教条主义英文

“修正主义”，英文是：

Revisionism

读音：英 [rɪˈvɪʒənɪzəm]；美  [rɪˈvɪʒənɪzəm]

注解：“修正“（拉丁文reisio）的含义是“修改、重新审查”。修正主义，是在共产主义运动之中歪曲、篡改、否定马克思主义的一类资产阶级思潮和政治势力，是国际工人运动中打着马克思主义旗号反对马克思主义的机会主义思潮。修正主义产生于十九世纪九十年代。

pragmatismA movement consisting of varying but associated theories, originally developed by Charles S. Peirce and William James and distinguished by the doctrine that the meaning of an idea or a proposition lies in its observable practical consequences.empiricism The theory that all concepts emanate from experience and that all statements claiming to express knowledge must be based on experience rather than on theory. Valid statements must be based on what can be proved to exist, not on what appears to exist. This is known as ontological privilege since ontology relates to the being or essence of things. Such statements must be able to be declared true or false without reference to theoretical statements. This is epistemological privilege since epistemology is the study of knowledge. Knowledge is held to be substantiated by justification derived from observed facts.rationalism Philosophical view that regards reason as the chief source and test of knowledge. Rationalism has long been the rival of empiricism, the doctrine that all knowledge of matters of fact ultimately derives from, and must be tested by, sense experience. As against this doctrine, rationalism holds reason to be a faculty that can lay hold of truths beyond the reach of sense perception, both in certainty and in generality. In stressing the existence of a "natural light," rationalism also has been the rival of systems claiming esoteric knowledge, whether from mystical experience, revelation, or intuition, and has been opposed to various irrationalisms that tend to stress the biological, the emotional or volitional, the unconscious, or the existential at the expense of the rational.absolutism Originally (1733) a theological concept referring to God's total power to decide about salvation. Extended to politics indicating a regime in which the ruler might legitimately decide anything. Usually applied to monarchical regimes of the early modern period, chiefly that of Louis XIV of France, although the term was not used politically until towards the end of the eighteenth century when many such regimes were about to disappear. Unlike tyrannies, absolutist regimes are usually seen to have been legitimate, as indicated by Louis XVI of France in November 1788, just before the French Revolution, when he said to his cousin, the duc d'Orléans (father of the future king Louis Philippe, 1830-48), that any decision he made was legal because he willed it. Some contemporary historians deny that absolutism ever referred to an unlimited power or authority, but was always restricted by traditions and practices which effectively limited its scope.DogmatismDogmatism denies the relativity of knowledge and the connection of knowledge to historically changing practice and social relations. Dogmatism couplies these denials with the practice of treating knowledge as something abstract, not to be touched by additional input or real world experience. Dogmatism is thinking which minimises the validity of doubt (See Scepticism), asserting the possibility of certain and unalterable knowledge of the world.

英语教条主义怎么说？What's Dogmatism in English?