小学英语语法基础

【小学英语语法知识点汇总】1.人称代词主格： I we you she he it they宾格： me us you her him it them形容词性物主代词：my our your her his its their名词性物主代词： mine ours yours hers his its theirs 2.形容词和副词的比较级(1) 一般在形容词或副词后+erolder taller longer stronger, etc(2) 多音节词前+moremore interesting, etc.(3) 双写最后一个字母，再+erbigger fatter, etc.(4) 把y变i，再+erheavier, earlier(5) 不规则变化：well-better, much/many-more, etc. 3.可数词的复数形式Most nouns + s a book –booksNouns ending in a consonant +y - y+ ies a story—storiesNouns ending in s, sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watchesNouns ending in o +s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoesNouns ending in f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves 4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变)bread, rice, water ,juice etc. 5. 缩略形式I’m = I am you’re = you are she’s = she is he’s = he isit’s = it is who’s =who is can’t =can not isn’t=is not etc 6. a/ana book, a peachan egg an hour 7. Preposition:on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind.表示时间： at six o’clock, at Christmas, at breakfaston Monday on 15th July On National Dayin the evening in December in winter 8. 基数词和序数词one – first two-second twenty-twentieth 9. Some /anyI have some toys in my bedroom.Do you have any brothers or sisters? 10. be 动词(1) Basic form: am/are/is(2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London.My eyes are(not) small.My hair is(not) long.（3）一般疑问句： Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t. 11. there be 结构肯定句： There is a …There are …一般疑问句:Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.Are there…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.否定句： There isn’t …. There aren’t…. 12. 祈使句Sit down pleaseDon’t sit down, please. 13. 现在进行时.通常用“now”.形式： be + verb +ingeg: I am(not) doing my homework.You/We/They are(not) reading.He/She/It is(not) eating.动词 —ing 的形式Most verbs +ing walk—walkingVerbs ending in e -e + ing come—comingShort verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming 14.一般现在时。通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。形式：肯定句：I go to school on foot every day.She goes to school on foot every day.一般疑问句:Do you jump high? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.Does he jump high? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.否定句： We don’t go to school on Sundays.My mother doesn’t like watching TV in the evening. 15. (情态)动词can,must, should 后面直接用动词原形。eg:1. I / He / She / They can sing.2．You should keep quiet in the library. 16. 一般过去时态（a） be 动词的过去式:I/He/she/it was(not)…. You/we/they were….一般疑问句was, were 放在句首。（b） 动词过去式：肯定句： I watched cartoons.She visited the zoo.一般疑问句： Did you read book last night? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.Did she clean the desk just now? Yes, she did. No, she didn’t.否定句： They didn’t go the the part yesterday.He didn’t make model ships last week.(3)动词过去式的变化：规则动词的变化：Most verbs +ed eg. planted,watered,climbed。Verbs ending in e +d eg liked。Verbs ending in a consonant +y --y +ied eg : study—studiedShort verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant eg: stop --stopped不规则动词的变化：is/am—was,are—were,do—did,have/has—had,make—made,fly-flew/u:/eat—ate,take—took,run—ran,sing—sang,drink—drank 等等 17. “Wh-” questions.What are you doing?What colour is it?What time is it? What’s the time?Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one?Who’s the man with a big nose?Whose bag is it?When is your birthday?Where is my ball pen?Why do you like summer?How many books are there in the school bag?How old is the young man?How much is the toy bear?How do you go to school every day?What are you doing?What colour is it?What time is it? What’s the time?Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one?Who’s the man with a big nose?Whose bag is it?When is your birthday?Where is my ball pen?Why do you like summer?How many books are there in the school bag?How old is the young man?How much is the toy bear?How do you go to school every day?

虽然我小学的时候没有上英语的，但是我觉得小学生地英语知识点 基本上是在 单词 主谓宾的语法上面的

一、小学英语单数变复数的规律

1、多数情况下在名词后面加s。

2、以s、x、sh、ch为结尾的词在词尾加es。

3、以f、fe为结尾的词去掉f或fe加ves。

4、以辅音加y结尾的词，变y为ies。

5、以元音加y结尾的词，直接加s。

6、不规则变化。

eg：man-men，woman-women，policeman-policemen，policewoman-policewomen。

二．小学英语名词所有格语法

1、变法：在人名后面加＇s

记住：＇s要译成“的”。

eg：Lucy（名词所有格）Lucy's

2、如果是2个或2个以上人的名词所有格要在最后一个人名加＇s。

eg：Lily and Lucy (名词所有格）Lily and Lucy'S

3、以s结尾的名词复数所有格在后面加’。

三、小学英语一般疑问句

1、一般疑问句最基本的变法：be提前，用问号读升调。

2、my变成your，our变成your，I am / We are变Are you，I can变Can you。

3、注意人名不论放在什么位置都要大写。

4、一般疑问句翻译成汉语都有“吗”。

四、形容词比较级

比较级的句子结构通常是：什么＋动词be (am、is、are ) +形容词比较级＋than（比）＋什么。如：

例句：I'm taller and heavier than you.

翻译：我比你更高和更重。

五、语法易错点

1、a、an的选择：元音字母开头的单词用an，辅音字母开头的单词用a。

2、am、is、are的选择：单数用is，复数用are，I用am，you用are。

3、have、has的选择：表示某人有某物，单数用has，复数用have。I，you用have。

4、there is，there are的选择：表示某地有某物，某人，单数用there is，复数用there are。

5、some、any的选择：肯定句用some，疑问句和否定句用any。

6、疑问词的选择：what（什么）、who（谁）、where（哪里）、whose (谁的）、why（为什么）、when（什么时候）、which（哪一个）、how old（多大）、how many（多少）、how much（多少钱）。

语法：过去式，现在进行时，过去分词，短语，复数名词，介词，名词，主语，疑问，年月日，形容词，副词，谓语，系动词，连词，一般疑问句，宾语从句，仿写造句，形容词的最高级，不定代词，基数词，时态名词， 冠词和数词，代词，动词；

动名词，动词不定式，特殊词精讲，分词，独立主格，动词的时态，动词的语态，句子的种类，倒装，主谓一致，虚拟语气，名词性从句，定语从句，状语从句，情态动词。

there be句型：表示存在，即：“某处有某物”或“某时有某事”。句型基本结构为：There is(are)+ 可数名词单数或不可数名词/复数+时间或地点。

to be句型：用于介绍个人情况如姓名、健康状况、身份、国籍、家庭成员、朋友、职业等，描述地点、颜色、四季、日期、星期几等。

一般时态

一般现在时（Simple Present Tense）表示现在的状态、经常的或习惯性的动作、主语具备的性格和能力等。

1、时间状语：Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…），once a week(day, year, month…），on Sundays（on Mondays …）.

2、基本结构：主语+be/do+其他；（如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）。

否定形式：主语 + am/is/are + not + 其他（此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't，如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词）。

一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

以上内容参考：百度百科-英语语法

小学英语基础语法知识点

语法有两个含义，一指语法结构规律本身，即语法事实;一指语法学，是探索并描写语法结构的科学，是语法学者对客观存在的语法体系的认识和说明。以下是关于小学英语基础语法知识点，希望大家认真阅读!

(一)名词单复数

1.一般情况，直接加-s，如：

book-books

bag-bags

cat-cats

bed-beds

2.以s、x、 sh、 ch结尾，加-es，如：

bus-buses

box-boxes

brush-brushes

watch-watches

3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：

family-families

strawberry-strawberries

4.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：

knife-knives

5.不规则名词复数：

man-men

woman-women

policeman-policemen

policewoman-policewomen

mouse-mice

child-children

foot-feet

tooth-teeth

fish-fish

people-people

Chinese-Chinese

Japanese-Japanese

不可数名词的复数就是原型： paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea

(二)名词的格

1. 有生命的东西的.名词所有格：

(1) 单数后加 ’s 如: Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt

(2)以s 结尾的复数名词后加 ’如: his friends’ bags

(3)不以s 结尾的复数后加 ’s children’s shoes

注：并列名词中，如果把 ’s加在最后一个名词后，表示共有, 如:

Tom and Mike’s car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车

要表示所有物不是共有的，应分别在并列名词后加’s，如：

Tom’s and Mike’s cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车

2.表示无生命东西的名词通常用“ of +名词”来表示所有关系，如：

a picture of the classroom

a map of China