不懂爱为何物
（一）作定语1. 动词现在分词单独作定语，通常放在所修饰词前。例如：The sleeping boy is Tom.2. 现在分词短语作定语放在所修饰词的后面，意思同定语从句差不多。例如 ：Tell the children playing outside not to make too much noise. = Tell the children who are playing outside not to make too much noise.3. 现在分词可相当于非限制性定语，常用逗号分开。例如：Tom, wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill. = Tom, who is wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill.4. 有时现在分词可以和副词或名词构成复合词作定语。例如：This is an English-speaking country.（二）作表语现在分词作表语多表示主语的特征。如amusing, discouraging, puzzling, refreshing, astonishing, exciting 等。例如：The story is moving.（三）现在分词在句中作宾语补足语，这时现在分词和前面的宾语有逻辑上的“主表”关系或“主谓”关系。例如：We all found his equipment interesting. (主表关系)I saw Mary going upstairs then. (主谓关系)（四）作状语现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语一般是句中的主语，如果不是，需在V-ing 形式前加名词或代词主格作逻辑主语。1. 作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。例如：Being ill, Mary didn't come to school yesterday.2. 作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句。例如：Seeing their teacher coming, the students stopped talking.如果现在分词表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生，常在现在分词前加上when或while。例如：While waiting for the plane, I had a long talk with Simon.3. 作条件状语。V-ing 形式作条件状语时，相当于一个条件状语从句。例如：Working harder, you'll be No. 1 in your class.4. 作让步状语，相当于让步状语从句。例如：Weighing almost two hundred jin, the stone was moved by him alone.5. 作结果状语。例如：He died, leaving nothing but debts.6. 作伴随状语或方式状语。例如：He sat by the roadside, begging.（五） 现在分词的完成式表示它发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前。例如 ：Having finished his homework, he left the classroom.（六） 现在分词的被动式当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，用V-ing 形式的被动式。例如：The factory being built now is a big one.（七） 现在分词的否定形式是由“not + 现在分词”构成。例如：Not having been invited to the party, she had to stay home.
燕园小西
分词分成现在分词、过去分词和完成式分词。大家可能对前2种形式比较熟悉，今天Jason老师再帮大家强化一下。
现在分词
它的形式是动词+ing.
a 进行时态 比如： I am speaking
b 充当形容词 比如：The film is interesting.
c 作为动名词 比如: He is afraid of flying.
当动词后面加ing时，如果遇到e结尾，把e去掉加ing,比如: come – coming
但是如果有2个e时，比如 agree - agreeing 这时不做变化。
重读闭音节，结尾的辅音双写，比如 sit – sitting
英式英语中，元音后加l结尾的单词变形时通常双写l,比如：travel – travelling
以ie结尾的词把e变成y,比如：lie – lying
现在分词与come, go和 sit搭配的情况：
比如：Lindasatcrying on the sofa.
与感官动词feel, find, hear, listen to, notice, see, smell, watch等搭配使用：
比如： Did youseehim dancing?
如果2个动词有共同的主语：
She left the house and whistled.
就可以变成 She left the house whistling.
2 过去分词
a 完成时态中：I have spoken.
b 被动语态中： The letter was written.
c 充当形容词：I was bored to death.
过去分词的形式通常是动词+ed，当然也有特殊情况：
以e结尾时，只加d,比如：love – loved
重读闭音节： admit – admitted
元音后+l结尾时，双写l,比如：travel – travelled
以辅音+y结尾的词把y变成i,比如:hurry – hurried
缩短或者合并具有共同主语的被动分句：
The boy was given an apple. He stopped crying.
可以变成：Given an apple, the boy stopped crying.
完成式分词的用法，我们下次再探讨。
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