们对英语语言的欣赏能力 , 对英语表达能力的提高也将大有裨益。因此,写作中适当用一些倒装句式定会使文章表达更生动、有力。

将助动词、be动词或情态动词放到主语前的为部分倒装 将谓语动词移到主语前称为完全倒装 例： Not a single word did I say the whole night. 此句中时态为一般过去式，宾语为“not a”/“nothing”/“nobody”等引出，后面的主谓语倒装，在主语前加上一个与时态相符的助动词，这样就构成了一个部分倒装，你可以仔细研究下几个句子，模仿一下，应该没问题。 以此类推，Many bargains had he picked up there.(他在那里做成了不少交易)此句为过去完成时，也是将助动词“had”提前到主语前面，为部分倒装。 例： On your left is the house. 这个句子的主语补足语放在了句首，构成倒装句，只需把be动词放在主语前面，为部分倒装。 例： Only in this way can we learn english well.这句就是将情态动词"can"放在了主语“we”的前面。 你好好观察一下这些例句，多对比分析，希望你能够理解 完全倒装只需将谓语放在主语前面，可能比较好理解 例： There goes the last bus. 每一种语法现象都有例外，要注意记录和区分。而且也不是所有句子都能变成倒装句，我也只是蜻蜓点水，希望对你有用

倒装句之部分倒装

部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需新增助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 1) 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。 Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。 注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。 I have never seen such a performance. The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep. 典型例题 1) Why can't I *** oke here? At no time___ in the meeting-room A. is *** oking permitted B. *** oking is permitted C. *** oking is it permitted D. does *** oking permit 答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time. 2） Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is. A. man did know B. man know C. didn't man know D. did man know 答案D. 看到Not until…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。 改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。 倒装结构的用法： 一、副词here,there, in, out,up ,down, away,back,now, then, ahead 等位于句首,当谓语动词是be,e, go, follow,run等表示位置移动的动词，而且主语又是名词时,需要把谓语动词放主语之前，即全部倒装。 注意:A 此类倒装不用进行时态度。B若主语是代词时，不用倒装。 1.--Let's hurry. Listen!There________. __Oh,yes.Has the teacher e yet? ---Look! Here________. A the bell goes, is he ing B goes the bell, he es C the bell is going,he is ing D goes the bell, es he 二，含有否定意义的词放句首，部分倒装。 A具有否定意义的副词放句首： not,never,seldom,hardly, rarely.little,scarely,few… 2.I finally got the job I dreamed about.Never in my life___ so happy!(2000,spring) A did I feel B I feel C I had felt D had I felt 3.The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once__with each other.(2003) A they had quarreled B they have quarreled C have they quarreled D had they quarreled B,含有否定意义的连词放句首:not only…but also.., neither..nor.., no sooner…than.., scarely..than..,Hardly..when.., not until... 4.Not until all the fish died in the river__how serious pollution was.(95) A did the villagers realize B the villagers realized C the villagers did realize D didn't the villagers realize 5.Not only__interested in football but__ beginning to show an interest in it. A the teacher himself is, all his students are B the teacher himself is, are all his students C is the teacher himself, are all his students D is the teacher himself,all his students are *not only, no sooner,hardly.scarely要倒,but (also), than, when后面的句子不倒. Neither..nor..两部分都倒装。 C, 含有否定意义的介词放句首：by no means, In no time,in no case, on no aount,under no circumstances... On no aount must you aept any money against your conscience. 三，only＋状语，部分到装 6.Only in this way__to make improvement in the operating system.(2003 shang) A you can hope B you did more C can you hope D did you hope 7. __can you expect to get a pay rise.(2001) A With hard work B Although work hard C Only with hard work D Now that he works hard 四、表示上文的状况也适合另外一人或事半功倍有下列： 肯定:so+助动词(动/情态)+主语 *主语与上文一致 否定:neither(nor)+助动(动/情态)+主语 8.-David has made great progress recently. --_______, and________.(1997) A So he has, so you have B So he has, so have you C So has he , so have you D So has he ,so you have 9. – You fet your purse when you went out. ---Good heavens,_______.(2002) A so did I B so I did C I did so D I so did 五、as 作“尽管／虽然”，引导让步状语从句，由于语法需要，把表语／状语／动词提于句首． 10._____,I have never seen anyone who's as capable(有能力） as John.(2001) A As long as I have traveled B Now that I have traveled C Much as I have traveled D As I have travled so much 11.___, he knows a lot of things. A The child as he is B Child as he is C A child as he is D Child as he is 六、so ..that.., such ..that..的句子结构中，若so,such 和与其所修饰的词置于句首，实行部分倒。 12.So difficult____it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well.(2001) A I have felt B have I felt C I did feel D did I feel 七、若if 引导的虚拟条件句中有were, had, should 时， 可将if省，把were, had , should 放主语之前。 13.___it rain tomorrow, we would have put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.(94) A Were B Should C Would D Will 14.____ for the tree tickets,I would not have gone to the film so often.(95sh) A If it is not B Were it not C Had not it been D If they were not 八、充当地点状语的介词短语放句首，全倒。 In a lecture hall of a university sits a professor. 九、在表示愿望的感叹句，倒装。 May our country bee rich and strong! Long live the People's Republic of China! 十、There be 句型，eg, There live(stand,appear.seem,remain,exist….) There is a man at the door wants to see you. There once lived an old hunter in that house. There seems to be some misunderstanding about the matter.

主语和谓语的倒装 主语和谓语是句子的核心，它们之间有两种语序 一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语序（Natural Order）； 二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序（Inverted Order）。 而倒装语序中又有完全倒装（Full Inversion）和部分倒装（Partial Inversion） 1.完全倒装（Full Inversion）：又称"全部倒装",是指将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。 谓语+主语+…… ①There be（的各种形式）+主语（+地点或时间状语） 例子： There was a drop in the temperature.温度下降了 There are brids singing in the tree.鸟儿在树上唱歌。 ②副词小品词+谓语动词+名词主语+…… ③过去分词或现代分词+be的各种形式+主语+…… 2.部分倒装（Partial Inversion）（又称半倒装句）：指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 英语句子的倒装一是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装，二是由于修辞的需要而进行的倒装。 前一种情况,倒装是必须的，否则就会出现语法错误；后一种情况，倒装是选择性的，倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异。 表示强调 倒装句最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调，其表现形式如下： 1.only +状语或状语从句置于句首，句子用部分倒装，但从句内不倒装。 例子： Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法，你才可以解决这个问题。 Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake. 只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。 2. hardly,in no way,little,scarcely,seldom,never,no more,no longer,not,not only,no sooner,not only … (but also),not until… 等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首，句子用部分倒装。 例子： No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 我刚到家就下起了雨。 Seldom do I go to work by bus. 我很少乘公共汽车上班。 Not until twelve o'clock did she go to bed last night . 她昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。 3. so / such...that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分。 例子： So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled. 他的要价太离谱，令每个人都瞠目结舌。 To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out. 她的彩排进行得那么长，以致于那两个演员都走出去了。 以上各例都用倒装语序突出了句首成分，其语气较自然语序强烈，因而具有极佳的修辞效果。 4.某些副词开头的句子构成的完全倒装here、there、now、then、thus等副词开头的句子可构成完全倒装。条件是谓语动词是不及物动词，如arise、be、come、exist、go、follow等。需要注意的是，当主语是代词时，不能构成倒装。 例子： Here comes our headmaster。我们的校长来了。 Here it is. 在这里。 Here is your key.这是你的钥匙。 承上启下 1.为了避免句子部分内容不必要的重复，常用"so+be动词（助动词、情态动词）+主语"或"neither/nor + be动词（助动词、情态动词）+主语"的倒装句式。 其中第一个句式表示"与前面所述的肯定情况相同"，第二个句式表示"与前面所述的否定情况相同"。 例子： A:His brother is（not） a college student; B:so is mine.(nor is mine .) A:他弟弟（不）是大学生，B:我弟弟也是。(我弟弟也不是。) A:He used to have his further study abroad; B:so did I.(neither did I.) A:他曾去国外深造过。B:我也去过。(我也没有。) A:One of my friends can speak three foreign languages; B:so can his wife.(neither can his wife .) A:我的一个朋友会说三门外国语。B:他的妻子也会。(他的妻子也不会。) 2.倒装可把前一句说到的人或物，或与前一句有联系的人或物在下一句紧接着先说出来，从而使前后两句在意思上的关系更加清楚，衔接更加紧密，起到承上启下的作用。 例子： They broke into her uncle's bedroom and found the man lying on the floor,dead. Around his head was a brown snake. 他们破门进入她叔叔的卧室，发现他躺在地板上死了。一条棕褐色的蛇缠在他头上。 We really should not resent being called paupers. Paupers we are,and paupers we shall remain. 我们确实不应因为被称作穷光蛋而愤愤不平。我们的确是穷光蛋，而且还会继续是穷光蛋。 制造悬念，渲染气氛 在新闻或文学创作中，有时为了内容的需要，或是为了强调，作者常常运用倒装来制造悬念，渲染气氛。 如朗费罗(Longfellow)《雪花》中的一节： Out of the bosom of the Air, Out of the cloud-folds of her garments shaken, Over the woodlands brown and bare, Over the harvest-fields forsaken, Silent,and soft,and slow, Descends the snow. 它来自天上。 叠叠乌云抖衣裳， 静悄悄，不慌张， 绵绵雪花降； 落在光秃秃的棕色树林， 和收割过的孤寂田野上。 在这一节诗里，诗人就富有创意地运用了倒装。在前五行中，诗人堆砌了七个状语，状语连续出现而主语和谓语却迟迟未露，造成一种悬念效应。全节读罢，读者才对诗歌的主题恍然大悟，因而收到了不同凡响的艺术效果。 平衡结构 英语修辞的一个重要原则是尾重原则，即把句子最复杂的成分放在句尾以保持句子平衡。在语言使用中为了避免产生头重脚轻、结构不平衡的句子，我们常采用倒装语序。 1. 以作状语的介词短语开头:当主语较长或主语所带修饰语较长时，为了使句子平衡，常将状语置于句首，句子用完全倒装语序。 例子： 1．A. To the coal mine came a com-pany of PLA soldiers with orders from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners. B. A company of PLA soldiers came to the coal mine with orders from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners. 一个连队的解放军战士来到了那座煤矿，奉司令部之命解救受困的矿工。 2．A. On the ground lay some air conditioners,which are to be shipped to some other cities. B. Some air conditioners lay on the ground,which are to be shipped to some other cities. 地上放着一些空调，等着用船运到其他城市去。 例句（2）包含一个非限制性定语从句，B句未倒装，则从句的先行词与引导词which中间被状语分隔开，不易于理解，而A句倒装使得先行词air conditioner与引导词which的关系一目了然。 从例句中可看出，采用倒装语序的A句结构平衡稳妥，读起来自然流畅，而采用自然语序的B句结构零乱，读起来也别扭。因而，在主语较长时就应采用倒装语序以取得理想的表达效果。 2. 以表语开头的句子：有时为了把较长的主语放在后面，须将表语和谓语都提到主语前。 例子： Such would be our home in the future. 我们家就将是这个样子。 3. 以副词here,there开头的句子，也采用完全倒装来保持句子平衡。 例子： Here is the letter you have been looking forward to. 你盼望已久的信在这儿。 使描写生动 有时为了使叙述或描绘更加生动形象，增加语言效果，可将表示方向的副词(如：down,up,out,in,off,on,away等)或拟声词(bang,crack等)置于句首，句子采用全部倒装的语序(主语为人称代词的句子除外)。 例子： Up went the rocket into the air. 嗖地一声火箭就飞上天了。 Down jumped the criminal from the third floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him. 当警察把手枪瞄准那个罪犯时，嘭地一下他就从三楼跳了下去。 Boom went the cannon! 轰隆一声大炮开火了! Bang came another shot! 砰！又是一声枪响！ 以上句子简洁明快，生动逼真地描述了有关动作，令我们一览此类倒装的风采。但这种倒装句的修辞功能在语段中可以体现得更为清楚。 “Stop thief! Stop thief!” There is a magic cry in the sound. The tradesman leaves his counter,... Away they run,pell—mell,helter—skelter,yelling—screaming,... “Stop thief ! Stop thief !” The cry is taking by a hundred voices,... Away they fly,splashing through the mud,up go the window,out run the people. ( Dickens ) 作者在第一段和第二段中分别用副词away,up和out位于句首引出四个倒装句Away they run,Away they fly,up go the window,out run the people。从而制造出一种紧张、急促的气氛，生动地刻画了一个紧张、混乱的捉贼场面。 倒装是英语中一个重要的修辞手段。倒装句的使用丰富了我们的语言表达，了解并掌握倒装句各种句式的用法，不仅会提高我们对英语语言的欣赏能力，对英语表达能力的提高也将大有裨益。因此，写作中适当用一些倒装句式定会使文章表达更生动、有力。