初中中考英语

(1)结果状语从句由so…that, such…that, so that引导。例如：

He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son.

She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.

My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn’t see it.

(2)so…that语such...that可以互换。例如：

在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “...so + 形容词(副词)+ that + 从句”。例如：

He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word.

The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.

Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.

在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词;名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：

It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.

He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.

He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.

有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如：

It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.

=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.

It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.

=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.

(3)如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such。例如：

Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.

He has so little time that he can’t go to the cinema with you.

加es构成复数的名词：

beach—beaches

box—boxes

class—classes

glass—glasses

hero—heroes

match—matches

potato—potatoes

sandwich—sandwiches

tomato—tomatoes

watch—watches

将f或fe改为v加es构成复数的'名词：

knife—knives

leaf—leaves

life—lives

shelf—shelves

wife—wives

wolf—wolves

复数变化不规则的名词：

child—children

Chinese—chinese

fireman—firemen

fish—fish/fishes

foot—feet

Japanese—Japanese

man—men

mouse—mice

policeman—policemen

postman—plstmen

salesman—salesmen

sheep—sheep

tooth—teeth

woman—women

被动语态由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成，助动词be有时态，人称和数的变化。被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be动词后面的过去分词不变。

1、各种时态的被动语态结构如下：

一般现在时的被动语态：

主语+am / is / are (not)+过去分词

一般过去时的被动语态：

主语+was / were +过去分词

现在完成时的被动语态：

主语+have / has +been +过去分词

一般将来时的被动语态：

主语+will +be +过去分词

过去将来时的被动语态：

主语+would / should + be +过去分词

过去进行时的被动语态：

主语+was / were + being +过去分词

过去完成时的被动语态：

主语+had + been +过去分词

情态动词的被动语态：

情态动词+be+过去分词

2、被动语态的用法

(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，不用by+动作执行者短语。

Football is played widely all over the world。

全世界都广泛地踢足球。

(2)强调动作的承受者。

The bank was robbed yesterday afternoon。

昨天下午这家银行遭到抢劫。

(3)作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型。

It is reported that about twenty children have died of flu in the USA。

据报道美国大约二十名儿童死于流感。