正月初九英文

手工翻译，翻译得很辛苦 ！！！！希望有帮助啊！！！！！God Birthday on Early January 9th (God officer's birthday , the Jade Emperor 's birthday) Legend: In the Tang dynasty, Huang Chao's army from the north to the south during New Year (some people say that is Yangzongbao in Song dynasty, others say that is King Chen Yuanguang in Tang Dynasty ,in brief ,it is just a legend!), The Northern army killed them on a large scale in the face of the residents in Fujian in quite different clothes and speaking other lanuages while learning they called themselves "wolf" ("human"in Taiwanese accent ).The residents had to flee to cane field to escape those powerful soldiers . Not until they know the truth did they stopped .Then the residents came out the cane filed.It is said that mere surviving people made the earl January 9th new year after leaving cane field ,which becomes a new custom inherited. Fujian people worship the god usually by sugarcane. Legend came that the emergence of offerings not only to commemorate this event, but also to honor an aged but died man watching it when refugees escaped there.Etiquette: After early January 8th -- early January , that is for God time. At this time, families with the belif of god would worship the god by offerings.Families who attached importance to form made two tables a chancel and put a sugarcane on each side to worship the god outside the house or inside where could be straight to the sky without cover.Still,the sugarcane must be bearing leaves to symbol rising hand over hand and scattering leaves.Early Janusry 9th is the toppest Jade Emperor's birthday commonly known as the "God of Health." "God" is the "the Jade Emperor." Taoism called him "Yuanshi HILLS, Mich." Who is the the highest God dominating the universe . Whenever on his birthday, people would hold ceremonies , and could be heard the noises of irecrackers from midnight to 4.am . The ceremony was fair grand and altar placed under God furnace altar in the main hall made from usually a long bench or a low one with eight higher tables to be a top table.The table could be hastened a piece of cloth marked lucky pictures,with a"beneath table " behind it."Top Table" Was placed a color- papered effigy(symbols the throne of God), in front of it being censer.There were three bundles of red paper and three glasses of tea, next to it being a Candle furnace .There were five fruit behind it (mandarin , citrus, apples, bananas, sugar cane and other fruit), six vegetarian (lilies, fungus, mushrooms and vegetables heart, Wan beans, mung bean, etc.)to worship the Jade Emperor ; under the table being the five offerings (chicken, duck, fish, eggs, pork or Zhudu, liver), sweetener (Health-jen, jujube rice, pudding Aberdeen), and red turtle Hua (like Junxing, with the red, a turtle shell, India, and to symbolize longevity of the people), to worship the other gods serving the Jade Emperor God. Activities: It suggested that community care activities should be heid. In addition to celebration of God's birthday , but also to hosting pledge activitiesthe conerning world peace and promoting interpersonal communication with the seminar or exhibition of the same theme . The Jingzi booth on Zhongshan Road of Meinong Town in Taiwan is titled three classic historic site .The meinong religious and cultural town--Guang shan Booth was with Jing Booth and Zi Booth. The local organization--"holy places" would hold special ceremony with the collected KingDust and Paper Dust on the early January per year..Then the dust would be flowed into the fields by rivers ,which contributes to a pleasant weather , a great harvest and welfare.There were a custom that carrying statues of the Jade Emperor in Northern China in the past. Meaning: Although God 's birth is a religious holiday. Howere, legends related to God 's birth , reflect the positive anti-war idea and emphasize the importance of communication of different cultures of lanuages. Of course, we need't take the legend serious.But it is true that the Han nationality had contradiction with the local persons while moving to Fujian from Donjin dynasty to Tang dynasty in history.The Han soldiers really killed other tribes(or even minor tribes whose totem were "wolf") just regarding them as brutes ,which violated the virtues in nature.Past historical facts, may evolve into legends, with some facts behind the legends . This legend tells us that the war was terrible and the civilians were innocent. It also showed that tribe to tribe ,people to peple ,could live in harmony only accepting each other.For the sake of peace,it is of importance for people to communicate sincerely.

民俗二三事

贴春联，吃年夜饭，拜访亲友

拗九节(正月甘九日)，是福州特有的民间传统节日。“拗九节” 又称 “后九节” 、“孝九节”和 “送穷节”。这天清早，家家户户都用糯米、红糖，再加上花生、红枣、荸荠、芝麻、桂圆等原料，煮成甜粥，称为“拗九粥”，用来祭祖或馈赠亲友。已出嫁的女儿，也必定要送一碗“拗九粥” ，有的还要加上太平面、蛋、猪蹄等，送回娘家，孝敬父母。此外，凡是人的岁数逢九，如九岁、十九岁、二十九岁 (称“明九”)，或是九的倍数，如十八岁、二十七岁、三十六岁 (称“暗九”)，也要像过生日一样，吃一碗太平面 ，以求平安、健康。在福州人的传统观念中“九”是不好过的。 拗九粥的来源，民间传说不一。一说是来源于“目连救母”的传说。据传，古时候有一个叫目连的人，其母生前悍恶，死后被关在阴间牢房里，他探监时，经常送食物给母亲吃，但均被看守的狱卒小鬼给吃掉了。后来，他想了一个办法，用荸荠、花生、红枣、桂圆、 红糖等原料与糯米混合，煮成甜粥，盛上碗后，再洒一把黑芝麻送去给母亲，看守狱卒见这稀饭黑乎乎的，问道： 这是什么? 目连随口答道∶“这是拗垢”。(福州话“九”与“垢”谐音)看守信以为真，认为这粥很脏，不敢吃。因此“拗九粥”才得以送到目连母亲的手中。这天正好是正月廿九，目连的母亲这年也正好二十九岁，闽俗中，正月分“三九”，正月初九称为“上九”，十九称为“中九”，廿九称为 “后九”，所以这粥便叫“后九粥” 。以后又以粥的颜色拗黑，叫“拗九粥”，以目连孝顺母亲，又叫“孝九粥” 。 不管是正月廿十九，还是二十九岁，都是目连的母亲落难的年月，于是福州人逢九就犯忌，认为“九” 是厄难的岁月，所以，凡逢“九”岁数的人要吃太平面，出嫁的女儿，也要给父母送“九”，以求父母平安、健康。

看一下对不对，Beginning nine God Dan(day officer's birthday, Jade Emperor birthday)Legend: At the tang dynasty, Huang2 Chao2's troops once arrived from the north between the New Year's Day south(also someone say that is a Sung Dynasty Yang2 Zong Bao3, again someone say that being a Tang Dynasty open Zhang saint Wang2 Chen2 Yuan2 light, in fine, is legend!), North troops while meet residents in Fukien of dress and language dissimilarity, because of hear these residents claim to be "wolf"(the South Fukien sound sound of read of"person"), but bigOpen rule against killing. Residents in Fukien who face strong soldier in the north have to escape sugar plantation to avoid in succession.Until the north soldier clear up is how return to matter, stop kill Chuo.The Fukien talented person of south come out a sugar cane park. It is said, by luck only person in Fukien save then come out the day of sugar cane park, namely the beginning of January the ninth, use to repair to spend the New Year, formation afterwards of customs. Person in Fujian province does obeisance God vulgar do obeisance a fiesta by sugar cane.Have legend this sacrificial offering again of emergence, be much more than in honor of this affairs, is also memorial the refugee of Yan 謢 avoid into the sugar cane park but sacrifice of 1 guard uncle in the sugar cane park. Etiquette and custom: At beginning eight nights later on, beginning nine son, is a fiesta absolute being time.At this time, the family which believe in God will prepare sacrificial offering to do obeisance God. Pay attention to the family of rites, meeting outdoors or indoors in yard choice a the space that have never hide to block and can keep to the horizon, use two table layer after layer to become Gao Tan2, again each put a sugar cane in two sides, in order to dynasty hope the sky fiesta absolute being.The sugar cane beard of fiesta absolute being's taking a leaf is successively sweet by advertising for ascension successively with open to spread a leaf. The beginning of January nine is a day, boundary the birthday of the tallest god Jade Emperor, be so called "the God living"."God" is "Jade Emperor", religion of Taoism call it as "the dollar start for a day, ", dominate tallest absolute being of cosmos, every time round his birthday, people will hold sacrificial rites is celebrate with form, since midnight snack until 4:00 A.M. that very day, can hear without intermission firecrackers voice.The fiesta does obeisance God's rites, equal solemn and impressive, at main hall God stove the lower hem establish altar, general all use long wooden bench or short Deng place gold paper first again the Die table of Gao Ba Xian is"crest table", the table which combine to fasten up the good luck pattern before the table round, behind another establish"next"."Crest table" oblation use the absolute being that the color paper make into, front central is censer, before the stove have firm red paper fine noodles three bunch and the pure tea be three cups, the side of the stove is candlestick;Afterward arrange five fruit(Gan, orange, apple, banana, sugar cane etc. fruit), six Zhais(gold needle, tree mushroom, black mushrooms, choi sum, Wan bean, green lentil...etc.) to offer sacrifices to Jade Emperor;Next oblation five Sheng(chicken, duck, fish, egg, pork or tripe, liver of pig), sweet anticipate(living Ren, rice Zao, Gao Zi...etc.), red turtle 粿 (be like a turtle form, outside dye red, the dozen tortoiseshell print, with symbol the person's longevity) etc. fiesta Jade Emperor of from the absolute being. Activity: Suggestion everyplace religion of Taoism organization at this day hold a society concern activity.In addition to celebration absolute being Dan, also sponsor concerning the world peace and promote a human relations a communication of invocation activity, and match various homology topic of academic chair or exhibition. Taiwan town hill path in the Meinong respect the word station be listed as a x-rated historic monument, Meinong religion and cultural key figure wide kind hall also set up respect station and word station, the place constitute "saint vestige meeting" at every year lunar calendar the beginning of January the ninth of God birthday that very day, respect a word station and wide kind hall an in the last years collections go to of gold joss-stick ash and word paper ash, pour these asheses into the river after holding to send word paper an ash fiesta a ceremony, let river water will these gold joss-stick the ash and word paper ash take into each farmland, let farm crop bumper harvest, and imprecation next year asylum river water current continuously, pastoral farm crop bumper harvest, protect a place happiness peaceful.The north of China used to have already held a jade Huang fiesta and lift jade Huang idol to swim the custom that the village cruise street. Meaning: Although God Dan be a religion festival.But, the legend having relation with God Dan, but reflection aggressive of anti- war thought, emphasize dissimilarity language culture communication of importance. We certainly need not pair of legend really, but, on the history the Chinese are from the east Jin toward go to tang dynasty large-scale move into Fukien, really with native son creation lead antinomy;Han at that time soldier his clan civilian(or even take"wolf" as totem of minority tribe) be become beast of kill Chuo behavior, really possibility occurrence lead, certainly is also breach heaven's care for every living thing. Past historical fact, may evolve to become legend, legend the back be some fact of basis. This legend, vigilance we, war of terrible and civilian of innocence.It also elucidation, clan and clan, and the person and person be mutual to accept then can kill;For the sake of peace, people be active thorough the other party and communication is very importance.

2 、中华民族的喜庆节日（Chinese Festivial）国庆节 National Day中秋节 Mia-Autumn Festival春节 Spring Festival元宵节 Lantern Festival儿童节 Children’s Day端午节 Dragon Boat Festival妇女节 Women’s Day泼水节 Water-Splashing Day教师节 Teachers’ Day五四青年节 Youth Day春节农历正月初一至初三日，古称履端、元旦，今谓春节，福州人叫“做年”，是一年中最隆重、假期最长的民间节日。黎明时分，各家敞开大门，焚香鸣炮，喜迎新年。这个节俗传统禁忌甚多，说第一句话，做第一件事，都讲究好彩头，以冀一年之平安。新年伊始，逢人第一句都要说“恭喜”、“发财”、“平安”等吉利话，对方也报以相应的好话。当日不扫地、不打水、不挑担、不劈柴、不洗衣、不洗澡、不理发、不说不吉利的话。全家起床后，便穿新衣服，或穿质地最好的衣着。早餐，有的吃太平面(线面、鸡肉、鸭蛋)，以祝太平、长寿；有的吃年糕(红糖粿)，以祝年年高升；有的老人吃素，祈求合家子孙一年平安。初一，小辈要向长辈拜年，长辈则给以压岁钱或糖果、桔子。初一不出远门，初二、初三人们可以访亲拜友，互贺新年。正如清人吴继筠在《福州岁时竹枝词》中说的：“族新衣服趋人前，礼数谦谦喜连连；路上相逢共作揖，发财恭喜贺新年。”这便是古时福州新正的景观。有出嫁女儿的人家，要办春酒，邀女儿、女婿及外孙回娘家饮宴团聚。水上船家(�民)的妇女，头戴红花，蓝衫青裤，布底青鞋，结伴登岸，挨家串门，用福州话唱诗贺年：“姑嫂双双贺新年，红红伞灯挂厅前；好�好粿送奴去，金字牌板企(站立之意)门前。”“旧年过了又新年，生意兴隆赚大钱；恭喜发财平安过，送奴�粿过门前。”这叫“讨�诗”，又是贺年词，贺年讨�以示吉祥。春节期间，福州大街小巷，张灯结彩，火树银花，欢声笑语，到处呈现一派节日气氛。中华人民共和国成立后，各级党政领导在节前或节日期间，持礼物到军烈属、离退休干部及老劳模等府第拜年。各有关部门组织春节游园、各界联欢会、文艺晚会等活动。那些有迷信色彩的旧俗逐渐消失。九十年代初，大多数居家都安装电话，一般亲戚好友用电话互拜新年，减少节日交通拥挤。初四清晨，家家户户，焚香“接神”，迎接灶君回銮视事。各行各业开假，放鞭炮，商店开门营业，工厂开工，机关开始上班。九十年代后，作习时间进行调整，现在是初八上班。一些服务行业，则春节仍在营业。元 宵 节正月十五日，为元宵节，亦谓上元佳节。福州元宵花灯，始于汉代，至宋代被列为京都灯节的上品。《武林旧事》记述入京的福州灯采“纯用白玉，晃耀夺目，如清冰玉壶，爽澈心目。”福州的桔灯、菜头灯、莲花灯等，形态别致，色泽鲜艳，独具福州乡土生活气息，引人注目。据王应山《闽大记》载：福州“沿门悬灯，通宵游赏，谓之灯市。”这一习俗，也始自宋代。其时家家户户，张灯悬门，十里灯街，红光辉映。州县官吏，每逢元宵，倡导大闹花灯，“官民同乐”。北宋元丰年间(1078～1085年)，刘瑾当福州太守，为了观赏花灯，下令挨家挨户捐灯十盏。郎官巷诗人陈烈，愤然在鼓楼挂上一盏诗灯：“富家一盏灯，太仓一粒粟；贫家一盏灯，父子相对哭。风流太守知不知？犹恨笙歌无妙曲。”从此，官府不再强令百姓捐灯。历代灯会时间也有变化：唐宋多为正月十四至十八日；元代朝廷不提倡大规模灯会；明代为十三至二十二日；清代为十三至十七日。民国后则无定规。福州元宵不仅灯市辉煌，还有摆设鳌山，供人玩赏的。“春灯绝胜百花芳，元夕纷华盛福唐；银烛烧空排丽景，鳌山耸处现祥光。”此诗描绘昔日闽都灯市和鳌山的盛景。元宵城门开禁，鳌山向外，郊外人家入城观赏，人山人海，热闹非常。从春节至元宵前夕，福州民间有送灯习俗。对出嫁之女，娘家例必送灯，“灯”与“丁”谐音，取添丁之意。第一年送“观音送子”灯，第二年如未生育，则送“天赐麟儿”灯、“孩子坐盆”灯，第三、四年如再未生养，便送“桔”灯，寓为“焦急”之意。生育后可送“状元骑马”灯、“天赐麒麟”灯等，直送到外甥16周岁为止。民间有首童谣：“正月元宵灯，外婆爱外甥(外孙)，送来红红桔子灯，吉利又添丁。”反映了外婆爱外孙的社会风尚。杨庆琛榕城之夕《竹枝词》云：“天赐麟儿绘彩缯，新娘房子霞光增，宵深欲把金钗卸，又报娘家来送灯。”此诗描绘当时送灯的盛况。元宵闹花灯自初七开始，昔日福州南后街与南台台江汛专售纸制各种花灯。挑的有八角灯、球灯、西瓜灯；扛的有关刀灯、龙抢珠灯，后来还有飞机灯、战舰灯等；地上走的有猴骑绵羊灯、牧童骑牛灯、状元骑马灯；堂上挂的有宫灯、走马灯等。当时有首诗云：“华灯成市将元夕，色色精工费剪裁，几种寄供新岁玩，清光四壁照衔杯。”描出了福州灯市的盛况。元宵之夜，有的乡镇街道游灯上街时，结合迎神赛会。迎神队伍中，多随有舞龙灯、高跷、舞狮、地下坪、陆地行舟等民间文艺活动。有的居家百姓见迎神过境，便举灯放炮，祈求合家平安。如今，送灯的习俗仍在一些老年人中流行拗九节正月廿九日，是福州特有的民间传统节日。“拗〔ōu〕九节”又称“后九节”、“孝顺节”。这天清早，家家户户都用糯米、红糖，再加上花生、红枣、荸荠、芝麻、桂圆等原料，煮成甜粥，称为“拗九粥”，用来祭祖或馈赠亲友。已出嫁的女儿，也必定要送一碗“拗九粥”，有的还要加上太平面、蛋、猪蹄等，送回娘家，孝敬父母。此外，凡是岁数逢九的人，如九岁、十九岁、二十九岁……(称“明九”)，或是九的倍数，如十八岁、二十七岁、三十六岁……(称“暗九”)，也要像过生日一样，吃一碗“太平面”，以求平安、健康。“拗九节”来源于“目连救母”的传说。据传，古时候有一个叫目连的人，其母生前悍恶，死后被关在阴间牢房里，他探监时，经常送食物给母亲吃，但均被看守的狱卒给吃掉了。后来，他想了一个办法，用荸荠、花生、红枣、桂圆、红糖等原料与糯米混合，煮成甜粥，盛上碗后，再洒一把黑芝麻送去给母亲，看守狱卒见这稀饭黑乎乎的，问道：“这是什么?”目连随口答道：“这是拗垢粥。”(福州话“九”与“垢”谐音)看守信以为真，认为这粥很脏，不敢吃。因此，“拗九粥”才得以送到目连母亲的手中。这天正好是正月廿九，目连的母亲这年也正好二十九岁，闽俗中，正月分“三九”，正月初九称为“上九”，十九称为“中九”，廿九称为“后九”，所以这粥便叫“后九粥”。以后以粥的颜色拗黑，叫“拗九粥”，以目连孝顺母亲，又叫“孝九粥”。不管是正月廿九，还是二十九岁，都是目连的母亲落难的日子，于是福州人逢九就犯忌，认为“九”是厄难的岁月，所以，凡逢“九”岁数的人要吃太平面，出嫁的女儿，也要给父母送“九”，以求父母平安、健康。清明节清明，是福州民间的一个重要节日。每年春分过后15天，便是清明节。清明节日或前后，家家户户去郊外踏青，上山祭祖扫墓。扫墓又叫压纸，即为坟地锄草，在坟头压上钱纸，以示此墓有后人祭扫。如带供品亦极简单，光饼、豆腐、面点和菠菠粿，也叫清明粿，是福州特有的清明节供品，是用菠菠菜(生长于南方的一种野菜，可食，味甘，性凉，捣烂压成汁呈青绿色)压榨成汁，渗入米浆内揉成粿皮，以枣泥、豆沙、萝卜丝等为馅捏制而成的。清明节前后，福州饮食店均有制售。富豪之家多有自行制造，但他们不用手工造型，而用木制的印模，内刻有氏族堂号，印制出的菠菠粿格外美观，并作为馈赠礼品分给亲朋好友。扫墓归来，要折一松枝或柳条，插在家门口，表明本户已为祖先祭墓了。端午节端午，福州俗称五日节、五月节。因节日的家宴在中午，故谓端午节。相传是纪念爱国诗人屈原的节日。端午节从初一开始，家家大扫除，悬蒲插艾于门前，用以驱邪消毒。端午节吃粽子、荷包，饮雄黄酒，燃雄黄炮。孩子穿新衣、挂香袋、缚红肚兜，口鼻涂雄黄，据说能免生疮疹，驱逐蛇蝎。用过节餐后，各家携小孩到福州西湖、南台万寿桥、闽江两岸观看龙舟竞渡。舟有的彩绘为鱼，有的彩绘为虾，都是水族标志。初一至初五均有划龙舟，惟初五午后开展竞赛，争夺锦标，观者如潮。如今，端午节的优秀传统习俗仍然继承，如大扫除，开展夏季卫生运动。龙舟竞渡列入水上体育运动项目，每年都有组织地开展活动。福州龙舟还参加国际龙舟比赛，获得殊荣。乞巧节农月七月七夕，福州叫乞巧节，又称结缘节。七月七夕，是神话中牛郎织女鹊桥相会的时间。七夕，妇女以七字为巧的象征，向天上银河织女乞巧时，陈列瓜果七盘，茶杯七口，焚香七柱，备针七根，丝线七色，先向织女星行七拜大礼，然后盘膝而坐，借着朦胧月色，赛穿针、比引线，谁穿引得又快又多，谁就得巧最多。宋梁克家《三山志》载：“彩楼乞巧知多少?直至更阑漏欲终。”这种习俗多是官府、富豪之家的小姐为之。民间则搞分豆结缘活动。家家户户煮蚕豆互相馈赠，啃豆谈天，消除前愆，促使家人和顺、亲友情深、邻里和睦。孩童学着分豆结缘，交指和好，童趣盎然。中元节农历七月十五日，俗称“七月半”、做半段。中元节，整个七月每一天均可活动。传说，目连为减轻其母罪孽，于是日邀十方僧众做盂兰会，以普渡超生其母。中元节日，家家举行家祭活动。除一般供品外，还须焚烧纸衣，供给祖先鬼魂在阴间享用。中元节正值农村早稻收割后不久，人们利用农闲时间祭田地、庆丰收。因此，福州郊县仍然保留着“七月半”做“半段”的习俗(意谓一年已过半段)，但在时间上各村不一，往往是这村做完那村做，各村轮流着进行。做“半段”时，家家都要宴请许多亲朋好友。有的村庄邀请剧团演戏或讲评话、伬唱等活动，以示丰收喜悦。中秋节八月十五为中秋节，俗称团圆节。中秋节吃月饼的由来，有一种说法是：元朝末年，蒙古贵族统治者为了巩固其统治，不准民间使用铁制的刀具，规定十家合用一把菜刀，统治者无恶不作，百姓恨之入骨。高邮张士诚暗中串联，在月饼里夹一起义的小字条，到中秋之夜，家家掰开月饼，看见传单，纷纷夺取菜刀，举行反抗元朝统治者的起义。从此，人们每到中秋节，就要吃月饼，以纪念这一人民群众的斗争节日。中秋节俗，福州人家备供品，烧纸衣，以祭祖先。夜设家宴，举家欢聚，饮酒赏月。这个节日，民间还有尊老爱幼的习俗，晚辈馈赠大月饼(即礼饼)给长辈，长辈则馈赠小月饼给晚辈，在节日内互表良好祝愿。中秋节俗，按《福建通志·风俗》志记载，闽都各地略有不同。福州城内“中秋士女登乌石山进香，夜燃神光塔灯，是夜妇女连臂出游，谓‘走百病’”；永泰县“中秋望月，绅士祝魁星”；闽清县“中秋造月饼，设酒赏月，食栗与芋，童子备�粿，用瓦片砌塔相拜祝”；《长乐县志》述“中秋从略，各家不过具饮而已。”中秋“摆塔”，是节日的一大乐趣。农家儿拾瓦片，砌瓦塔，至夜以柴点燃，火光四照，盘诗赏月，互相娱乐。城内人们购泥塑或陶瓷的人物形象，有《西游记》、《三国演义》、《水浒传》等历史人物，并有烛台、花瓶、香炉等陈列展出，供人观赏。富贵人家有的在厅堂搭架“摆塔”，少则三层桌，多则十层桌，最高层摆以泥塔或铁塔，低层陈列一双秧盆，青葱吐绿，以示丰收。中间各层则排列历代名人和戏曲人物，整个庭院灯烛辉煌，增添佳节气氛。重阳节农历九月初九是重阳节，因九为阳数，日月并重，故称“重阳”，也叫重九。重阳节来源于后汉桓景登高避祸的故事，据《三山志》载：福州九仙山(于山)，是汉闽越王无诸重九登高的地方，无诸与汉高祖刘邦是同时代的人，比桓景早200年。《八闽通志》载：“重阳，郡人率以是日登高，饮菊酒以延年，插茱萸以避邪。”(茱萸为中药，味苦、性温，有散寒、温中、止痛和祛恶等药效。)据说，闽越王当年盛菊花酒的大石樽，清嘉庆年间还在于山，后来不见了，但仍有“九日台”遗迹可寻。福州的九月九，除了登高、饮菊花酒、插茱萸等，还有放纸鹞(〔tsai ieu〕风筝)的习俗。据说，放纸鹞也来自桓景与费长房的故事。一次，桓景求费长房取除邪去瘟的药，走迷山路，后经鸽子引导，才找到费。后人为纪念此事，将纸糊的鸽子带到山上放飞，流传久了，就有了放纸鹞的习俗。旧时，福州登高、放纸鹞的地点主要在于山、乌山、大庙山等。那时，大庙山有一块登高石，据说是从天上掉下来的，人称“天星落地”。九月九时，大人带小孩到大庙山，在登高石山上一登，便会长高，因此，吸引了福州四城门的人都往这里跑，每逢重阳节，通往大庙山的两条石阶路都被挤得水泄不通。九月九登高，“高”和“糕”是谐音，因此，节日期间，福州还有一种特制的糕点，称“九重粿”，即粿有九层，中间夹七层糖色，寓意节节高和登高消灾之意。每逢佳节倍思亲。福州的重阳节，还有扫祭祖坟的活动，这与清明的祭坟，合称春秋二祭。现在福州的郊区或郊县，仍保留九月九扫墓的习俗。重阳节发展到今天，人们又赋予它更加丰富的文化内涵，把登高与全民健身运动结合起来，把祭扫祖坟与敬老爱老的传统美德结合起来，有的还把它与海外侨胞牵线搭桥、招商引资结合起来，全国人大还通过了以每年重阳节为老年节的决定。节日期间，各单位、团体还举行各种形式的登山、健身等体育活动。冬至冬至，农历二十四节气之一。旧时，人家在此节日前夜，老小聚在厅堂，围坐案桌搓米时。用糯米磨浆压至半干搓成丸子，入锅煮熟，捞起粘上糖豆粉便是“�”。案桌上放置红桔数粒，红箸一束，纸花一对，泥塑男女孩童(童儿牳)合，瓶插红色菊花。搓时焚香点烛，小孩用福州方言唱童谣：“搓�矢搓搓，依奶疼依哥，依哥讨依嫂，依弟单身哥。依嫂带身喜(怀孕)，爹妈齐欢喜。孩儿段(掉)落脚桶下，依哥马上做郎罢(爸)。”冬至搓�时含有祈求添丁增福之意。当晚搓的�待翌晨冬至正日当早餐。祭灶祭灶，农历十二月廿四日。按福州习俗，阴历十二月廿三日为官家祭荤灶之日，廿四日是普通民家祭素灶之日，而水上居民(�民)则于廿五日祭灶。祭灶，原是古代夏日祭火的一种仪式。火的出现，使人类脱离了茹毛饮血的时代，是值得大大纪念的。但后世把祭灶变成“灶神”崇拜，说灶神是可以“上天祈福、落地佑民”的“司命之神”。这个衍变过程，大约始于汉代。据《后汉书·阴丑传》载，有一个叫阴子兴的孝子，腊日(十二月廿三)早饮，见到灶神出现，连忙拜求，并宰了家中的黄羊祭祀，“自是以后，暴至巨富……故后常以腊日祭灶，而荐黄羊焉。”这个传说随着时间的推移，越说越神，说灶神是玉皇大帝派到人间的“驻户大使”。一年一度，在农历十二月廿四日，灶神上天向玉帝报告户主善恶情况，上天的日子为十天，到第二年正月初四下凡。在灶神动身之前，家家户户都要为其饯行。祭荤灶的以鸡、鸭、鱼、肉、灶糖、灶饼、美酒等供之；祭素灶除灶糖灶饼外，还有甘蔗、荸荠、红枣、花生、金针、木耳等。在祭供时，孩童们便唱着童谣：“祭灶祭糊涂(讽刺灶神糊涂官)，灶前一只铜香炉，元宝是侬褙，金裤是侬糊，灶君上天讲好话，灶妈落地保佑侬，保佑侬爹有钱赚，保佑侬妈有钱长，保佑侬哥讨兄嫂，保佑侬读书变聪明。”祭供将毕，将旧的灶神图撕下火化，贴上新的灶神图，以示送旧迎新。在祭灶节前，外公外婆要给男女外孙送灶糖灶饼，有几个男女外孙，就得送几包，每包还要附送一张“花面壳”(假面具)有唐僧、沙和尚、孙悟空、猪八戒等，孩子们有吃有玩好不热闹。现在，一些人家仍有祭灶的旧俗。灶糖灶饼更名为年糖年饼，成了福州春节市场年货之一。除夕相传，“年”是一个恶魔，每年除夕，就出来捉弄人。故在除夕之时，家家户户贴新符(春联)、放鞭炮以驱“年”。福州还仿效旧时郑唐烧火炮驱“年”除灾的节俗。进入十二月，人们便忙于酿酒、备年货。十五日后，开始打扫屋宇房舍，谓之扫堂、筅堂。外出的亲人纷纷返回，同家人团聚。廿五日后开始蒸年糕，备鸡、鸭、鱼、肉、酒等，祭祀祖先、天地神，谓之分年。女婿向岳父母送年礼，谓之送年。除夕之夜，红烛高烧，合家欢乐，共饮晚宴，谓之做岁。是夜再拂扫厅堂，放鞭炮，煮隔年饭。隔年饭用木制蒸饭甑装盛，周围插朱红筷子十双，贴红纸，扎红绳，并撒上“五子”(红枣、花生、瓜子、桂圆子、栗子)，摆在厅堂案桌上。家中主要门户、窗帘、箱笼家具、贵重器皿物件压上“金银纸箔”，意味着这家金银财宝多到从门缝里溢出，象征着明年发大财。大年三十长辈还有给小孩发“压岁钱”的习俗，从初一到十五都可以拜年。歌谣“拜年拜年，没桔也要钱。”一个春节下来收益还不少呢!旧时，三十盲晡(三十晚上)是债主讨债、债户躲债最紧张的日子。旧时欠债不能过年，就是不能过三十晚上。家住城外的债户跑到后洲尚书庙，家住城内的则跑到城隍庙看戏躲债。50年代后，人民生活水平大幅度提高，逼债之事早已消声匿迹。现在年货供应，花色品种，应有尽有。机关、工厂、商店张灯结彩，街道两旁，彩灯万朵，火树银花，大家欢天喜地，迎接新的一年到来。生活习俗服 饰衣 服从清朝至民国年间，福州男性穿着多为长袍、长衫。长袍上自肩部、下至足跗。开襟于右，前幅与后幅缀以纽扣。前内有小幅布，中缝一小袋，叫暗袋，可藏少量物品。作为外衣的长衫，是中老年男性的便服，常换常洗，多以棉布制作。其色常见的有蓝、灰和月白。有身份的人夏天多穿麻织或绸织的长衫。短衫则指女性的外衣，套在袄的上面的称为袄轮。长衫以朴素大方为上，短衫则以新颖绚丽为佳。马褂，是男性的短外衣，套在长袍或长衫外面，有领，对襟齐腰，缀以纽扣5粒。马褂不用布料而多以团花青缀制面。后来在左襟侧处缝一小袋，以藏挂表，叫做表袋。另一种可代马褂的“甲仔”，又叫背褡、背心。它是无袖的短衣，套在长袍或长衫外面，故有马甲之称。抗日战争以后，穿长袍、长衫的日渐减少，长衫马褂的更少。孙中山创造的中山衣则取而代之，并广泛流行。中年以上的官宦豪绅，寒冬出门穿长袍之外，还披一外衣，其长自肩及膝后，无领，无袖，以带系之于颈，此即“披风”，亦叫“斗篷”。清代至民国，城乡劳动者不论男女多穿对襟及膝的短衫、短袄。衫则单衣，袄则是两重以上缝制的，有夹袄、棉袄、皮袄，按时令而更换。男袄所用的料子多为棉织品，女袄则多用丝织品。旧时妇女的礼服是袄与裙，合称裙袄。女子结婚时，要穿大红色的蟒裙蟒袄，嫁妆中要办一套内衣，叫做紧身袄裤。过去妇女，以青裙为便服，红裙为礼服，白裙为丧服。逢年过节，或家中有喜庆，或参加亲友的宴会，都要穿红裙，年老依然。丈夫死后，终身就不再穿红裙，再醮的妇女，也不得穿红裙。孀妇要到儿女长大自立以后，可穿绿色或浅绿色的绣花裙。一般的裙，长可及胫，多以丝织品制成，或刺绣彩色的图案。以折迭多者为尚，即所谓百褶裙。农村妇女，在田野劳动时，都穿着红布裙，以示有福。民国以后，穿裙者渐少。但男女从事劳作时，则以布作巾，围在襟前，以防污衣裤，叫做围身裙。清代，中上层妇女盛行穿旗袍，身着上下连属的衣服，形如长袍。至民国时，旗袍款式时有改变，有高领的，有矮领的，有硬领的；长有曳于地的，有至于胫的，有短仅过膝的，甚至有不及膝的；有长袖的，半袖的，有无袖如背心的。50～70年代，旗袍几乎绝迹。80年代后又流行起来，其式样趋于洋化。男女的下衣谓裤。有长裤、短裤、外裤、内裤。旧式的裤，都没有袋子。上端统称裤，也叫裤头，多用高约半尺左右的白布缝接裤。着裤时另用一条带子把裤头绑在腰部，叫裤头带。脚管，无前后幅之分，左右亦可通用。裤裙俗叫裤斗，一般是合缝的，两裤管联成一体，叫密斗仔。民国中期，公务员和中高级知识分子，盛行穿中山衣与西装；中学男生穿黄色和黑色学生服，女生穿蓝衫青裙；青年农民时兴对襟便服，颜色以青、灰、白为主。中华人民共和国成立初期，在公职人员中，男性盛行中山装，女性盛行列宁衣。冬天则穿列宁式短棉袄，颜色多是灰色或浅蓝色。1954年提倡学习苏联，讲究穿着，青年妇女穿花连衣裙（称“布拉吉”），农村中青年农民仍着对襟平装，出门做客或办事时方穿中山装；妇女则时兴用“一九蓝”、“洋花布”做的大襟短衣。“文化大革命”期间，男女青年流行军装，中老年衣色仍以黑、灰、蓝为主，式样仍以中山装为多。80年代后衣着变化较大，男女青年衣着讲究，款式新颖，质量也随着提高，服式无一定规范，或长、或短、或宽、或窄、或素、或艳，不一而足；裤管时窄、时宽、时长、时短，因人而异。青年女子四季服饰多彩多姿，时常变化，时穿长裙子，时穿短裙子，时穿超短裙、时穿健美裤。衣料从化纤类发展为呢、羽、皮、哔吱之类的高档制品。中老年男子从中山装转化到茄克衫与西装，衣料也逐渐趋向高档。鞋 袜民国前后男女老幼多穿鞋。男鞋黑色圆口或尖口，双鼻或无鼻，圆头低帮。夏季居家则多穿木屐拖鞋。女鞋多用红色布制，尖头翘鼻，鞋帮绣花，后跟加寸许厚，形似高跟。民国禁止缠足后，女鞋与男鞋相似，鞋面加横带纽。二、三十年代后，穿皮底布鞋、胶鞋、皮鞋的日渐增多，多数女性穿高跟皮鞋。中华人民共和国成立后，50年代以胶底布鞋、军鞋和皮鞋为主。60年代随着塑料工业发展，各种塑料鞋、塑料拖鞋进入市场，夏秋季人们以穿塑料拖鞋为主，木屐渐次被淘汰。80年代，青年男女和干部、职工，大多穿用款式新颖、色调多种的皮鞋。旧时男女皆穿布制的袜子，缠足妇女以苎纟齐织成宽五六厘米、长二米左右的裹脚布（俗称“脚带”）缠脚。四、五十年代后，针织袜、丝袜、尼龙袜取代布袜。帽 子近、现代流行于民间的帽子是小帽，又叫瓜皮帽、碗帽，系男性的便帽。以六辫合缝，环成圆形，有平顶、尖顶之别。帽的质料，春冬用缎，夏秋用纱，皆黑色。帽顶缀以丝辫成的结，如花果之蒂，圆而短。富人以珊瑚或玛瑙代结，有的在帽沿前面的正中缀以小方形的翠玉为饰，到抗日战争时期便已消逝。高帽，二、三十年代随着西装从国外传入。在公职人员和知识分子中穿西装多戴高帽，有的穿长衫、长袍也戴高帽。中华人民共和国成立后，50年代，盛行灰色军便帽。“文化大革命”中盛行戴黄色军便帽，有些女青年也戴此帽。80年代后，老人、小孩因御寒戴各式呢质、纱线或毛线编织的帽子，少数人旅游戴鸭舌帽。首 饰簪、钗、耳坠、戒指、手镯为旧时妇女的主要首饰。簪、钗、耳坠，富者为金质，一般为银质，贫者为铜质。戒指一般均为金质，手镯多为玉质，也有银质、铜质的。未婚女子首饰不多，一般仅耳坠、手镯。读书学生一般不戴首饰。中华人民共和国成立后，除农村某些地区外，一般不戴首饰。80年代后，女子开始戴戒指、项链和耳环等，款式无奇不有。发 饰清代，男留长辫，已婚女子挽髻，童养媳双侧梳“蚱蜢髻”。城乡妇女均流行戴花。据说戴花既可衬映容颜的娇美，又可体现“戴花益子”，为吉祥的象征。所戴的花，主要有鲜花、通草花两种。通草花以中药通草为主要原料制成，简称草花，通称象生花。所戴的花多插于发髻上，或夹在前额的缝间，或扎于后垂的发辫中。鲜花一年四季，凡常见的花卉，或取其色，或取其香，随时宜而选用。逢年过节或家有喜庆，要戴“红笑”（色彩绚丽）的花，不戴素淡的花。福州茉莉花多，花季又长，香气浓郁，为妇女所喜爱。白玉兰花，也经常被采摘佩戴。有的花一般人禁忌不戴，如桃花、夹竹桃，虽美丽，但被视为轻薄妖冶，习俗相沿，从无人戴。妇女在孝服期间，不能戴鲜花。年轻的寡妇更为禁忌，但等儿女长成的，才可戴素淡的鲜花。清朝康熙间，福建按察使周亮工在《闽小记·闽女》中提及有关戴花的习俗。由此可见300年前福州妇女戴花的打扮，还保留着古朴的民风。通草花，为福州手工艺美术品之一，是用通草和彩色的绸、绒和布等制成的不谢之花。中老年妇女在年节或喜庆要戴“四季花”或“孩儿长春花”。四季花是把不同季节的花合在一整体，取四季常春意；孩儿长春花是用纸制的全裸的男婴坐在花丛之上，意为儿孙满堂。福州郊区有些村庄的妇女，在发髻中间插着三把刀剑形的簪，称为三条簪或便簪。三条簪多用银制，或用白铜，每条重约七八钱至一两，山区僻壤贫妇则削草制成。簪的形状扁平如剑，上尖，剑身镂刻花纹。中一簪剑刃向上，旁两簪左右交叉，刃皆向外，插于发髻之间。未嫁女子两额之下留发下垂，叫为“披肩”；既嫁，则梳发髻，插三条簪。民国19年（1930年），福建省政府代主席方声涛，以三条簪为“蛮俗”，下令严禁，强制执行，遂不复存在。它是历史上流传最为久远的福州农村妇女一种最奇特的头饰。辛亥革命（1911年）后，梳髻的妇女少了，少女剪短发者增多，戴花的习俗也不行时了。男子开始剪辫子，有的短发，有的剃光头。留短发分头的多为对半开，也有四六、三七开，一般左少右多。“五四”运动后，知识界妇女也开始剪短发。中华人民共和国成立初期，男子大多留分头，女子多梳齐肩双辫。“文化大革命”中，中青年男子时兴留短发平头，女子则时兴梳一条羊角小辫。80年代以后，妇女基本上都留长发，中青年妇女多烫发。以后青年女子逐渐时兴马尾巴式束发，或披脑后，或歪左右。少数青年男子也有留齐肩发和小胡子的。

The motherland, I wish you a happy birthday

重点词汇

一、motherland

英 [ˈmʌðəlænd]  美 [ˈmʌðərlænd]

n. 祖国；母国

短语

My Motherland 我的祖国 ; 万里海疆印象 ; 白云故乡 ; 九州深呼吸

二、wish

wish

英 [wɪʃ]  美 [wɪʃ]

v. 希望，但愿；盼望，想要；祝，祝愿；祈愿，许愿；（印度英语）问候；要求（某人）做某事

n. 希望，愿望；祈求，心愿；祝愿，祝福；想要的东西，希望的事；请求，要求

n. (Wish) （美）威什（人名）

短语

Wish You Were Here 愿你在此 ; 希望你在身边 ; 希望你在这里 ; 艾薇儿

三、 happy

英 [ˈhæpi]  美 [ˈhæpi]

adj. 幸福的；高兴的；巧妙的

n. (Happy)人名；(英、瑞典、喀)哈皮

短语

Happy Valley 欢乐谷 ; 快乐谷

四、birthday

英 [ˈbɜːθdeɪ]  美 [ˈbɜːrθdeɪ]

n. 生日，诞辰；诞生的日子

短语

birthday party 生日会 ; 生日宴会 ; 生日聚会 ; 生日派对

birthday近义词：

fete day

[feɪt deɪ]

圣徒纪念日；命名日；节日

短语

uprise fete-day 正月初九登高节

God birthday (day government official birthday , the Jade Emperor birthday) the Ninth legend: That the troops in the Tang Dynasty , Huang Chao speaks once in there is somebody newly during a certain era from the north to southward (also is Yang Zong Bao the Song dynasty , that somebody speaks is sage king Chen Yuan Guang come untied Zhang in Tang Dynasty , is legend in short )! ,When coming across the Fujian of clothes and ornaments different from language resident north troops, claim to be a "wolf" (pronunciation of southern Fujian tone "people") since hearing these residents , come untied but greatly weakening lesson. Face the Fujian of north Fang Qiang Bing resident , be forced to run away to sugarcane garden inner numerously and confusedly dodging. One has been how returns to a thing until the north soldier makes clear , has stopped killing a stamp. The south Fujian talented person steps off the sugarcane garden. It is said that Hok-lo who exists luckily only is New Year just with the day , stepping off the sugarcane garden being used to make amends for mistakes on 9th , at the beginning of the month ,custom having formed an afterwards's. The Fujian people pays a visit to God custom bend down with the sugarcane hold a memorial ceremony for. Have legend this oblation appearing, is not only this one event for the souvenir , is also that the souvenir covers ? } refugee avoiding meeting the uncle who enters the sugarcane garden but lays down self's life one to guard the sugarcane garden. Etiquette and custom: Be to be to hold a memorial ceremony for magical time afterwards in night the Eighth, from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m. the Ninth. At this time, the belief God family city prepare an oblation paying a visit to God. The family , meeting being particular about ceremony are depended on outdoors or choose one place of space not chevaux-de-frise , being able to be straight to the horizon within indoor courtyard , use two tables to overlap each other ready-made a chancel, every readjusts oneself to a certain extent a sugarcane in two flanks, to hope that the sky holds a memorial ceremony for god in the early morning. Hold a memorial ceremony for the magical sugarcane must bring a leaf along , rise successively with the symbol sweet draw the scattered leaf of branch open successively. The first month of the lunar year is magical maximal day community the Jade Emperor birthday , popular name "God life " on the Ninth. "God" is "the Jade Emperor" , Taoism is called "yuan of beginning supernatural being ", be to govern the maximal god of universe, on every occasion his birthday, people may hold the ritual Yi Biao congratulate, between-meal nibbles gets one since the midnight until the four seasons in the small hours of that very day, can hear without stop field firecracker sound. Hold a memorial ceremony for the ceremony paying a visit to God , pretty ceremonious, furnish and decorate an altar under main hall God stove , being that again again and again high old-fashioned eight-people square table of paper is `to be equivalent to a table' purchase a gold in the long wooden bench or taboret first in general, the table is front and the table tying up lucky pattern surrounds, work out a table in addition at the back". (The throne , front central authority "being equivalent to a table in" enshrining and worshiping magical seat symbol God) using color paper to be made from are an incense burner , the stokehold has pricking three paperback red line Shus and green tea to be candleholder three cups, by the side of the stove; Arrange five fruit (fruit such as tangerine , tangerine , apple , banana , sugarcane) , six vegetarian diet (acupuncture needle , Auricularia auricula , mushroom , the heart , exuberant bean , mung bean etc.) afterwards offering sacrifices to the Jade Emperor; Go down a table enshrining and worshiping five domestic animal (chicken , ducks , fish , ova , porks or pig bellies , dye red , strike tortoise shell seal besides pork liver) , sweet material (grow the benevolence , meter of Chinese date , wait ) , red young cake tortoise ? @ (resembles the tortoise shape ,to symbolize that complying with that long-lived of person) waits for to hold a memorial ceremony for the Jade Emperor is magical. Use personal influence: Suggest that Taoism organization holds society everywhere in this on 1st showing solicitude for an activity. Except celebrating the magical birthday , also, holding in connection with world peace and promoting among people making a wish that communicating with is flexible , coordinate and various identical subject lecture or exhibition. The ghat is offered the character pavilion politely in Taiwan Mei Nong Town by three-level historic site of column for , the kind broad place of strategic importance hall is also built Mei Nong religion and culture having offering the pavilion and the character pavilion politely , the place is composed of `a sage trace the meeting' is in lunar calendar yuan of God at the beginning of the month on 9th birthday every year that very day, with offering the character pavilion politely and being expert in collecting incense ashes and wastepaper with characters written or printed on it ash to the gold during the past 1 year broadly, hold after sending wastepaper with characters written or printed on it ash to hold a memorial ceremony for the instrument canon, in pouring these ashes into a river, Let river water these gold incense ashes and wastepaper with characters written or printed on it ash be taken to enter every farmland , dodge crops good harvest, and pray for the streams patronizing river next year countryside crops good harvest, blesses and protects the place is happy safety unceasingly. The north still had China in the past holding Jade Emperor holding a memorial ceremony for , lifted up Jade Emperor picture or statue of a god or Buddha traveling a village making rounds of visit to the street convention. Significance: God is given birth to though being a Church festival. But, legend relevant to God birthday, have reflected active being against war but thought, emphasize importance not communicating with language culture. We certainly unnecessarily take legend seriously, but, the Han nationality moves from east Jin Chao to the Tang Dynasty in large scale in history when entering Fujian, indeed with the native had produced contradiction; The Chinese that time soldier weakens with his common people of race (or even with the "wolf" for the totem minority tribes) should become son of bitch's have happened poke behavior , indeed possible , certainly is also to violate Heaven's care for every living thing. Past historical facts , possibility are able to evolve becoming legend, legend have some behind fact basis. This is legend , alerts us, the war terrifying and innocent person of the common people. It explanation , race and race also, stop going into battle as well as person and person accept ability each other; Having gone deep into the other party on self's own initiative and communicating with for peace , people is very important.

亲,不同地方的习俗是不一样滴，只有自己家乡的才有味道，你要是普变s的习俗，直接百度搜一下就行了