a田艳恒
非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。
1．不定式和动名词作主语的区别
（1）动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。 Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here．这里禁止抽烟。(抽象)
It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体)
（2）动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
Climbing mountains is interesting．爬山很有趣。(经验)
Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验)
（3）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。 It took me only five minutes to finish the job.
2．不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别
（1）不定式作表语
1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。
To do two things at a time is to do neither．--次做两件事等于未做。 What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。
（2）如果主语是不定式（表示条件），表语也是不定式（表示结果）。 To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。
To work means to earn a living．工作就是为了生活。
（3）如果主语是以aim， duty， hope， idea， happiness， job， plan， problem， purpose， thing， wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明 作用。
His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future．他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。
The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior.
The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant．
（2）动名词作表语：动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。 Our work is serving the people．我们的工作是为人民服务。 His hobby is collecting stamps．他的爱好是集邮。注：动名词作表语时与进行时态中的现在分词形式相同，但其所属结构迥异，进行时态说明动作是由主语完成的。动名词做表语，说明主语的性质或情况。
People cannot but feel puzzled， for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake.
His victory in the final was no more convincing than I had expected．
（3）分词作表语
分词做表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词做表语，一种是过去分词做表语，这两者区别是考试中经常考到的地方。一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite， interest等都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“激动”，“高兴”，而是“使激动”、“使高兴”，因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的”，过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。换句话说，若人对……感兴趣，就是somebody is interested in...,若人/物本身有兴趣时，就是说sb./sth. is interesting.
想鱼的熊
简单来说非谓就是动词不做谓语。因为一句话只能有一个谓语动词，但是一句话通常有很多的动词要出现，所以除了谓语动词其余动语全部要变形处理，变形后的动词就叫做非谓。一般有三种变形 Ving. Ved. To V.
周小蜜99
给你又附了一张非常清楚的表，可以看看，词很多
【V+(sb) do sth】
make sb do sth
have sb do sth
let sb do sth
help sb （to） do sth
see sb do（doing） sth
注意全过程notice do
注意某一个时刻notice doing
hear sb do(to常去掉)sth.意思是听到某人做某事,强调状态，强调此人一直在做事，而hear sb. doing sth.则强调此人正在做某事，强调动作。
【V+(sb) to do sth】
这个实在是太多太多了，基本上除了特殊记+原型和doing的基本都是to do 用法
常用的有
try/get/remeber/forget/continue/stop/want/wish/hope/used...to do sth
其他
enable,cause, consider, suppose, dare, reveal, show, prepare, proclaim, report, judge, prove, love, prefer, trust, believe, help, teach, train, remind, forbid, admit, allow, permit等等。
通常只接不定式(而不是动名词)作宾语的动词有： afford 负担得起 agree 同意 arrange 安排 ask 要求 care 想要 choose 决定 decide 决定 demand 要求 determine 决心 expect 期待 fail 未能 hesitate 犹豫 hope 希望 long 渴望 manage 设法 offer 主动提出 plan 计划 prepare 准备 pretend 假装 promise 答应 refuse 拒绝
acknowledge admit anticipate appreciate avoid consider delay deny dislike enjoy escape excuse ensure fancy involve mind postpone quit recommend resist suggest等。
【V+(sb)/(for)/(from) doing sth】
+doing固定搭配
try/remember/forget/continue/stop...doing sth
finish doing sth.
finish/mind/practise/enjoy/keep doing sth.
stop sb.from doing
look forward to doing sth
like doing
feel like doing
give up doing
can’t help doing
be/get used to doing
be busy doing
be worth doing
have fun/problems/troubles doing
give one’s life to doing
make a contribution to doing
What/How about doing?
be good at doing
物+need+doing
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常见动词有：allow，permit，forbid，advise，suggest(建议）等，其共同特点是：allow/permit/forbid/advise/suggest doing sth(接v-ing做宾语）allow/permit/forbid/advise sb to sth(接代to不定式做宾补）
【V + sb from doing sth】
He was banned from the meeting.他被取消了参加会议的资格。
He was banned from driving for six months.
She`s been banned from leaving Greece.
2. discourage sb from doing sth：
1)阻拦；劝阻
His parents tried to discourage him from being an actor.
2)使灰心；使泄气；使丧失信心
The weather discouraged most people from attending（出席）.
3. deter sb from sth / doing sth 阻止，使不敢
The high price of the service could deter people from seeking advice.
这么高得服务费可能使咨询者望而却步。
4. keep sb（from）doing sth：
1）阻止某人做某事
The church bell kept her from sleeping.
2）忍住；克制自己不做某事
She could hardly keep from laughing.
I juge managed to keep myself from falling.我差一点儿没摔倒。
5. prevent sb (from) doing sth：g阻止某人做某事；阻挠。
He is prevented by law from holding a licence.按法律规定，他不得持有执照。
Nothing would prevented him from speaking out against further injustice.什么也不能阻止他鸣不平。
6. stop sb (from) doing sth：阻止某人做某事；阻挠。
There is nothing to stop you from accepting the offer.
You cannot stop people from saying what they think.
【可以同时用】
一般来讲，to do sth是没做的事情doing sth已经做的事情像stop、continue、remember、forget一类的词，stop to do sth是停下来去做另一件事情，stop doing是停下来你正在做的事情；continue doing sth是继续作某事，continue to do sth是继续作另一件事情...总之理解了的话就可以以此类推
欲做某事用like to do，一直喜欢做某事用like doing
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五星级回答，一定要采纳哦，不要辜负我的辛苦劳动！
【来自英语牛人团】
josephine383
简单的英语句式是主语-谓语-宾语。常见形式是非谓语动词，是对谓语的补充说明。非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词以及分词三种形式。为了区分这三种非谓语动词的用法，我们从它们在句子或者特殊句型中充当的不同成分以及用法等角度来具体比较它们的用法。
Smileの夏天
1 to do 语态表示 主动 发生在谓语动词后2 to be done 被动 发生在谓语动词后3 to have done 主动 在谓语动词发生之前发生4 to have been done 被动 在谓语动词发生之前发生5 to be doing 主动 与谓语动词 同时伴随发生6 to have been doing 主动 在谓语动词发生之前发生 持续到将来才会结束7 being 主动 与谓语动词 同时伴随发生8 being done 被动 与谓语动词 同时伴随发生9 having done 主动 在谓语动词发生之前发生10 having been done 被动 在谓语动词发生之前发生11 done 被动 表示 非谓语动词完成的状态非粘贴 纯原创 禁止转载
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