使用英语现在分词

一、现在分词的两个基本特点. 1.在时间上表示动作正在进行.例如：a developing country.一个发展中的国家,boiling water 沸水,rising sun 冉冉升起的太阳.（试比较：a developed country 一个发达国家,boiled water 白开水,risen sun 升起的太阳） 2.在语态上表示主动.例如：the ruling class 统治阶级,the exploiting class 剥削阶级.（试比较：the ruled class 被统治阶级,the exploited class 被剥削阶级） 二、掌握现在分词的基本功能. 1.现在分词作定语,表示正在进行的或主动的动作.也可以说明被修饰词的性质和特征,此时可换成相应的定语从句.例如： ① There was a terrible noise ___________ the sudden burst of light.(MET 1989) A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followed 分析：B .表示主动的动作,句意是：雷声跟着闪电.此处的 following ＝ which followed . ② He saw a ________ bird and raised his bow. A.fly B.flying C.flew D.to be flying 分析：B .表示正在进行的动作,句意是：正在飞的鸟.此处的 a flying bird ＝ a bird which was flying . ③ I was satisfied with the _________ speech. A.excite B.exciting C.excited D.be excited 分析：B .表示被修饰词 speech 的性质和特征,此处的 the exciting speech ＝ the speech that/which was exciting . 2.现在分词作状语时,可作时间、条件、结果、原因和伴随状语,表示正在进行的或主动的动作.此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语,因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性.例如： ① The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,____________ that he had enjoyed his stay here.(NMET 1994) A.having added B.to add C.adding D.added 分析：C .句意：来访的大臣表示了对谈判的满意,同时又补充说道他呆在这里很愉快.adding 作伴随状语,表示主动的动作.所以应用现在分词作伴随状语. ② European football is played in more than 80 countries,__________ it the most popular sport in the world.(NMET 1998) A.making B.makes C.made D.to make 分析：A .句意：欧式足球在 80 多个国家开展,其结果是它使欧式足球成为世界上最受欢迎的体育运动.making 是现在分词作结果状语. ③ ________ from the top of the hill,we can find that the city looks more beautiful. A.Seeing B.Seen C.Saw D.To be seeing 分析：A .Seeing 是逻辑主语就是主句的主语 we ,表示正在进行的主动动作. 3.现在分词作补足语,表示正在进行的或主动的动作.例如： ① Soon they could see the steam _________ from the wet clothes. A.rise B.rising