请叫我开森果
1. After you. 你先请。这是一句很常用的客套话,在进/出门,上车得场合你都可以表现一下。 2. I just couldn’t help it. 我就是忍不住。想想看,这样一个漂亮的句子可用于多少个场合?下面是随意举的一个例子: I was deeply moved by the film and I cried and cried. I just couldn’t help it. 3. Don’t take it to heart. 别往心里去,别为此而忧虑伤神。 生活实例: This test isn’t that important. Don’t take it to heart. 4. We’d better be off. 我们该走了。It’s getting late. We’d better be off . 5. Let’s face it. 面对现实吧。常表明说话人不愿意逃避困难的现状。 参考例句:I know it’s a difficult situation. Let’s face it, OK? 6. Let’s get started. 咱们开始干吧。劝导别人时说:Don’t just talk. Let’s get started. 7. I’m really dead. 我真要累死了。坦诚自己的感受时说:After all that work, I’m really dead. 8. I’ve done my best. 我已尽力了。 9. Is that so? 真是那样吗?常用在一个人听了一件事后表示惊讶、怀疑。10. Don’t play games with me!别跟我耍花招! 11. I don’t know for sure.我不确切知道。Stranger: Could you tell me how to get to the town hall? Tom: I don’t know for sure. Maybe you could ask the policeman over there. 12. I’m not going to kid you.我不是跟你开玩笑的。Karin: You quit the job? You are kidding. Jack: I’m not going to kid you. I’m serious. 13. That’s something. 太好了,太棒了。A: I’m granted a full scholarship for this semester. B: Congratulations. That’s something. 14. Brilliant idea!这主意真棒!这主意真高明! 15. Do you really mean it? 此话当真?Michael:Whenever you are short of money, just come to me. David: Do you really mean it? 16. You are a great help.你帮了大忙 17. I couldn’t be more sure. 我再也肯定不过。 18. I am behind you.我支持你。A: Whatever decision you’re going to make, I am behind you. 19. I’m broke.我身无分文。 20. Mind you!请注意!听着!(也可仅用Mind。) 模范例句:Mind you! He’s a very nice fellow though bad-tempered. 21. You can count on it.你尽管相信好了,尽管放心。A:Do you think he will come to my birthday party? B: You can count on it. 22. I never liked it anyway.我一直不太喜欢这东西。当朋友或同事不小心摔坏你的东西时就可以用上这句话给他一个台阶,打破尴尬局面:Oh, don’t worry. I’m thinking of buying a new one. I never liked it anyway. 23. That depends.看情况再说。例:I may go to the airport to meet her. But that depends. Congratulations.恭喜你,祝贺你。 24. Thanks anyway.无论如何我还是得谢谢你。 当别人尽力要帮助你却没帮成时,你就可以用这个短语表示谢意。 25. It’s a deal.一言为定 Harry: Haven’t seen you for ages. Let’s have a get-together next week. Jenny: It’s a deal英语中的礼貌 一、 间接表示间接表示是言语交际中最为常用且行之有效的礼貌表示法。间接表示可以用以下几种手段体现:1.通过语法手段1) 用过去式或不带情态意义的would/should表示委婉的请求、建议、命令等,例如:(1)It might be a good idea for us to hold two separate meetings for the problems.(表示建议)(2)You could clean the office while Im away.(表示命令)(3)Would you mind answering the phone?(表示请求)(4)There is something I should advise you not to do .(表示忠告)上面四句中的might ,could,would和should已失去了情态动词的意义,而被用来表示说话者委婉的语气,或建议、或命令、或忠告,没有引起听者丝毫的不快。2) 用进行体形式。英语中的进行体一般用来表示正在发生的动作,但有时云霄、一些动词如want,hope,wonder,think等,其进行体形式能表示礼貌,例如:(5a)I am expecting you to meet me at the airport.(6a) What were you wanting?(7a)We are wondering if you have any suggestions.试比较:(5b)I expect you to meet me at the airport.(6b)What do you want?(7b)We wonder if you have any suggestings.(5a)至(7a)用的是现在进行时,表达了说话者委婉的语气;而(5b)至(7b)用的是一般现在时,仅仅表示说话者一般的陈述或疑问。3) 用被动语态或以It作形式主语的被动结构。英语中的被动语态远比汉语用得要多,其中一个原因就是为了避免及动作执行者,以使措辞圆通,例如:(8a)No books and magazines are permitted to be taken out of the reading room.(9a)Some things haxe been said here tonight that ought not to have been spoken.(10a)It is hoped that you will not make the mistake against.试比较:(8b)Readers are not permitted to take books and magazines out of the reading room.(9b)Tom has said some things tonight that ought not to have been spoken.(10b)We hope that you will not make the mistake against.(8a)至(10a)用被动语态是为了避免提及动作的执行者,因而比(8b)至(10b)更有礼貌。2 通过暗示有时说话者出于礼貌上的原因,不直截了当提出请求或建议,而是用暗示的方法,例如:(11)It’s cold here.(12)What a boring movie!(13)I’m having an exam tomorrow.这三句话的言外之意分别为Shut the window.Let’s leave.和I can’t go.作者不直截了当表明建议或请求,而是用暗示的方法,是出于礼貌,说话者相信听者一般不会理解其中的含义的。这种现象在英语口语中尤其明显。3 形式的转变我们在文章或演讲中常常发现作者或演讲者不用I自称而换成we,不用anything和anybody表示疑问或条件,而用something和somebody,其目的在于表示谦虚,避免突出自己;或表示有诚意,让对方难以谢绝,因此也就更有礼貌,例如:(14)We’ll now explain the next point.(15)Will you have something to eat?(16)Do you need somebody to help you?例(14)中的说话者明明是”I”,却用”we”;而疑问句中一般用的疑问代词”anything”和”anybody”在例(15)和(16)句中成了”something”和”somebody”,前者是为了避免突出自己,以表示谦虚;后者是为了表示说话者有诚意,让对方感到盛情难却。二、 直接表示除了间接表示,英语中还可以用直接表示来表示礼貌,但一般须在句子中添加以个词或短语,以使说话语气变得委婉有礼。Please是一个最常用的添加语,它在句中的位置十分灵活,可居于句首或句末,也可插入句中,例如:(17)Please tell me why you are so late.(18)Do,please,flank with us.(19)Would you now go please?Please作为添加语在直接语言形式中出现是作为礼貌的标记的,是礼节附加语。另外,be so kind /good enough或be so kind/good as to通常也表示客气的请求,例如:(20)Be good enough to advise me whether I should accept the invitation.(21)Be so kind as to look after the children.在上文中我们提到,用间接语言形式表示请求或邀请,是为了礼貌,给受话者留有选择的余地。但有时我们也用命令的方式直接提出建议或发出邀请,例如:(22)Have some more brandy,Mr.Cooper.(23)You must try these apple pies.该形式没有给对方留下选择的余地,也不带礼貌的标记,但实际上这种直接语言形式也能表示礼貌的邀请或建议,该形式之所以客气礼貌,一方面是因为说话者想使对方感到盛情难却,另一方面是因为要对方作的事于他有好处。再看两个例子:(24)Do say you will stay for supper!(25)Just leave everything to me.这两个句子形式上是命令,实质上是客气的邀请和建议。句首多了do 和副词just,我们不妨将它们视为礼貌的标记。三、 含糊其辞我们谈话时,特别在陈述个人意见或提出猜测时,不愿把话说得过于肯定以免给人自以为是,强加于人的感觉,为此我们往往有意无意地含糊其辞,借助于有些模糊词语,如sort of,in a way,more or less等等,例如:(26)I sort of thought this might happen.(27)I agree with you to a certain extent,but…(28)The work is more or less finished.(29)The new proceduree have been officially christened,so to speak.从上面的例子我们可以看出,sore of,to a certain extent,more or less及so to apeak.在某种程度上缓和了肯定的口气,减少了武断的意味,从而使句子的语气更委婉些。在英语中,这类用来表示礼貌的含糊词语有不少。英语的礼貌表示法有很多种,限于篇幅,我们只谈了它的三种主要的表示法,目的是为了抛砖引玉,使大家对英语的礼貌表示法有一定的了解,从而为语言交际打开方便之门。参考文献1、初中英语教材(Junior English for China).2、初中英语教师教学用书3、高中英语教材(Senior English for China student’s book2b)4、高中英语教师教学用书5、贾玉新.跨文化交际学.上海外语教育出版社,19976、顾嘉祖主编.语言与文化.上海外语教育出版社,1990(总字数3513)开幕/闭幕式 opening/closing ceremony开幕词 opening speech/address致开幕词 make an opening speech友好访问 goodwill visit 阁下 Your/His/Her Honor/Excellency贵宾 distinguished guest尊敬的市长先生 Respected Mr.Mayor远道而来/来自大洋彼岸的朋友 friends coming from a distant land/the other side of the Pacific东道国 host country宣布……开幕 declare……open值此之际 on the occasion of 借此机会 take this opportunity to以……名义 in the name of 本着……精神 in the spirit of 代表 on the behalf of 由衷的谢意 heartfelt thanks友好款待 gracious hospitality正式邀请 official invitation回顾过去 look back on展望未来 look ahead/look into the future最后 in closing圆满成功 a complete success提议祝酒 propose a toast 第二部分 词语扩展一、政治词汇亚太地区 Asian-Pacific region建交 establishment of diplomatic relations between互访 exchange of visit外交政策 foreign policy一贯奉行 in persistent pursuit of 平等互利 equality and mutual benefit双边关系 bilateral relations持久和平 lasting peace二、政治词汇贸易额 trade volume商业界 business community跨国公司 transnational corporation经济强国/经济大国/经济列强(视具体情况翻译)economic power第三部分 例句1.我愿借此机会,代表我们代表团的全体成员,对我们东道主的诚挚邀请,表示真诚的谢意。On the behalf of all the members of my mission, I would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere thanks to our host for their earnest invitation.2.现在,我愉快地宣布第二十二届万国邮政联盟大会开幕。Now, I have the pleasure to declare the 22nd Universal Postal Congress open.3.我很荣幸地代表中国政府和人民向来自联合王国的代表团表示热烈的欢迎。I have the honor to express this warm welcome on behalf of the Chinese Government and people to the delegation from the United Kingdom.4.我谨向各位表示最热烈的欢迎。I would like to extend my warmest welocme to all of you.5.我预祝大会圆满成功!I wish the conference a complete success!高级口译笔记——外事接待(reception)第一部分 基本词汇日程安排 schedule 预订 reserve 根据……的要求 upon……request 专程造访 come all the way 精心安排 a thoughtful arrangement 排忧解难 help out第二部分 词语扩展机场大楼 terminal building 候机大厅 waiting hall 起飞时间 departure/take-off time 抵达时间 arrival time 海关 the Customs 往返票 round-trip ticket 入境/出境/旅游签证 entry/exit/tourist visa 免税商店 duty-free shop 豪华套房 luxury suite 单/双人房 single/double room第三部分 例句1. You must be our long-expected guest,……2. Excuse me, I haven't had the honor of knowing you.3. I'm glad to have the honor of introducing……4. Small world, isn't it?5. Thank you for coming all the way to our company.6. I hop you'll enjoy your stay here.7. host a receptipn banquet in your honor高级口译笔记——称谓口译一、以“总……”表示的首席长官,可选择general、chief、head这类词表示。总书记 general secretary总工程师 chief engineer总会计师 chief accountant总经理 general manager总代理 general agent总教练 head coach二、一些行业的职称头衔,直接用“高级”或“资深”来表示,可用"senior"来称呼。高级记者 senior reporter高级讲师 senior lecturer三、“首席”英语常用chief来表达。 首席执行官 chief cxecutive officer(CEO)首席顾问 chief advisor首席检察官 chief inspector四、还有一些高级职务带“长”字,例如:参谋长 chief of staff护士长 head nurse秘书长 secretary-general五、以“副”字的表示副职的行政职务头衔,可用vice、deputy表达。副总统 vice president副主席 vice chairman副总理 vice minister副秘书长 deputy secretary-general副书记 deputy secretary副市长 deputy mayor六、学术头衔的“副”职称,常用associate表示。副教授 associate professor 副研究员 associate research fellow 副审判长 associate judge 副主任医师 associate doctor七、学术头衔中的初级职称如“助理”,我们可以用assistant来称呼。助理教授 assistant professor 助理研究员 assistant research fellow 助理工程师 assistant engineer八、一般说来,“代理”可译作acting,例如:代理市长 acting mayor 代理总理 acting premier 代理主任 acting director九、常务”可以用“managing"表示。常务理事 managing director 常务副校长 managing vice president十、执行”可译作executive执行秘书 executive secretary 执行主席 executive chairman十一、还有很多称谓的英语表达方式难以归类,这就需要我们日积月累,逐步总结。例如:办公室主任 office manager 车间主任 workshop manager 客座教授 visiting professor村长 village head 税务员 tax collector 股票交易员 stock dealer十二、最后是我们国家特有的一些荣誉称号的口译。劳动模范 model worker 优秀员工 ortstanding employee 标兵 pacemaker 三好学生 "triple-A" outstanding student; outstanding student另有一些文件我会发到你的邮箱里去的。。。
幸福的考拉721
民俗风情 folk custom custom and habit customs and habits folkways folklore 值此...之际(正逢,正当) on the occasion of just when just the time for 供参
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