tuzhiluobo
1. You have just come back from your hometown.你刚从你的家乡回来。* have come现在完成时现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去，但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。用助动词have/has +动词的过去分词构成。翻译成汉语时通常会用到“已经”等字样。常与already, yet, just ,ever, never, in the past years, in the last five years, since, for 等词或词组相连用。e.g.We have seen this movie already.我们已看过这部电影。e.g.She has been in this city for three years.她在这座城里已经呆了三年了。e.g.The train has just left.火车刚刚已经离开了。e.g.Have you seen the doctor yet?你已经看过医生了吗？现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：*现在完成时强调某一发生在过去的动作或存在的状态与现在的联系。e.g.John has been to MountHuang with his parents.约翰曾经和他父母一起去过黄山。e.g.I have learnt a lot from this.我从中学到了许多东西。e.g.We have been there for many times.我们曾去过那里很多次。e.g.Have you ever been to a water park?你去过水上公园吗？e.g.She has never been to this city.她从没来过这个城市。*过去时表达发生在过去的动作或存在的状态,只表示一个信息，不强调与现在的联系.e.g.I have done something in a disabled children’s home. I did it during this summer holiday.我曾在一个残疾儿童之家帮过忙。是今年夏天的事。e.g.They went to the space museum last year.他们去年去过太空博物馆。e.g.What did you do last Sunday?你上个星期天干什么？e.g.I saw him yesterday morning.我是昨天上午看见他的。e.g.She didn’t go there last week.她上个星期没去那里。以上句中有明显的过去时间状语，所以用一般过去时。2. Where have you been, Jane?你去了哪里，Jane?have been to 曾经去过某地（现在已回来）e.g.Have you ever been to the Great Wall ?你去过长城吗？e.g.I have been to your hometown.我曾经去过你的家乡。* have /has been to 与 have /has gone to 的区别.have /has been to… 曾经去过…（但已返回）e.g.I have been to an English training school to improve my English.我去了一个英语培训学校去提高我的英语。e.g.I’ve been to Beijing three times.我曾经去过北京三次。e.g.－Have you ever been to that city?－Yes, I have.你曾经去过那个城市吗？是的，去过。have /has gone to“去了…（还没回来）”e.g.－Where is your sister?你姐姐去哪儿了？－She has gone to the city library.她去市图书馆了。e.g.Mr Wang has gone to American. He will be back next month.王先生去了美国。他将在下个月回来。3. Have you ever taken part in any activities to help children ?你是否参加过任何帮助儿童的活动？ever（用于一般疑问句、否定句以及表示条件和比较的从句）在任何时候e.g.Have you ever been to Beijing ?你曾经到过北京吗？e.g.Have you ever fed the disabled children ?你曾给残疾儿童喂过饭吗？e.g.This is the most interesting movie I have ever seen.这是我曾看过的最有趣的一部影片。e.g.If you ever come to Shanghai , be sure to let me know.如果你到上海来，务必通知我。4. Parents couldn’t afford education for their children.父母们负担不起孩子们的教育费用。afford vt. 负担得起（…的费用、损失、后果等）通常与can ,be able to 连用。e.g.He wanted to watch the soccer game, but he couldn’t afford to buy the ticket.他想去看球赛，但又买不起票。e.g.He isn’t able to buy a new car, so he has to buy a used one.他买不起新车，只好买辆二手车。5. Our job was to grow cotton.我们的工作是种棉花。be + to do sth. 构成系表结构。e.g.Our duty is to help them.我们的职责是帮助他们。e.g.What he wanted to buy is a nice bike.他想要买的是一辆精良的自行车。6. I had to divide my money into two parts.我不得不一分钱分成两半来花。divide …into…把……分成e.g.Let’s divide ourselves into two groups.我们分成两组吧。e.g.The river divides the village into two parts.这条小河将村子分成两半。7. Kangkang, you should feel satisfied with your life now.康康，你应当对你现在的生活感到满意。feel satisfied with…对……感到满意e.g.Our teacher felt satisfied with our grades.老师对我们的成绩感到满意。e.g.Do you feel satisfied with what he has done ?你对他所做的感到满意吗？8. But China has developed rapidly in recent years.但是中国在近几年里取得了飞速的发展。develop vt.发展、发扬e.g.The place has rapidly developed from a small village into a town.这个小村庄已经很快发展成一个城镇。e.g.She developed the company from nothing.她白手起家办起了这家公司。9. Thanks to the government’s efforts, Beijing, the capital of China, will host the 2008 Olympic Games.由于政府的努力，首都北京将承办2008年奥运会。thanks to … 幸亏有了……；由于……e.g.Thanks to the teacher’s help, we got good grade in the exam.多亏有了老师的帮助，我们在考试中取得了好成绩。e.g.Thanks to the bad weather, we have to put the sports meeting off.由于天气不好，我们不得不将运动会延期。
cathryn0603
take photos 照相 so…that 如此……以致于 have /has been to 到过 an English training school 一所英语培训学校在地 take part in 参加 a disabled child 残疾儿童 learn…from 从……学会 around the world 全世界 in the past 在过去 in detail 详细地 no chance 没机会 make money 赚钱 give support to 为某人提供帮助 get a good education 得到好的教育 have/has gone to 到过 by the way 顺便问一下 search the internet 上网 used to be 去过曾经是with the development of China 随着中国的发展 at sunrise 日出时 grow cotton 种植棉花 go hungry 变得很饿 shout at 对…… 喊叫 divide…into 把……分成 send…to 把……送到…… at that time 在那时 feel satisfied with 对……满意 be used to do sth. 被用来做…… more than 超过 during the vacation 在假期期间 living condition 生活条件 in recent years 在近几年 make progress 取得进步 live in present 立足现在 dream about 展望未来 happen to somebody/something ( 事情)发生在……身上，临到……头上 happen to do something 碰巧 thanks to 因为……，the capital of China中国首都 host the 2008 Olympic Games 举办2008奥运会 stand for 代表 as well 也 prepare for为…… 做准备 taken place 发生 with the help of 在……帮助下get lost 丢失 hate to go 讨厌去 o do I. 我也是。 on the weekend 在周末 hear from 收到……的来信 at least 至少 because of 因为 one-child policy 独生子女政策略 职 be strict with 对……严格要求 a short time 一会儿 rise to 升到 one fifth 五分之一 less than少于not only…but also… 不但……而且 be known as 作为……而著名a couple of hours 几小时 both…and …和…两者都 even though 即使a lot of pressure 许多压力 in trouble 处于困境中homeless people 无家可归的人 people in need 需要帮助的人 decide on suitable way 选定适当方式 so that 以便于 get used to 习惯于 in fact 事实上 many kinds of 许多种 such as 比如 so on 等等 street kids 街头流浪儿 kids in the Hall流浪儿之家 the name of ……的名字 at the same time 同时 obey rules 遵守纪律 take drugs 捡拉圾 disobeys rules 不遵守纪律 stay in 呆在 give a chance to 给……一个机会 raise money 升工资 paid for 偿还 thousands of 成千上万 hear of 听说come for a visit不得 来参观 feel good 感觉良好 be successful in doing 成功完成某事 Project Hope 希望工程 看到鱼儿游来游去 see fish swimming (see sb. doing sth.) 去野餐 have a picnic/go for a picnic 3城市面貌 the look of our cities 4把废水倒入河里 pour waste into river 5有用的事物 something useful 6忍受/改善/保护环境 stand /improve / protect the environment 7产生难闻的气味 produce terrible gas 8情绪好/差 in a good / bad mood 9设法做某事manage to do sth. 10感到不舒适 feel uncomfortable 11对某人/某物有害be harmful to sb. / sth.（do harm to sb./sth.） 12目前,现在 at present 13写信给某人 write to sb. 14发出太多的噪音 make too much noise 15打扰别人 disturb others 16一种污染 a kind of pollution 17对做了某事感到抱歉 be sorry for doing sth. 18各种各样的 all sorts of / all kinds of 19在吵杂的条件下 in noisy conditions 20变聋了 go / become deaf 21听力丧失 have hearing loss 22相当多 quite a few 23（几乎）与……一样差 no better than 看这篇文章 read this article 2．到处 here and there = everywhere 3．照顾 care for = look after = take care of 4．踩草坪 walk on grass 5．摘花 pick flowers 6．一开始，初期 in the beginning 7．一天天，逐日 day by day 8．开始意识 come to realize 9．处于做某事的危险中 be in danger of (doing) sth. 10．把土冲走/吹走 wash/blow the earth away 11．阻止……做某事 stop / prevent …(from) doing sth. 12．阻止……做某事 keep…from doing sth. 13．结果 as a result 14．砍倒 cut down 15．转变成 change into = turn into 16．切断供水 cut off the water supply 17．在地球上 on the earth 18．人 human bein 19．破坏/损害/污染环境 destroy/ harm/ pollute the environment 20．形成 come into being 21．海平面 the level of the sea / the sea level 22．关掉水龙头 turn the tap off / turn off the tap 23．带走 take away 24．提到，涉及，有关 refer to 25．占据(时间，空间等) take up 26．把…分成 divide… into… 27．温室效应 the greenhouse effect 28. 与此同时 at the same time29. 处理，解决 deal with环境保护 environmental protection 2为……工作 work for… 3宣传有关…… spread the message about… 4减少浪费/ 空气污染 reduce the waste/ air pollution 5……的两面 both sides of … 6塑料袋 plastic bags 7鼓励某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth.8省钱/ 能源/ 电save money/ energy/ electricity 9应当做某事 be supposed to do sth. 10应该做某事(语气较强) ought to do sth.11关灯 turn off the lights 12短途旅行 travel a short distance 13请准时 Please be on time. 14把垃圾分类 sort the garbage15在沙滩上 on the beach16从……获得能量 produce power from… 17被广泛应用 be widely used18发动汽车 run the car 19把…向前/向下推 push…forward / down 20把…向上拉 pull…up 21通过做某事发电 produce electricity by doing sth. 22淋浴 take a shower 23短途旅行make a short journey 24捡起垃圾 pick the litter up 25再努力 try harder 1.be able to=can 能够,会 2.can’t wait to do sth.迫不急待地做某事3.have a (good) chance to do sth.有(好)机会做某事 4. on business出差5.be made by…被……制做; be made of/from…由……制成;be made in…在某地制造6. practice doing sth.练习做某事 7.be similar to…和……相似8.translate…into…把……翻译成…… 9.have no/some trouble (in) doing sth.做某事没有/有些困难10.once in a while=sometimes/at times偶尔,间或 11. call for号召 12.as well as以及 13.encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事14.take the leading position处于领先地位 15.mother tongue 母语16. whenever=no matter when无论何时 17.throughout the world 全世界18. from now on 从今往后 19.offical language 官方语言20.in general 总的来说 1.by the way 顺便说一下 2.depend on取决于……；依靠……3.be different from与……不同 4.succeed in成功，达成5.make yourself understood表达你自己的意思 6. see sb. off给……送行7. on one’s way to 在某人去……的路上8.leave for…前往某地/leave…for…离开……去……9.in twenty minutes二十分钟之后 10.written English笔头英语/oral English英语口语11.generally speaking一般说来，大致上说 12.as for sb./sth.至于某人/某物13.be close to…靠近…… 14.in person身体上，外貌上；亲自15.be found of…爱好…… 16.even worse 更糟的是17.be forced to do sth.被迫做……/force sb.to do强迫某人做某事 18.well done 干得不错 19.put out 伸出 20.ask for a ride 搭车 21.face to face面对面 22.little by little 逐渐地 23.in a word 简而言之24.fill in/out 填充 25.come about 发生1.in public在公共场所 2.at times=sometimes有时3.feel like doing=would like to do想要做…… 4..give up sth./doing sth.放弃5..turn to sb. for help求助于某人 6..give sb. some advice on/about…给某人一些有关……的建议7..be weak in在……方面很差/be good at在……方面很好 8..be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事 9.make mistakes犯错误10.take a deep breath深呼吸 11.the best time to do做某事最好的时间 12.do some listening practice做些听力训练 13.reply to=answer回答 14.advise sb. to do建议某人做某事（名词advice） 15.keep a diary写日记16.last but not least 最后但同等重要的 17.keep on doing 继续做某事18.look up 查阅（字典等）be known by be known as=be famous as be known for=be famous fordream of doing sth.make/made progress in doing sth. make/made progress with sth.achieve/realize one’s dream =one’s dream come trueIt takes/took sb.+时间+to do sth.=sb spend/spent+时间+on sth./in doing sth.be controlled byadvise sb to do sth.be important to do sth. be important to sb.Thanks for your introduction.introduce sb to sb.expect sb to do sth tell/told/ask sb to do sthuse sth to do sth.order sb to do want sb to doteach sb to do warn sb to dosee/watch/hear sb do/doing sthadd---to---
寻找茉莉花
Topic 1 Ourcountry has developed rapidly.话题1 我们的国家飞速发展。proper ['prɔpə]['prɑpɚ]adj.恰当的，合适的；真正的by theway 顺便说volunteer[vɔlən'tiə][vɑlən'tɪr]n.义务工作者；志愿者bell n.钟(铃)声；铃，钟；钟状物grandpa['grændpɑ:]n.爷爷；外公chairwoman['tʃɛəwumən] n.女主席，女会长；女议长grandson['grændsʌn] n.(外)孙子disabled[dis'eibld] adj.残疾的，残废的shut [ʃʌt] v.关上，封闭；禁闭；合拢rope [rəup] n.绳子，绳索teenager ['ti:neidʒə] n.(13～19岁的)青少年，十几岁的少年granny['græni] n.祖母，外婆；老奶奶describe[di'skraib] v.描写，叙述in detail['di:teil] 详细地education[,edjukeiʃn] n.教育；培养childhood['tʃaild,hud] n.童年，幼年时代support[sə'pɔ:t] v.&n．供养，抚养；支持，赞助laborer['leibərə] n.（尤指户外的）体力劳动者，劳工，工人develop[di'veləp] v.(使)发展；(使)发达；开发rapidly['ræpidli] adv.快地，迅速地luckily['lʌkili] adv.幸运的development[di'veləpmənt] n.发展；发达；开发narrow['nærəu] adj.狭窄的communication[kə,mju:ni'keiʃən] n.交流；交往；通讯quick[kwik] adj.快的；敏捷的；急剧的；adv.快地；敏捷地；急剧地leisure['li:ʒə] n.空闲，闲暇，业余时间keep intouch with跟……保持联系relative['relətiv] n.亲属，亲戚faraway 遥远的mainly['meinli] adv.主要地，总体上，大致telegram['teligræm] n.电报；电文reformand opening-up 改革开放sort [sɔ:t] n.种类，类别；v.把……分类；拣选fax[fæks] n.传真；传真机rapid['ræpid] adj.快的，迅速的progress['prəugres] n.进步；进展；v.进展；逐步发展makeprogress取得进展；取得进步already [ɔ:l'redi] adv.已经succeed[sək'si:d] v.成功organization[,ɔ:gənai'zeiʃən] n.组织，机构war [wɔ:] n.战争tug ofwar n.拔河note [nəut] n.便条；笔记；注释；钞票，纸币；v.记下，记录；注意，留意composition[,kɔmpə'ziʃən] n.作文；作曲consider[kən'sidə] v.考虑drawup 拟定，起草tool[tu:l] n.工具，器具thanksto 幸亏，由于Unit 1 第1单元Topic 2 China has thelargest poipulation.话题2 中国拥有最庞大的人口。yet [jet] adv.尚，还，仍热probably['prɔbəbli] adv.很可能，大概callup 打电话，号召European[,juərə'pi:ən] adj.欧洲的population[,pɔpju'leiʃən] n.人口，人数recent['ri:snt] adj.近来的，最近的becauseof 因为，由于policy['pɔlisi] n.政策，方针neither adv.也不billion['biljən] num．十亿increase[in'kri:s] v.(使)增加，(使)增大 n.增加，增强，增大difficulty['difikəlti] n.困难，费力be shortof 短缺sofar 到目前为止measure['meʒə] n.措施，方法takemeasures to do sth.采取措施做某事newborn['nju:,bɔ:n] adj.新生的，初生的percent[pə'sent] n.百分之……unless [ən'les] conj.如果不……，除非……couple['kʌpl] n.一对；夫妇a coupleof 一些，几个market['mɑ:kit] n.市场；集市transportation[,trænspə'teiʃən] n.运输，运送excellent['eksələnt] adj.极好的，优秀的keep upwith 赶上，跟上relation[ri'leiʃən] n.关系；亲属belongto 属于Unit 1 第1单元Topic 3 Theworld has changed for the better.话题3 中国变得越来越好。as amatter offact事实上，其实flood [flʌd] n.洪水；v.(被)淹没；(使)泛滥discover[dis'kʌvə] v.发现direct[di'rekt] adj.直接的；直达的；v.指挥；指导；监督；管理possible['pɔsəbl] adj.可能的fair [fɛə] adj.公平的，合理的；（肤色）白皙的invention[in'venʃən] n.发明，创造excite[ik'sait] adj.使兴奋，使激动inneed 在困难时，在贫困之中medical['medikəl] adj.医学的；医疗的treatment['tri:tmənt] n.疗法；治疗provide[prə'vaid] v.提供conversation[,kɔnvə'seiʃən] n.谈话，交谈secretary['sekrətri] n.秘书；书记engineer[,endʒi'niə] n.工程师；技师fisherman['fiʃəmən] n.渔民；钓鱼健身者dead[ded] adj.死的，无生命的army ['ɑ:mi] n.军队wound[waund] n.创伤，伤口；v.伤，伤害granddaughter['græn,dɔ:tə] n.孙女，外孙女grandchild['grændtʃaild] n.(外)孙或孙女，孙辈ache[eik] n.& v. 痛，疼痛fire [faiə] n.火；火炉stairs n.楼梯downstairs[,daun'stɛəz] adv.在楼下，到楼下；n.楼下board [bɔ:d] n.木板；布告牌；委员会；v.上（船，火车，飞机）skill['skil] n.技能，技巧drug [drʌg] n.毒品；药，药物steal[sti:l] v.偷，窃取disobey[,disə'bei] v.不服从purpose['pə:pəs] n.目的，意图mention['menʃən] v.提到，说起；n.提及social['səuʃəl] adj.社会的aim [eim] v.力求达到，力争做到；目的是，旨在；n.目标abroad [ə'brɔ:d] adv.到(在)国外at homeand abroad 国内外payfor 付款Unit2第2单元Topic1 Pollutionis harmful to people's health.话题1 污染有害人们的身体健康。bee [bi:] n.蜜蜂mygoodness 天哪；啊呀chemical['kemikəl] adj.化学的；n.化学品waste[weist] adj.废弃的，丢弃的，无用的；n.废弃物，废料；v.浪费stream[stri:m] n.小溪soil [sɔil] n.土壤，土地breathe[bri:ð] v.呼吸harmful['hɑ:mfəl] adj.有害的be harmful to...(尤指对健康或环境)有害的，导致损害的influence['influəns] v.&n.影响weak[wi:k] adj.弱的；差的；淡的produce[prə'dju:s] n.生产；出产；制造gas [gæs] n.气体；煤气chest [tʃest] n.胸部；箱子，盒子anyway['eni,wei] adv.不管怎样following ['fɔləuiŋ] adj。下述的，下列的；（时间上）接着的coal [kəul] n.煤electricity[,ilek'trisiti] n.电；电流partner['pɑ:tnə] n.搭档，合作者deaf[def] adj.聋的print[print] v.印刷hearingloss 听力丧失disturb[dis'tə:b] v.打扰；扰乱harm [hɑ:m] n.&v.危害；伤害；损害including prep.包括……在内title['taitl] n.标题，题目rubbish['rʌbiʃ] n.垃圾；废物sawmill['sɔ:mil] n.(把木材锯成木板的)锯木厂nearby['niəbai] adj.附近的effect[i'fekt] n.效果；作用create[kri'eit] v.造成；创造industry['indəstri] n.产业，工业destroy[dis'trɔi] v.破坏，毁坏blood [blʌd] n.血，血液pressure['preʃə] n.压力；压迫；压强Unit2 第2单元Topic 2 Allthese problems are very serious.话题2 所有这些问题都很严重。as aresult (作为)结果；由于rude[ru:d] adj.无理的，粗鲁的behavior[bi'heivjə] n.行为，举止in thebeginning 一开始；初期day byday 一天天；逐日dieout 消失，灭亡importance[im'pɔ:təns] n.重要性sand[sænd] n.沙，沙子sandstorm['sændstɔ:m] n.沙尘暴cutdown 砍倒changeinto 转换成，把……变成desert['dezət] n.沙漠desert v.舍弃，遗弃prevent[pri'vent] v.防止，预防prevent...from 妨碍，防止，预防humanbeing 人although[ɔ:l'ðəu] conj.虽然，尽管law [lɔ:] n.法律，法令；定律turn off 关掉(水、电、电视、收音机等)tap n.(自来水，煤气等的)龙头on earth 在地球上；究竟，到底ozonelayer 臭氧层carbondioxide 二氧化碳period['piəriəd] n.时期，时代millionsof 无数的，大量的，数以百万计的take away拿走pollute[pə'lu:t] v.污染oxygen ['ɔksidʒən] n.氧气radiation[,reidi'eiʃən] n.放射，放射物blanket['blæŋkit] n.毛毯，毯子escape[is'keip] n.&v.逃跑；逃脱rise[raiz] v.上升，上涨thegreenhouse effect温室效应level['levl] n.水平线，水平Mars [mɑ:z] n.火星refer to 提到，涉及，有关takeup 占去，占据(时间、空间等)garbage['gɑ:bidʒ] n.垃圾recycle[ri:'saikl] v.回收；再循环Unit2 第2单元Topic 3 Wouldyou like to be a greener person?话题3 你想成为一位环保人士吗？reduce[ri'dju:s] v.减小；缩小；降低plastic['plæstik] adj.塑料的can n.(美)罐子；罐头suppose[sə'pəuz] v.猜想，假定，料想besuppose to do 应当，应该nod [nɔd]v.点头agreement[ə'gri:mənt] n.同意，一致；协定，协议shake [ʃeik] v.(使)动摇，震动oughtto 应该distance['distəns] n.距离cloth [klɔθ] n.布action['ækʃən] n.行动，动作battery['bætəri] n.电池power['pauə] n.电力；动力；力acidrain 酸雨nuclear['nju:kliə] adj.原子核的，原子能的；核动力的biogas n.沼气technology[tek'nɔlədʒi] n.技术straw[strɔ:] n.（收割后干燥的）禾杆，麦秆，稻草electric[i'lektrik] adj.电动的，用电的efficient[i'fiʃənt] adj.效率高的；有能力的maglevtrain磁悬浮列车per [pə] prep.每，每一wheel[hwi:l] n.轮，车轮，轮子guide[gaid] n.向导，导游；指南，手册steel[sti:l] \m n.钢，钢铁movement['mu:vmənt] n.运动；活动journey['dʒə:ni] n.旅行，路程towel['tauəl] n.毛巾offer ['ɔ:fə] v.& n.提供
仁义小红累不爱
Unit 1 Topic 1proper adj.恰当的，合适的；真正的by the way 顺便说volunteer n.义务工作者；志愿者bell n.钟(铃)声；铃，钟；钟状物grandpa n.爷爷；外公chairwoman n.女主席，女会长；女议长grandson n.(外)孙子disabled adj.残疾的，残废的shut v.关上，封闭；禁闭；合拢rope n.绳子，绳索teenager n.(13～19岁的)青少年， 十几岁的少年granny n.祖母，外婆；老奶奶describe v.描写，叙述 in detail 详细地education n.教育；培养childhood n.童年，幼年时代support v.&n．供养，抚养；支持，赞助laborer n.（尤指户外的）体力劳动者， 劳工，工人develop v.(使)发展；(使)发达；开发rapidly adv.快地，迅速地 luckily adv.幸运的development n.发展；发达；开发narrow adj.狭窄的communication n.交流；交往；通讯quick adj.快的；敏捷的；急剧的；adv.快地；敏捷地；急剧地leisure n.空闲，闲暇，业余时间keep in touch with跟……保持联系relative n.亲属，亲戚 far away 遥远的mainly adv.主要地，总体上，大致telegram n.电报；电文reform and opening-up 改革开放sort n.种类，类别； v.把……分类；拣选fax n.传真；传真机rapid adj.快的，迅速的progress n.进步；进展； v.进展；逐步发展make progress取得进展；取得进步already adv.已经succeed v.成功organization n.组织，机构war n.战争tug of war n.拔河note n.便条；笔记；注释；钞票，纸币；v.记下，记录；注意，留意composition n.作文；作曲consider v.考虑draw up 拟定，起草tool n.工具，器具thanks to 幸亏，由于Unit 1 Topic 2probably adv.很可能，大概call up 打电话，号召European adj.欧洲的population n.人口，人数recent adj.近来的，最近的because of 因为，由于policy n.政策，方针neither adv.也不billion num．十亿increase v.(使)增加，(使)增大 n.增加，增强，增大difficulty n.困难，费力be short of 短缺so far 到目前为止measure n.措施，方法take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事newborn adj.新生的，初生的percent n.百分之……unless conj.如果不……，除非……couple n.一对；夫妇a couple of 一些，几个market n.市场；集市transportation n.运输，运送excellent adj.极好的，优秀的keep up with 赶上，跟上relation n.关系；亲属belong to 属于Unit 1Topic 3flood n.洪水；v.(被)淹没；(使)泛滥discover v.发现direct adj.直接的；直达的； v.指挥；指导；监督；管理possible adj.可能的fair adj.公平的，合理的；（肤色）白皙的invention n.发明，创造excite adj.使兴奋，使激动in need 在困难时，在贫困之中medical adj.医学的；医疗的treatment n.疗法；治疗provide v.提供conversation n.谈话，交谈secretary n.秘书；书记engineer n.工程师；技师fisherman n.渔民；钓鱼健身者dead adj.死的，无生命的army n.军队wound n.创伤，伤口； v.伤，伤害granddaughter n.孙女，外孙女grandchild n.(外)孙或孙女，孙辈ache n.& v. 痛，疼痛fire n.火；火炉stairs n.楼梯downstairs adv.在楼下，到楼下； n.楼下board n.木板；布告牌；委员会； v.上（船，火车，飞机）skill n.技能，技巧drug n.毒品；药，药物steal v.偷，窃取disobey v.不服从purpose n.目的，意图mention v.提到，说起； n.提及social adj.社会的aim v.力求达到，力争做到；目的是，旨在；n.目标abroad adv.到(在)国外at home and abroad 国内外pay for 付款Unit2 Topic1bee n.蜜蜂my goodness 天哪；啊呀chemical adj.化学的； n.化学品waste adj.废弃的，丢弃的，无用的； n.废弃物，废料； v.浪费stream n.小溪soil n.土壤，土地breathe v.呼吸harmful adj.有害的be harmful to...(尤指对健康或环境)有害的，导致损害的influence v.&n.影响weak adj.弱的；差的；淡的produce n.生产；出产；制造gas n.气体；煤气chest n.胸部；箱子，盒子anyway adv.不管怎样following adj。下述的，下列的；（时间上）接着的coal n.煤electricity n.电；电流partner n.搭档，合作者deaf adj.聋的print v.印刷hearing loss 听力丧失disturb v.打扰；扰乱harm n.&v.危害；伤害；损害including prep.包括……在内title n.标题，题目rubbish n.垃圾；废物sawmill n.(把木材锯成木板的)锯木厂nearby adj.附近的effect n.效果；作用create v.造成；创造industry n.产业，工业destroy v.破坏，毁坏blood n.血，血液pressure n.压力；压迫；压强Unit2Topic 2as a result (作为)结果；由于rude adj.无理的，粗鲁的behavior n.行为，举止in the beginning 一开始；初期day by day 一天天；逐日die out 消失，灭亡importance n.重要性sand n.沙，沙子sandstorm n.沙尘暴cut down 砍倒change into 转换成，把……变成desert n.沙漠desert v.舍弃，遗弃prevent v.防止，预防prevent...from 妨碍，防止，预防human being 人although conj.虽然，尽管law n.法律，法令；定律turn off 关掉(水、电、电视、收音机等)tap n.(自来水，煤气等的)龙头on earth 在地球上；究竟，到底ozone layer 臭氧层carbon dioxide 二氧化碳period n.时期，时代millions of 无数的，大量的，数以百万计的ake away 拿走pollute v.污染 oxygen n.氧气radiation n.放射，放射物blanket n.毛毯，毯子escape n.&v.逃跑；逃脱rise v.上升，上涨the greenhouse effect温室效应level n.水平线，水平Mars n.火星refer to 提到，涉及，有关take up 占去，占据(时间、空间等)garbage n.垃圾recycle v.回收；再循环Unit2 Topic 3reduce v.减小；缩小；降低plastic adj.塑料的can n.(美)罐子；罐头suppose v.猜想，假定，料想be suppose to do 应当，应该nod v.点头agreement n.同意，一致；协定，协议shake v.(使)动摇，震动ought to 应该distance n.距离cloth n.布action n.行动，动作battery n.电池power n.电力；动力；力acid rain 酸雨nuclear adj.原子核的，原子能的；核动力的biogas n.沼气technology n.技术straw n.（收割后干燥的）禾杆，麦秆，稻草electric adj.电动的，用电的efficient adj.效率高的；有能力的maglev train磁悬浮列车per prep.每，每一wheel n.轮，车轮，轮子guide n.向导，导游；指南，手册steel\m n.钢，钢铁movement n.运动；活动journey n.旅行，路程towel n.毛巾offer v.& n.提供Review of Units 1-2Reason n.理由，原因； v. 评理；劝说television n.电视机；电视节目；电视competition n.比赛，竞赛regret v. 感到遗憾，惋惜，懊悔； n.同喜，懊悔，遗憾，失望view n.视野，视域；景色；看法，见解cheat v.&n.骗取，哄骗；作弊chemistry n.化学 punish v.惩罚，处罚strange adj.奇怪的，奇特的，陌生的murder n.&v.谋杀 lamb n.羔羊operation n.手术；操作marry v.(使)成婚，结婚nor conj.也不neither...nor 既不……也不toilet n.厕所fix v.解决；修理；安装unit 3 Topic 1cartoon n.动画片，卡通；漫画character n.(书、剧本、电影等中的人物，角色；(汉)字，字体；品格language n.语言throughout prep.遍及，在……各处；贯穿from now on 从今往后，从现在开始garage n.汽车间(库)be pleased with... 高兴；满意pack v.把……打包；n.包，捆；(猎犬、野兽等的)一群on business 出差Spanish n.西班牙语； adj.西班牙人的，西班牙的，西班牙语的be similar to 与……相似，与……相像interpreter n.翻译；口译者translate v.翻译translate...into 把……译成orally adv.口头地exactly adv.精确地；确切地system n.体系；系统company n.公司general adj.大体的，笼统的，总的in general 通常，总的来讲，大体上besides adv.还有，此外；prep.除……以外(还有)once in a while 有时；偶尔whenever conj.每当；无论何时French n.法语； adj.法国的；法国人的；法语的divide v.分，划分divide...into... 把……分成……deliever v.投递（信件，邮包等）postman n.邮递员，邮差tongue n.语言；舌，舌头mother tongue 母语state n.国家；(美国的)州；状态，情形speaker n.讲某种语言的人；演讲人，演说家communicate v.交流；传达(感情、信息等)kingdom n.王国；管辖范围；领域the United Kingdom 联合王国tourism n.路、旅游业；观光conference n.(正式的)会议；商谈tourist n.旅游者；游客powerful adj.强大的；很有效的；有权势的；有影响力的leading adj.最主要的，第一位的position n.地位；位置； v.把(某物)放在(某个位置)，安置Unit 3Topic 2Australian adj.澳洲的；澳大利亚人的； n.澳大利亚人British daj.英国的；大不列颠的；英国人的suitcase n.(旅行用的)小提箱，衣箱trunk n.(汽车尾部的)行李箱difference n.不同之处，差异autumn n.秋天，秋季face to face 面对面see...off为某人送行put out 伸出；扑灭，关熄thumb n.(手的)拇指ask for a ride 搭乘，搭车minibus n.小型公共汽车，小巴get in 进入；收获；达到flight n.航班guidebook n.旅行指南pick up 让人乘车；搭载；捡起，拾起puzzled adj.迷惑的，困惑的victory n.胜利pronounce v.发音ral adj.口头的pronunciation n.发音clerk n.办事员；职员；文书expression n.表达；词句；表示，说法； 表情fill in 填充Pirates of the Caribbean 加勒比海盗come about 发生force v.强迫，迫使take in 吸收；收留cent n.美分German n.德语，德国人； adj.德国的，德国人的，德语的kowtow v.叩头；磕头accent n.口音，音调Unit 3Topic 3dare modal v.(后接不带to的不定式；主要用于疑问句、否定句或条件句)敢，敢于at times 有时；间或，偶尔grammar n.语法copy v.抄写，复印notebook n.笔记簿keep a diary 写日记beg v.请求，乞求parden n.& v.原谅，宽恕，对不起repeat v.重说，重做be weak in 在……方面薄弱aloud adv.大声地ability n.能力；才能make mistakes 犯错误 take a breath 吸一口气channel n.频道：toothpaste n.牙膏discussion n.讨论，谈论，商讨opinion n.看法，见解preview v.预习；试演；预展review v.复习；回顾；n.复习；复查；评论retell v.复述，重讲，重复method n.方法，办法as long as 只要stick to doing sth. 坚持（做）某事chant n.有节奏的一再重复的话语；圣歌，赞美诗whom pron.谁(who的宾格)wise adj.明智的；有判断力的learned adj.有才华的；博学的tide n.海潮，潮汐complete adj.完整的；完成的； v.完成，结束last but not least 最后但同样重要的keep on继续(进行) text n.课文，文本Unit 4Topic 1goddess n.女神legend n.传说；传奇故事hero n.英雄，勇士；男主角launch v.&n.发射spaceship n.宇宙飞船prove v.证明lunar probe 月球探测器achieve v.达到，取得manned adj.载人的；由人操纵的send up 发出，射出astronaut n.宇航员mankind n.人类magical adj.有魔力的amazing adj.令人吃惊的；令人惊异的master v.掌握，精通； n.主人introduction n.介绍，引进expect v.期望；认为；预料craft n.宇宙飞船，航天飞机，飞行器mini-world n.微型世界dry v.使……干；弄干；擦干； adj.干的，干燥的telescope n.望远镜doubt n.&v.怀疑，疑惑no doubt 无疑地tiny adj.极小的，微小的cancel v.取消，撤销；废止connect v.连接，把……联系起来for instance 例如exchange v.交换，调换；交流turn on 打开(水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等)connect to 连接，相连envelope n.信封screen n.屏幕，荧光屏click v.点击(计算机用语)click on 单击，点击inbox n.收件箱reply n.&v.答复，回答search v.&n.搜索；搜查Unit 4Topic 2rocket n.火箭metal n.金属satellite n.卫星toothbrush n.牙刷ink n.墨水，油墨recorder n.录音机digital adj.数字的，数码的bulb n.电灯泡clone v.&n.克隆(无性繁殖出来的有机体群)experiment n.实验benefit v. 使受益；对（某人）有用organ n.（人体或动植物的）器官AIDS n.艾滋病laptop n.便携式电脑servant n.仆人，佣人for certain 确切，肯定housework n.家务劳动，家务活behave v.行为；守规矩contribution n.贡献；捐款，捐资make a contribution to为……作贡献landmark n.地标，陆标；里程碑global adj.全球的，世界的thief n.小偷，贼run away 逃跑，失控Unit 4Topic 3。scientific n.科学的research n.研究，调查admire v.钦佩，羡慕basic adj.基本的，基础的coach n.教练；马车；长途车base v.以……为基础(根据)be based on 以……为基础(根据)science fiction 科幻小说solar system太阳系Roman adj.古罗马的，罗马帝国的diameter n.直径storm n.风暴，暴(风)雨gravity n.重力，引力，地心引力limit v.限制，限定universe n.宇宙beyond prep.超出……之外separate adj.单独的，分开的separate v.使分开，使分离hand in 上交；交纳Review of Units 3-4Silence n.安静，沉默throw away 扔掉 tower n.塔 prison n.监狱praise v.&n.赞扬，表扬degree n.学位；度，度数(温度单位)；程度whatever pron.无论什么，不管什么wherever conj.在任何地方；各处
