大学英语u3

Unit1 PassageA1任何年满18岁的人都有资格投票(vote)。(be eligible to)Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote.2.每学期开学前，这些奖学金的申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for, scholarship)A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to each student before the start of each semester.3. 遵照医生的建议，我决定戒烟。(on the advice of)On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking.4.公园位于县城的正中央。(be located in)The park is located right in the center of town.5.这所大学提供了我们所需的所有材料和设备。(facilities)The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire.PssageB1. 他内心深处知道，他们永远也不会再见了。(in one’s heart)He knew in his heart that they would never meet again.2.他们同意出版他的第一本书后，他终于感到自己快要成功了。(on the road to)He finally felt that he was on the road to success after they agreed to publish his first book.3.他停下来喝了一口(a sip of)水，然后继续讲话。(resume)He stopped to take a sip of water and then resumed speaking.4.这个大项目使我们忙得今年都无法安排一次度假了。(engage; so much that)The big project engages us so much that we can’t manage to take a holiday this year.5.氧气(oxygen)是气体中最重要的一种，正如水是液体中最重要的一种一样。(just as)Just as water is the most important of liquids, oxygen is the most important of gases.Unit2PassageA1. 警察们正忙着填写关于这场事故的各种表格。(fill out)The policemen are busy filling out forms about the accident.2.我想在还车之前把油箱(fuel tank)加满。(fill up)I want to fill up the fuel tank before returning the car.3.如果你要投诉，最好遵循正确的程序。(follow the procedure)If you want to make a complaint, you’d better follow the correct procedure.4.要不是约翰帮忙，我们绝不会这么快就完成实验。(without)We couldn’t have finished the experiment so soon without John’s help.5.暴风雨之后，岸边的人们焦急地搜索湖面以期发现小船的踪迹。(scan for)After the storm, the people on the shore anxiously scanned the lake for any sign of the boatPassageB1.没有身份证(ID card)我不能放任何人进来，但对你来说是例外(exception)。(in one’s case)I’m not supposed to let anyone in without an ID card, but I’ll make an exception in your case.2.他已经从失败中汲取教训，不会犯同样的错误。(learn a lesson from)He has learned his lesson from the failure and won’t repeat the mistake.3.我对你的能力很有信心，相信你一定能成功。(have faith in)I have great faith in your ability — I’m sure you’ll succeed.4.即使下着雨，我们还是继续比赛。(even though)Even though it was raining, we still went on with our match.5.我醒过来时，发现自己躺在医院的床上。(find oneself doing)I woke up to find myself lying on a hospital bed.Unit3PassageA1.我们需要通过减少道路上的车辆以降低燃料消耗。(consumption)We need to cut down on our fuel consumption by having fewer cars on the road.2.电费上涨增加了我们的负担。(add to)The rise in power costs has added to our burden.3.你应该自己判断行事，别总是跟在你哥哥的后面。(follow the lead)You should judge by yourself, and not always follow your brother’s lead.4.那种发型今年很流行，但是我想明年就会过时。(in fashion)That hairstyle is in fashion this year, but I am afraid it will be out of fashion next year.5.在追求真理的过程中，我们注定(fate to)要遭受失败的痛苦。(in one’s quest for)We are fated to suffer from many failures in our quest for truth.PassageB1.我发现量入为出地过日子越来越难了。(increasingly)I find it increasingly difficult to live within my income.2.现代政治家们都试图以电视讲话来影响普通百姓。(reach out)Modern politicians try to reach out to ordinary people in their TV speeches.3.应该帮助学生对人生采取积极的态度。(adopt)Pupils should be helped to adopt a positive attitude to life.4.希望全班同学参加这些讨论。(participate in)Everyone in the class is expected to participate in these discussions.5.如果你犯了罪就必须受到惩罚。(crime)If you commit a crime you must expect to be punished.Unit4PassageA1.她在公共汽车站一直等到末班车进站。(come in)She waited at the bus stop until the last bus came in.2.如果我们能帮得上忙，尽管和我们联系。(contact)If there is any way we can be of assistance, please do not hesitate to contact us.3.他需要多少船务人员才能使他的游艇(yacht)航行？(crew)How many crew does he need to sail his yacht?4.虽然她的新书没有上一本好，但是我还是喜欢它。(not quite as)I enjoyed her new book though it’s not quite as good as her last one.5.我从未遇到过如此善良的人。(never before)Never before have I met such a kind person.PassageB.公共汽车放慢速度并停下，让那位乘客上车。(slow down)The bus slowed down and stopped to allow the passenger to get on board.2.许多车子都驶过去了，可是没有一辆愿意让我们搭便车。(roll by)Many vehicles rolled by, but no one offered us a ride.3.请勿践踏草地。(get off)Please get off the grass.4.他按妻子的吩咐，一下班就去了市场。(make one’s way)He made his way to the marketplace right after work, as his wife had asked him to do.5.值得庆幸的是，史蒂夫(Steve)从自行车上摔下来时没有摔断骨头。(luckily)Luckily, Steve didn’t break any bones when he fell off his bike.Unit5PassageA1.我们得把感情放在一边，从专业的(professional)角度来对待这件事。(from a...standpoint)We have to put aside our emotions and take it from a professional standpoint.2.这部戏非常精彩，我很快就沉浸于激动人心的剧情之中。(lose oneself in)The play was so wonderful that I soon lost myself in the excitement of it.3. 她没有什么爱好 —— 除非你把看电视也算是一种爱好。(unless)She hasn’t got any hobbies — unless you call watching TV a hobby.4.他说他是直接从市长本人那里得到这个信息的。(first-hand)He said that he had got the information first-hand from the Mayor himself.5.既然你不能回答这个问题，我们最好问问别人。(since)Since you can’t answer the question, perhaps we’d better ask someone elsePassageB1.由于公共汽车司机突然刹车(brake)，旅客们都不由自主地向前摔倒。(pitch forward)All the passengers pitched forward because the bus driver braked sharply.2.这个协议将冲破对自由贸易设置的障碍。(break through; obstacle)This agreement will break through the obstacles to free trade.3.我刚放下叫出租车的电话，车就来了。(soon after)The taxi arrived soon after I rang for it.4.在过去不管我什么时候到家，我父母总会等我。(no matter)My parents always waited up for me no matter what time I got home.5.由于没有一方愿意让步，两个公司之间的对话完全破裂了。(break down)Talks between the two countries completely broke down, because neither of them wanted to give in.Unit6PassageA1.那件工作很难做，不过我想试试看。(have a shot)It’s a difficult job, but I’d like to have a shot.2.这是一本关于商务实践而非理论的书。(as opposed to)This is a book about business practice as opposed to theory.3. 社会活动从未耽误她的学习。(in the way)Social activities never get in the way of her studies.4.直到1911年人们才发现第一种维生素(vitamin)。(It is not until...that)It was not until 1911 that the first of the vitamins was identified.5.很明显，自然灾害是造成这个国家经济危机的原因。(crisis)Natural disasters have obviously contributed to the country’s economic crisisPassageB1.我们的婚姻很幸福，但我们也曾经历过许多坎坷。(ups and downs)Our marriage is happy but we’ve had many ups and downs.2.许多外语教师常常在课堂上自己讲得太多。(be inclined to)Many teachers of foreign languages are inclined to talk too much themselves in class.3.那位著名演员每天早晨锻炼一小时以保持健康。(work out)The famous actor keeps fit by working out for an hour every morning.4.与他促膝长谈之后，她的怀疑消失了。(melt away)After a long heart-to-heart talk with him, her suspicion melted away.5.目前我们没有职位空缺 (vacancy)，但我们肯定会记住您的申请。(keep in mind)We have no vacancies now, but we’ll certainly keep your application in mind.Unit7PassageA1. 他并不后悔说过的话，只是觉得他完全可以不用这种方式表达。(could have done)He did not regret what he had said but felt that he could have expressed it differently.2.我们最好等到12月14日。那时大卫已考完试，就能和我们一起去度假了。(will have done)We’d better wait till 14 December. David will have had his exam by then, so he’ll be able to go on holiday with us.3. 他正在做一个新项目，年底前必须完成。(work on)He’s working on a new project which has to be finished by the end of the year.4.他们让我们使用他们的实验室，作为回报，我们则让他们分享研究成果。(in return)They are letting us use their lab, and in return, we are sharing with them the results of our research.5.诸如打电话，听电话一类的事情占用了这位秘书的大部分时间。(take up)Such things as making and answering telephone calls take up most of the secretary’s time.PassageB1他们把房子卖了后就到加拿大和女儿住一起。（go off）They sold there house and went off to live in Canada with their daughter.2---你下星期这个时候会干什么？---还是像平常一样干活。（will be doing）----What will you be doing this time next week?---I’ll be working as usual.3他既聪明又勤奋，不久就接管了杂志的编辑工作。（before long）He was intelligent and hard-working ang before long took over the editing of the magazine.4你话还没说完别人就挂断电话，难道你不恼火吗？（hang up）Don’t you hate it when someone hangs up on you before you finish speaking?5让他们感到恐惧的是，他们的房顶着火了。（to one’s horror）To there horror, the roof of there house caught fire.Unit8PassageA1.为了追求更为健康的饮食，人们现在比过去吃鱼多。(in pursuit of)In pursuit of a healthier diet, people are eating more fish than they used to.2.我们需要在坏天气到来之前叫人把屋顶修一修。(set in)We need to have the roof repaired before the bad weather sets in.3.这种疾病正在蔓延，所有儿童都有被传染的危险。(at risk)The disease is spreading, and all young children are at risk.4.信息通过电话线从一台电脑传到另一台电脑。(transmit)The information is transmitted from one computer to another through a telephone line.5.杰克是个相当好的赛跑运动员。他在大多数情况下都能获胜。(more often than not)Jack is a fairly good runner. He wins more often than not.PassageB1.如果你删掉50个字，我们就可以把整个故事排在一页纸上。(delete)If you delete 50 words, we can put the whole story on one page.2.由那位著名拳击手亲笔签名(signature)的拳击手套正在展出。(bear)On display were boxing gloves which bore the famous boxer’s signature.3.我们想不通他怎么会干出那样的傻事。(figure out, dumb)We can’t figure out why he did such a dumb thing.4.约翰逊一家对我很好，使我感到就像他们家的一员。(feel like)The Johnsons were very kind to me. They made me feel like one of the family.5.他们说，想就合同的细节和你谈谈。(in connection with)They say they want to talk to you in connection with the details of the contract

Unit 3TextEvery teacher probably asks himself time and again: What are theeasons for choosing teaching as a career? 也许每位教师都一再问过自己：为什么选择教书作为自己的职业?Do the rewards teaching outweigh the trying comments? Answering these questions is not a simple task. Let's see what the author says. 教书得到的回报是否使老师的烦恼显得不值得多谈?回答这些问题并非易事。让我们看看本文的作者说了些什么。Why I Teach 我为什么当教师Peter G. BeidlerWhy do you teach? My friend asked the question when I told him that I didn't want to be considered for an administrative position. 你为什么要教书呢? 当我告诉一位朋友我不想谋求行政职务时，他便向我提出这一问题。He was puzzled that I did not want what was obviously a "step up" toward what all Americans are taught to want when they grow up: money and power. 所有美国人受的教育是长大成人后应该追求金钱和权力，而我却偏偏不要明明是朝这个目标“迈进”的工作，他为之大惑不解。Certainly I don't teach because teaching is easy for me. 当然，我之所以教书不是因为我觉得教书轻松。Teaching is the most difficult of the various ways I have attempted to earn my living: mechanic, carpenter, writer. 我做过各种各样的工作，籍ring than usual. 说精神沮丧，这是因为我1小时后走出教室时，确信这堂课上得比平常还要平淡无味。Nor do I teach because I think I know answers, or because I have knowledge I feel compelled to share. 我之所以教书，也不是因为我认为自己能够解答问题，或者因为我有满腹学问，觉得非与别人分享不可。Sometimes I am amazed that my students actually take notes on what I say in class! 有时我感到很惊异，学生竟真的把我课上讲的东西做了笔记!Why, then, do I teach? 这样说来，我为什么还要教书呢?I teach because I like the pace of the academic calendar. June, July, and August offer an opportunity for reflection, research and writing. 我教书，是因为我喜爱校历的步调。6月、7月和8月提供了一个供思考、研究和创作的机会。I teach because teaching is a profession built on change. When the material is the same, I change —— and, more important, my students change. 我教书，是因为教学是建立在“变化”这一基础上的职业。教材还是原来的教材，但我自身却变化了--更重要的是，我的学生变化了。I teach because I like the freedom to make my own mistakes, to learn my own lessons, to stimulate myself and my students. 我教书，是因为我喜欢有让自己犯错误的自由，有让自己吸取教训的自由，有激励自己和激励学生的自由。As a teacher, I'm my own boss. If I want my freshmen to learn to write by creating their own textbook, who is to say I can't? 作为教师，我可以自行做主。如果我想要求一年级学生通过自行编写课本的办法来学习写作，谁能说我不可以那样做呢?Such courses may be huge failures, but we can all learn from failures. 这样的课程也许会彻底失败，但我们都可以从失败的尝试中获得教益。 I teach because I like to ask questions that students must struggle to answer. 我教书，是因为我喜欢向学生提出必须绞尽脑汁才能回答的问题。The world is full of right answers to bad questions. While teaching, I sometimes find good questions. 我们这个世界有无穷无尽的正确答案来对付拙劣的问题。何况我在教学过程中有时也会想到一些出色的问题。I teach because I enjoy finding ways of getting myself and my students out of the ivory tower and into the real world. 我教书，是因为我喜欢想方设法使自己和我的学生从象牙塔里走出来，步入现实世界。 I once taught a course called "Self-Reliance in a Technological Society." My 15 students read Emerson, Thoreau, and Huxley. They kept diaries. They wrote term papers. 我曾经开过一门叫做“在工业技术社会里如何自力更生”的课程。我教的15位学生读了爱默生、梭洛和赫胥黎的作品，记了日记，还写了学期论文。But we also set up a corporation, borrowed money, purchased a run-down house and practiced self-reliance by renovating it. 但除此而外，我们还办起一个公司，借钱买下一所破旧的房屋，通过对这一建筑物的整修翻新，我们就自力更生这一课题进行了一次实践活动。 At the end of the semester, we sold the house, repaid our loan, paid our taxes, and distributed the profits among the group. 在期末我们把房子卖掉，还清贷款，缴了税，余下的收益分给了参加实践的学生。 So teaching gives me pace, and variety, and challenge, and the opportunity to keep on learning. 所以说，教学使我的工作进程有了规律，使我的生活变得丰富多彩，教学向我提出了挑战，也给了我不断学习的机会。I have left out, however, the most important reasons why I teach. 不过，我要教书的最重要的几个原因还没有讲到呢。One is Vicky. My first doctoral student, Vicky was an energetic student who labored at her dissertation on a little-known 14th century poet. 其中一个原因与维基有关。维基是我的第一个博士生。她精力充沛，孜孜不倦地撰写她那篇论述14世纪一位不知名诗人的学位论文。 She wrote articles and sent them off to learned journals. She did it all herself, with an occasional nudge from me. 她写过一些文章，寄给了学术刊物。这一切都由她独立完成，我偶尔从旁略加指点。But I was there when she finished her dissertation, learned that her articles were accepted, got a job and won a fellowship to Harvard working on a book developing ideas she'd first had as my student. 我亲眼看到了她完成论文，看到了她得悉自己的文章被采用，亲眼目睹她找到了工作并获得了在哈佛大学当研究员的职位，著书论述她在做我学生时萌发的思想。Another reason is George, who started as an engineering student, then switched to English because he decided he liked people better than things. 另一个原因与乔治有关。他开始学的是工程学，后来他深信自己爱人胜过爱物，所以改学英语。There is Jeanne, who left college, but was brought back by her classmates because they wanted her to see the end of the self-reliance house project. 还有珍妮。她中途辍学，但是她的同学把她拉了回来。因为他们想让她看到自力更生整修旧房子这一项目的结果。 I was there when she came back. I was there when she told me that she later became interested in the urban poor and went on to become a civil rights lawyer. 我亲眼看到她回来了。我亲耳听到她对我说，她后来对城市贫民产生了兴趣，继而成了捍卫公民权的律师。There is Jacqui, a cleaning woman who knows more by intuition than most of us learn by analysis. 还要提一提清洁女工杰基。她凭直觉了解的事情比我们多数人通过分析弄清的东西还要多。Jacqui has decided to finish high school and go to college. 杰基已经决定读完中学，然后还要上大学。These are the real reasons I teach, these people who grow and change in front of me. 这些在我眼前成长、变化的人，便是我要当教师的真正原因。Being a teacher is being present at the creation, when the clay begins to breathe. 当一名教师意味着是创造的见证人，他目睹人体开始呼吸，开始了生命。A "promotion" out of teaching would give me money and power. But I have money. “升职了”，不再教书了，也许会给我带来金钱和权力。 I get paid to do what I enjoy: reading, talking with people, and asking question like, "What is the point of being rich?" 可是我现在也有钱。我拿了薪金去做自己乐意做的事：读书、交谈、提问，比如问：“做个富翁有什么意思呢?”And I have power. I have the power to nudge, to fan sparks, to suggest books, to point out a pathway. What other power matters? 我现在还有权呢。我有权启迪，有权激发才智，有权开出书目，有权指点迷津。还有其他什么权力更值得考虑呢?But teaching offers something besides money and power: it offers love. 但教书还会带来金钱和权力以外的东西：那便是爱。Not only the love of learning and of books and ideas, but also the love that a teacher feels for that rare student who walks into a teacher's life and begins to breathe. 不仅是爱学习、爱书本、爱思想，而且还有老师对出类拔萃的学生的爱。这样的学生走进了老师的生活，老师自己也开始成长了。Perhaps love is the wrong word: magic might be better. “爱”这个字也许用得不恰当：用“魔力”可能更为贴切。I teach because, being around people who are beginning to breathe, I occasionally find myself catching my breath with them. 我教书，是因为在与开始成长的学生朝夕相处时，我有时感到自己也和他们一起开始成长了。And I have power. I have the power to nudge, to fan sparks, to suggest books, to point out a pathway. What other power matters? 我现在还有权呢。我有权启迪，有权激发才智，有权开出书目，有权指点迷津。还有其他什么权力更值得考虑呢? But teaching offers something besides money and power: it offers love. 但教书还会带来金钱和权力以外的东西：那便是爱。Not only the love of learning and of books and ideas, but also the love that a teacher feels for that rare student who walks into a teacher's life and begins to breathe. 不仅是爱学习、爱书本、爱思想，而且还有老师对出类拔萃的学生的爱。这样的学生走进了老师的生活，老师自己也开始成长了。Perhaps love is the wrong word: magic might be better. “爱”这个字也许用得不恰当：用“魔力”可能更为贴切。I teach because, being around people who are beginning to breathe, I occasionally find myself catching my breath with them. 我教书，是因为在与开始成长的学生朝夕相处时，我有时感到自己也和他们一起开始成长了。希望对你有用！