春暖花开cai
中药名称大全按条件查中药按归经按拼音按功效按药性按药味按药用部位灯心草2018-07-02【中药名】灯心草 dengxincao【别名】灯心、虎须草、灯草、秧草、铁灯心。【英文名】Medulla Junci灯心草科植物灯心草Juncus effusus L_的茎髓。【植物形态】多年生草本。根茎横走,具多数须根。茎圆筒状,外具明显条纹,淡绿色。无茎生叶,基部具鞘状叶。复聚伞花序,假侧生,由多数小花密聚成簇;花淡绿色,花被6,2轮,裂片针形,背面被柔毛,边缘膜质;雄蕊3,较花被短;花柱不明显,柱头3枚。蒴果卵状三棱形或椭圆形,先端钝,淡黄褐色。花期5~6月,果期7~8月。【产地分布】生于水旁或沼泽边缘潮湿地带。我国各地均有分布。主产于江苏。秋季采收,割取茎部晒干,或将茎皮纵向剖开,去皮取髓,晒干。【药材性状】圆柱形,长达90多厘米,直径1~3毫米,表面黄色或淡黄白色,有细纵纹。放大镜下观察,有隆起皱纹及海绵状细小孔隙。体轻,质软如海绵状,略有弹性,易拉断,
ChenYeZhang
一些常见的中草药英语词汇
中医承载着中国古代人民同疾病作斗争的经验和理论知识,是在古代朴素的.唯物论和自发的辨证法思想指导下,通过长期医疗实践逐步形成并发展成的医学理论体系。学习中医,怎么能不认识中草药。下面是我整理的一些中草药英语词汇,欢迎阅读!
Pagodatree Flower Bud Flos Sophorae Immaturus 槐米
Pagodatree Pod Fructus Sophorae 槐角
Pale Butterflybush Flower Flos Buddlejae 密蒙花
Panicled Fameflower Root Radix Talini Paniculati 土人参
Paniculate Swallowwort Root Radix Cynanchi Paniculati 徐长卿
Papaya Fructus Caricae 番木瓜
Papermulberry Fruit Fructus Broussonetiae 楮实子
Patience Dock Root Radix Rumicis Patientiae 牛西西
Pedunculate Acronychia Wood Lignum Acronychiae 沙塘木
Peking Euphorbia Root Radix Euphorbiae Pekinensis 京大戟
Pepper Fructus Piperis 胡椒
Pepper Wort Herb Herba Marsileae Quadrifoliae 田字草
Perfoliote Knotweed Herb Herba Polygoni Perfoliati 杠板归
Perilla Leaf Folium Perillae 紫苏叶
Perilla Stem Caulis Perillae 紫苏梗
Persimmon Calyx and Receptacle
Pevuvian Apple Herb Herba Nicandrae Physaloidis 冰粉
Philippine Flemingia Root Radix Flemingiae Philippinensis 千金拔
Phoenix Tree Seed Semen Firmianae 梧桐子
Pillbug Armadillidium 鼠妇虫
Pine Leaf Folium Pini 松毛
Pine Nodular Branch Lignum Pini Nodi 油松节
Pine Pollen Pollen Pini 松花粉
Pink Herb Herba Dianthi 瞿麦
Pink Plumepoppy Herb Herba Macleayae Cordatae 博落回
Pink Reineckea Herb Herba Reineckeae Carneae 吉祥草
Pipe fish Syngnathus 海龙
Plant Soot Fuligo Plantae 百草霜
Plantain Herb Herba Plantaginis 车前草
Platycladi Seed Semen Platycladi 柏子仁
Poisonous Buttercup Herb Herba Ranunculi Scelerati 石龙芮
Pokeberry Root Radix Phytolaccae 商陆
Pomegranate Rind Pericarpium Granati 石榴皮
Prepared Common Monkshood Daughter Root Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata 附子
Prepared Salt Sal Preparatum 秋石
Pricklyash Peel Fructus Zanthoxyli 花椒
Prince's-feather Fruit Fructus Polygoni Orientalis 水荭花子
Prince's-feather Herb Herba Polygoni Orientalis 荭草
Puberulous Glochidion Herb Herba Glochidii Puberi 算盘子
Pubescent Holly Root Radix Ilicis Pubescentis 毛冬青
Pubescent Pepper Herb Herba Piperis Puberuli 毛
Japan Clover Herb Herba Kummerowiae Striatae 鸡眼草
Japanese Ampelopsis Root Radix Ampelopsis 白蔹
Japanese Ardisia Herb Herba Ardisiae Japonicae 矮地茶
Japanese Buttercup Herb Herba Ranunculi Jponici 毛茛
Japanese Cayratia Herb Herba Cayatiae Japonicae 乌蔹莓
Japanese Climbing Fern Spore Spora Lygodii 海金沙
Japanese Dock Root Radix Rumicis Japonici 羊蹄
JapaneseFloweringFernRhizome Rhizoma Osmundae 紫萁贯众
Japanese Ginseng Rhizoma Panacis Japonici 竹节参
Japanese Honeysuckle Stem Caulis Lonicerae 忍冬藤
Japanese Hop Herb Herba Humuli Scandentis 路草
Japanese Metaplexis Pericarp Pericarpium Metaplexis 天浆壳
Japanese Milkwort Herb Herba Polygalae Japonicae 瓜子金
Japanese Pachysandra Herb Herba Pachysandrae Terminalis 雪山林
Japanese Peristrophe Herb Herba Peristrophes 九头狮子草
Japanese Polypody Rhizome Rhizoma Polypodiodis Nipponicae 水龙骨
Japanese Premna Herb Herba Premnae Microphyllae 腐婢
Japanese Raspberry Root Radix Rubi Parvifolii 天青地白
Japanese Snailseed Root Radix Cocculi Trilobi 木防己
Japanese Snakegourd Root Radix Trichosanthis Cucumeroidis 王瓜根
Japanese St. John'swort Herb Herba Hyperici Japonici 田基黄
Japanese Stephania Root Radix Stephaniae Japonicae 千金藤
Japanese Thistle Herb or Root Herba seu Radix Cirsii Japonici 大蓟
Japanese Wormwood Herb Herba Artemisiae Japonicae 牡蒿
Japonese Pearlwort Herb Herba Saginae Japonicae 漆姑草
Japonica China Fern Rhizome Rhizoma Woodwardiae 狗脊贯众
Jiuxiang Bug Aspongopus 九香虫
Kadsura Pepper Stem Caulis Piperis Kadsurae 海风藤
Kadsura Root-bark Cortex Kadsurae Radicis 紫荆皮
Katsumade Galangal Seed Semen Alpiniae 草豆蔻
Kelp Thallus Laminariae 昆布
Kirilow Groundsel Herb Herba Senecionis Kirilowi 狗舌草
Knoxia Root Radix Knoxiae 红大戟
Korean Monkshood Root Radix Aconiti Coreani 关白附
Kusamaki Seed Semen Podocarpi Macrophylli 罗汉松
Kusnezoff Monkshood Root Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii 草乌
Lac Lacca 紫草茸
Laciniate Kalanchoe Herb Herba Kalanchoes Lacinialae 鸡爪三七
Ladybell Root Radix Adenophorae 南沙参
Lalang Grass Rhizome Rhizoma Imperatae 白茅根
Lance Asiabell Root Radix Codonopsis Lanceolatae 羊乳
Lancelesf Lily Bulb / Greenish Lily Bulb / Low Lily Bulb Bulbus Lilii 百合
Langdu Root Radix Euphorbiae Fischerianae/ 狼毒
Largeflower Jasmine Flower Flos Jasmini 素馨花
Largetrifoliolious Bugbane Rhizome Rhizoma Cimicifugae 升麻
Lawn Pennywort Herb Herba Hydrocotyles 天胡荽
Leatherleaf Mahonia Stem Chinese Mahonia Stem Culis Mahoniae 功劳木
Leech Hirudo 水蛭
Lemonfragrant Angelica Root Radix Angelicae Citriodorae 香白芷
Lemongrass Herb Herba Cymbopogonis Citrati 香茅
Lepidogrammitis Herb Herba Lepidogrammitidis Drymoglossoidis 鱼鳖草
Lesser Galangal Rhizome Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum 高良姜
Levant Cotton Root Radix Gossypii 棉花根
Lilac Daphne Flower Bud Flos Genkwa 芫花
Lilyofthevalley Herb Herba Convallariae 铃兰
Limonite Limonitum 禹余粮
Lindley Butterflybush Herb Herba Buddlejae Lindleyanae 醉鱼草
Lindley Eupatorium Herb Herba Eupatorii Lindleyani 野马追
Linear Leaf Speedwell Herba Veronicae 一支香
Linear Stonecrop Herb Herba Sedi Linearis 佛假草
Linearstripe Rabdosia Herb Herba Rabdosiae Lophanthoidis 溪黄草
Lithargite Lithargyrum 密陀僧
Little Multibanded Krait Bungarus Parvus 金钱白花蛇
Littleleaf Indianmulberry Herb Herba Morindae Parvifoliae 白眼藤
Lobed Actinostemma Herb Herba Actinstemmatis Lobati 盒子草
Lobedfruit SchizocapsaRhizome Rhizoma Schizocapsae Plantagineae 水田七
Long Pepper Fructus Piperis Longi 筚茇
Long Stephania Herb Herba Stephania Longae 粪箕笃
Longhairy Antenoron Herb Herba Lysimachiae 金钱草
Long-nosed Pit Viper Agkistrodon 蕲蛇
Longstamen Onion Bulb Bulbus Allii Macrostemi 薤白
Longtube Ground Ivy Herb Herba Glechomae 连钱草
Lotus Leaf Folium Nelumbinis 荷叶
Lotus Plumule Plumula Nelumbinis 莲子心
Lotus Rhizome Node Nodus Nelumbinis Rhizomatis 藕节
Lotus Seed Pot Receptaculum Nelumbinis 莲房
Lotus Stamen Stamen Nelumbinis 莲须
Lovely Hemsleya Root Radix Hemsleyae 雪胆
Lowdaphne Stringbush Flower and Leaf Flos et Folium Wikstroemiae Chamaedaphnis 黄芫花
Luckynut Thevetia Seed Semen Thevetiae 黄花夹竹桃
Lunate Peltate Sundew Herb Herba Droserae Lunatae 茅膏菜
Lushan Mountain Barberry Root Radix Berberidis Virgetori 刺黄莲
Lychee Seed Semen Litchi 荔枝核
Madagascar Periwinkle Herb Herba Catharanthi Rosei 长春花
Maifanite Maifanitum 麦饭石
Malaytea Scurfpea Fruit Fructus Psoraleae 补骨脂
Male Fern Rhizome Rhizoma Dryopteridis 绵马贯众
Manchurian Lilac Bark Cortex Syringae 暴马子皮
Manchurian Rhododendron Leaf Folium Rhododendri Micranthi 照山白
Manchurian Tubergourd Fruit Fructus Thladianthae Dubiae 赤袍子
Manshurian Dutchmanspipe Stem Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis 关木通
Manyflower Gueldenstaedtid Herb Herba Gueldenstaedtiae Multiflorae 甜地丁
ManyflowerSolomonsealRhizome / Siberian Solomonseal Rhizome / King Solomonseal Rhizome Rhizoma Polygonati 黄精
Manyprickle Acanto-Panax Root Radix Acanthopanacis Senticosi 刺五加
Mary Rhododendron Leaf and Twig Folium et Cacumen Rhododendri Mariae 紫花杜鹃
Matteuccia Fern Rhizome Rhizoma Matteucciae 荚果蕨贯众
Meadowrue Root and Rhizome Radix et Rhizoma Thalictri 马尾连
Medicated Leaven Massa Medicata Fermentata 六神曲
Medicinal Changium Root Radix Changii 明党参
Medicinal Cyathula Root Radix Cyathulae 川牛膝
Medicine Terminalia Fruit Fructus Chebulae 诃子
Mexican Tea Herb Herba Chenopodii 土荆芥
Mile Swertia Herb Herba Swertiae Mileensis 青叶胆
Moellendorf's Spidemoss Herb Herba Selaginellae Moellendorfii 地柏枝
Mole Cricket Gryllotalpa 蝼蛄
Mongolian Snakegourd Root Radix Trichosanthis 天花粉
Mongollian Thyme Herb Herba Thymi 地椒
Motherwort Fruit Fructus Leonuri 茺蔚子
Motherwort Herb Herba Leonuri 益母草
Mountain Dragon Caulis Arcangelisiae 古山龙
Mountain Spicy Tree Fruit Fructus Litseae 毕澄茄
Mountain Yam Rhizome Rhizoma Dioscoreae Tokoro 山萆解
Mulberry Fruit Fructus Mori 桑椹
Mulberry Leaf Folium Mori 桑叶
Mulberry Twig Ramulus Mori 桑枝
Mullein Mightbrier Leaf Folium Solani Verbascifolii 假烟叶
Mus Covite Muscovitum 云母
Muskmelon Base Pedicellus Melo 甜瓜蒂
Muskmelon Seed Semen Melo 甜瓜子
Muskroot-like Semiaquilegia Root Radix Semiaquilegiae 天葵子
Myrrh Myrrha 没药
Nacre Concha Margaritifera Usta 珍珠母
Nakedflower Beautyberry Leaf Folium Callicarpae Nudiflorae 裸花紫珠
Nardostachyos Root and Rhizome Radix et Rhizoma Nardostachyos 甘松
Narrowleaf Screwtree Root Radix Helicteris 山芝麻
Natant Salvinia Herb Herba Salviniae Natantis 槐叶苹
Natural Indigo Indigo Naturalis 青黛
Negundo Chastetree Fruit Fructus Viticis Negundo 黄荆子
Negundo Chastetree Leaf Folium Viticis Negundo 黄荆叶
Ningpo Yam Rhizome Rhizoma Dioscoreae Nipponicae 穿山龙
Nutmeg Semen Myristicae 肉豆蔻
Nux Vomica Semen Strychni 马钱子
Obcordate Raspberry Root Radix Rubi Obcordati 黄锁梅
Obscured HomalomenaRhizome Rhizoma Homalomenae 千年健
Obtuseleaf Cinnamon Bark Cortex Cinnamomi Bejolghotae 山肉桂
Officinal Asparagus Root Radix Asparagi Officinalis 石刁柏
Omoto Nipponlily Rhizome Rhizoma Rohdeae Japonicae 白河车
Ophicslcite Ophicalcitum 花蕊石
Oriental Bittersweet Root Radix Celastri Orbiculati 南蛇藤根
Oriental Blechnum Fern Rhizome Rhizoma Blechni 乌毛蕨贯众
Oriental Stephania Root Radix Stephaniae Cepharanthae 白药子
Orpiment Orpimentum 雌黄
Ovalleaf Dutchmanspipe Root Radix Aristolochiae Tagalae 通城虎
Ovateleaf Holly Bark Cortex Ilicis Rotundae 救必应
Ovientvine Caulis Sinomenii 青风藤
Incised Corydalis Herb Herba Corydalis Incisae 紫花鱼灯草
Incised Notopterygium Rhizome /Forbes Notopterygium Rhizome Rhizoma Notopterygii 羌活
India Canna Rhizome Rhizoma Cannae Indicae 美人蕉根
India Mustard Seed Semen Brassicae Junceae 芥子
Indian Azalea Leaf Folium Rhododendri Simsii 红花杜鹃
Indian Damnacanthus Herb Herba Damnacanthi 虎刺
Indian Epimeredi Herb Herba Epimeredis Indicae 防风草
Indian Iphigenia Bulb Bulbus Iphigeniae Indicae 山慈菇
Indian Kalimeris Herb Herba Kalimeridis 马兰
Indian Mockstrawberry Herb Herba Duchesneae Indicae 蛇莓
Indian Rorippa Herb Herba Rorippae 旱菜
Indian Skullcap Herb Herba Scutellariae Indicae 疔疮草
Indian Stringbush Root Radix Wikstroemae 了哥王
Indian Trum etflower Seed Seen Oroxyli 木蝴蝶
Indian Zehneria Herb Herba Zehneriae Indicae 马包儿
Indigowoad Root Radix Isatidis 板蓝根
Involute Spikemoss Herb Herba Selaginellae Involventis 兖州卷柏
Irkutsk Anemone Rhizome Rhizoma Anemones Altaicae 九节菖蒲
Ivy Glorybind Rhizome Rhizoma Calystegiae Hederaceae 打碗花
Ivy Tree Bark Cortex Schefflerae Octophyllae 鸭脚木
冷扇画屏
【药名】:灯心草 【拼音】:DENGXINCAO 【英文名】:Rush 【来源】:为灯心草科植物灯心草的茎髓或全草。 【功效】:清心降火,利尿通淋。 【主治】:治淋病,水肿,小便不利,湿热黄疸,心烦不寐,小儿夜啼,喉痹,创伤。 【性味归经】:甘、淡,寒。①《开宝本草》:“味甘,寒,无毒。”②《医学启源》:“气平,味甘。《主治秘诀》云:辛甘。”③《伤寒蕴要》:“淡,平。”④《本草从新》:“甘淡,微寒。”入心、肺、小肠经。①《雷公炮制药性解》:“入心、小肠二经。”②《本草汇言》:“入手少阴、太阴,足太阳、厥阴经。”③《本草经解》:“入手太阳小肠经,足太阳膀胱经,足太阴脾经。” 【用法用量】:内服:煎汤,5~8分(鲜草单用,0.5~1两);或入丸、散。外用:煅存性研末撒或吹喉。 【用药忌宜】:①《本草经疏》:“虚寒者慎服。”②《本草从新》:“中寒小便不禁者勿服。”③《本草求真》:“气虚小便不禁者忌服。” 【药物配伍】:1、配六一散,清热祛湿,利水除烦,使上焦心经湿热下行,导小肠湿热外出,并有降火安神之效,可治疗暑湿身热,口渴,口疮,心烦不安,小便淋痛,小儿夜啼。2、配淡竹叶,清心除烦,利尿通淋,对于烦热口渴,心烦不寐,口舌生疮,小便赤,涩痛等症,相须为用,增加疗效。 【别名】:虎须草(崔豹《古今注》),赤须(《雷公炮炙论》),灯心(《圣济总录》),灯草(《珍珠囊》),碧玉草(《纲目》),水灯心(《分类草药性》),铁灯心(《天宝本草》),猪矢草、洋牌洞(《闽东本草》),灯芯草、虎酒草、曲屎草(《福建中草药》),老虎须(《北方常用中草药手册》)。 【处方名】:灯芯草,灯草,灯心,灯心草,灯芯,朱灯心,黛灯心,灯心炭,煅灯心,轻圆炭,水灯心,水灯芯等。处方中写灯心、灯芯、灯心草、灯芯草、灯草均指生灯心草。为原药去杂质生用入药者。朱灯心又名朱灯芯、朱灯心草。将剪好的灯心段,用水喷洒,使微湿润,放瓷罐内,加入朱砂细末,摇动至朱砂均匀敷布在灯心上为度。每5千克灯心,用朱砂300克。黛灯心又名煅灯芯、黛灯心草。将灯心拌入青黛,方法同朱灯心。灯心炭又名煅灯心、轻圆炭。为灯心草置锅内,上覆一口径略小的锅,贴以白纸在两锅交接处,用盐泥封固,不使泄气,加热煅至白纸呈焦黄色停火,凉透取出入药者。 【商品名】:灯心:又名灯草心。为剥去外皮者。以洁白、粗细均匀、干燥、无杂质者为佳。灯草:又名灯心草。为未剥去外皮者。 【动植物资源分布】:分布全国各地。药材产江苏、四川、云南、贵州等地。 【药材的采收与储藏】:秋季采收。割取茎部晒干,或将茎皮纵向剖开,去皮取髓,晒干。 【拉丁名】:药材Medulla Junci原植物Juncus effusus L. Var. Decipiens Buchen. 【炮制方法】:1、灯心炭:取灯心草置锅内,上覆一口径略小的锅,贴以白纸,两锅交接处,用盐泥封固,不使泄气,煅至白纸呈焦黄色停火,凉透取出。2、朱灯心:取剪好的灯心段,用水喷洒,使微湿润,放瓷罐内,加入朱砂细未,反复摇动至朱砂匀布为度。(每灯心10斤,用朱砂10两)。3、青黛制:灯心段置盆内喷淋清水少许,微润,加青黛粉,撒布均匀,并随时翻动,至表面挂匀青黛为度,取出晾干。每灯心草10公斤,青黛1.5公斤。 【考证】:出自《开宝本草》:“灯心草,生江南泽地。丛生,茎圆细而长直,人将为席。”①《本草衍义》:“灯心草,陕西亦有。蒸熟,干则拆取中心穰燃灯者,是谓之熟草。又有不蒸,但生干剥取者为生草。入药宜用生草。”②《品汇精要》:“灯心草,莳田泽中,圆细而长直,有簳无叶。南人夏秋间采之,剥皮以为蓑衣。其心能燃灯,故名灯心草。由其性味淡渗,故有利水之功。而《本经》乃言为席,非也。其席草亦产江南,形比灯心草细而短,自是一种,实非此类也。”③《纲目》:“灯心草即龙须之类。但龙须紧小而瓤实,此草稍粗而瓤虚白。吴人栽莳之,取瓤为灯炷,以草织席及蓑,他处野生者不多。” 【生药材鉴定】:干燥的茎髓,呈细长圆柱形,一般长50~60厘米,亦有达1米以上者。表面乳白色至淡黄白色,粗糙,有细纵沟纹。用放大镜观察,可见表面有许多丝状物,相互交织成网,最外多呈短毛状。质轻软如海绵状,略有弹性,易折断,断面不平坦,白色。气微,味淡。以色白、条长、粗细均匀、有弹性者为佳。四川所产灯心草,剥去外皮的称为“灯心”,未去皮的称为“灯草”。尚有同属植物野灯心草Juncus leschenaultii Gay.、拟灯心草J. Setchuensis Buchen. Var. Effusoides Buchen.等亦作灯心草入药。显微鉴定:茎髓横切面:全部为通气组织。每一细胞呈类方形或长方形,具数条分枝,分枝长8-60μm,直径7-20μm,壁厚约1.7μm,相邻细胞的分枝顶端相互衔接,形成网状结构,细胞间隙多呈三角形或类四边形。 【中药 化学成分】:本品含三肽类为γ-谷氨酰-缬氨酰-谷氨酸,并含芹素(为5,7,4-三羟基黄酮)。茎髓含纤维、脂肪油、蛋白质等。茎含多糖类。 髓含阿拉伯聚糖(araban)、木聚糖(xylan)、甲基戊聚糖(methyl pentosan)。又报道灯心草尚含鞣酐(phlobaphene)及由二分子谷氨酸和一分子缬氨酸组成的三肽;并含木犀草素-7-葡萄糖甙(luteolin-7-glucoside)(luteolin)。地上部分含β-谷甾醇、3,13-dihydroxy-4-methyl-ll-ethylenyl-6,7- dihydrophenanthrene(effusol)。
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刻叶紫堇,学名:Corydalis incisa (Thunb.)Pers. 英文名:Gapleaf Corydalis 别名:地锦苗、断肠草、羊不吃、紫花鱼灯草、烫伤草 科属:罂粟科 Papaveraceae 紫堇属 形态特征:灰绿色直立草本,高15-60厘米。根茎短而肥厚,椭圆形,长约1厘米,粗5毫米,具束生的须根。茎不分枝或少分枝,具叶。叶具长柄,基部有鞘,叶片二回三出,一回羽片具短柄,而回羽片近无柄,菱形或宽楔形,长约2厘米,宽1厘米,三深裂,裂片有缺刻状齿。 总状花序长3-12厘米,多花,先密集,后稀疏。苞片约与花瓣等长,菱形或楔形,具缺刻状齿。花梗长约1厘米。萼片小,长约1毫米,丝状深裂。花紫红色至紫色,淡蓝色至苍白色,平展,大小的变异幅度较大。外花瓣顶端圆钝,平截至多少下凹,顶端稍后有鸡冠状突起。内花瓣顶端深紫色。柱头近似方形,顶端有4短柱状乳突,侧面有2对无柄的双生乳突。 蒴果椭圆状线形,长约1.5厘米,宽约2毫米;种子近圆形,成熟后黑色,有光泽。花期4—5月,果期5—6月。 分布:分布于华东、华中地区。喜温暖湿润及半阴的环境,耐寒。夏季常枯萎,9月重新萌芽。 使用价值:全草入药,能杀虫,治疮癣。有毒,不宜内服。 块茎含延胡索、血根碱、原鸦片碱等多种生物碱。延胡索,罂粟科紫堇属多年生草本。别名:延胡、玄胡索、元胡索、元胡。中国传统药材。主要产于浙江和江苏。其块茎含紫堇碱、原阿片碱等多种生物碱,经制成粉剂或醋制流浸膏等,主治心腹腰膝诸痛;月经不调;症瘕;崩中;产后血晕;恶露不尽;跌打损伤。有镇痛、镇静、催眠作用。高9~20厘米。块茎球形。花瓣紫红色;蒴果圆柱形,两端渐狭。夏季开花。在同属植物中,还有以下几种在不同地区作延胡索入药:齿瓣延胡索,产东北、华北;全叶延胡索,产东北、华北、华东;东北延胡索,产东北;堇叶延胡索,产东北、河北;灰叶延胡索,产新疆。
可以从它们的叶子和花来辨别。刻叶紫堇,它的羽状分裂的叶片“小裂片顶端有缺刻”。 它的花瓣前端呈明显的深紫色或者深蓝色。而延胡索的叶子是小叶三裂或三深裂,它的花为紫红色,没有不一样的深色。