挂在盒子上723
妈祖我国西南沿海救苦救难的第一女海神。她是五代闽王都巡检史林愿的小女儿，名叫林默。林默自幼好道，后来传说又得到观世菩萨的超度，就成为了海上女神，庇佑出海航行的人们，又因为的巨大善心，被人们尊为“天妃”。
故事还得从头说起。话说五代的时候，在福建湄州，有一户世代从事海上经商的林家。这年，林家的老爷刚刚去世，从此出海的任务落在儿子林愿的身上。但是林愿第一次出海就极为不顺。原来，在这里，做生意没有官司府的保护是寸步难行的。林愿也这才弄懂他父亲在世时非得买个巡检史的真正原因。林愿也学他父亲的样，花了很大一部分的家产买了一个方便经商的巡检史。于是林愿一下就由一个布衣摇身变成了官老爷。他不仅可以收过往般只的税，而且自家不必征税，所以自从林愿做官之后，林府在海上的生意就很快就红火起来，林家也就变得相当富有了。
后来，林愿取了一个名叫小华的妇女为妻。小华没几年就为林家生下了四个儿子，但是不知什么样原因，这四个儿子看上去一点都不出众，体格也很羸弱。林家怕将来自家香火不旺，就陪着妻子到普陀山去还愿，请求观世音菩萨再赐一子。其实林家一直就十分信奉观世音菩萨，从小华的婆婆到小华都是这样。
观世音菩萨早就知道林家好道乐施，为官清廉，慈悲为怀，并且不远千里来普陀山还愿。随即就对身边的徒儿龙女说：“龙儿，后日你就投胎到林家，以了结这个缘分，你去了之后，到时也可收伏海上妖魔，替天行道！”
龙女听了，极为不解地问道：“可是师傅，林家求的是儿子呀！”
“这是天意，你不要再问，快些下凡去吧！”观世音菩萨不紧不慢的说。
龙女知道不便再问，就投胎到林家去了。
再说，林愿夫妇从普陀山还愿意回来，不几天就怀上了身孕。到来年的三月二十三日，午时时分。青天白日，一声巨响。只见林家前后，红光闪闪，林府周围的街头都清香扑鼻。林家就产下了一千金。虽然生的是一个女孩，但毕竟是观世音菩萨显圣，林家一家上下都十分欢喜。也因为妈祖一生下来就很少说话，总是默默然的样子，所以家里就给她取名为“林默”。
自打林默稍大的时候，她就经常到海边去看大海，为出海经商的父亲祈求平安，也为所有出海的老百姓祝祷。而且，她有着一种神奇的能力，就是能够预知海上的风暴，知道哪里会不会发生海难。据说，有一次林愿跟大儿子出海了。妻子天天在家里为这父子两个祝福，这天晚上她又在月下为他们祈祷，忽然听到默儿在睡房里左翻右滚的，就连忙带着丫环走到林默的屋子里，只见默儿正在做恶梦。屋子里很暗，还充满着的一股檀香的味道，月光被紧紧关着的窗户挡在门外，只有豆点的灯芯在烛台上跳动着，好像快要熄灭的样子。林默睡在床上，一点都不安静，翻来滚去，一会儿抓着床沿，一会儿拽紧蚊帐。林夫人非常担心女儿，赶妈祖忙将女儿叫醒。
默儿梦中醒来，吃惊地对林夫人说：“妈妈，不好了，大哥掉到海里去了！”母亲听后吓了一跳。林默从床上坐了起来，埋怨母亲道：“妈妈，父亲他们在海上遇到了很强大的风暴，很多船都快翻了。刚才我双手各拉着一条船，左手拉着哥哥的，右手拉着父亲的那只。当我正想把他们的船靠近，可是你把我叫醒了，匆忙之中，我松掉了左手，大哥的船就翻了。”
林夫人目瞪口呆，不知所措。最后等到林愿从海上回来后，果然就不见了大儿子。这件事传出去之后，人们都觉得林默很不平常，说她是天上的仙人下凡。
到后来的北宋宣和年间，给事中路允迪出使高丽，在归来的途中突遇风暴，但是由于得到妈祖的保佑，最终逃过了的风暴，安全返回了大宋。回来之后，路允迪到宋徽宗那里，请旨下诏，求皇上加封海神妈祖。宋徽宗对妈祖林默的事迹早有所闻，听到这件事后，特敕封林默为“湄洲神女”，并题庙额“顺济”，就是救人苦难的意思。朝廷还派人在湄洲修了“妈祖庙”。
明朝永乐十一年，夏秋之际，郑和率领一支庞大的舰队，载着两万多官兵下西洋。这样的非凡的气势，惊动了海内外，但也吸引了海盗觊觎的目光。不久，郑和的舰队进入了南海。这是海盗最为猖獗的地区，虽然郑和每次都是有备而来，但是每次都会遭到这里的海盗之王陈祖义的突然袭击。当天晚上，郑和在舱里休息，很快就进入了梦乡。
这时，一盏红灯飘到他的床前，眨眼就化作了一个身着红裙子的女子。睡梦中的郑和吃了一惊，迷迷糊糊地赶忙从床上坐了起来，跪下就拜。他知道是神女显圣。海神知道郑和一生忠义，就把御敌之法详细地给他说了一通。郑和也正是在海神妈祖的指点下战胜了陈祖义，写下了郑和七次下西洋辉煌篇章。郑和也屡次上表永乐皇帝，宣称“天妃神显灵应，默伽佑相”。于是明成祖朱棣下令在湄洲、长乐、太仓、南京等地建了天妃妈祖的庙宇，还亲自写了《南京弘仁普济天妃宫碑》碑文，盛赞天妃妈祖的功德。
令我们奇怪的是，澳门别名是“妈祖”，这是葡萄牙人对澳门的最早称谓。“妈祖”在葡文里写作MACAU，英文写作MACAO。广州话的音译就是“妈祖”。这名称的来源，是因为“妈祖”作为海上女神，已经传遍了世界各地。葡萄牙人初到澳门时，是在“阿妈港”登陆。阿妈就是保佑航海者的女神妈祖，妈阁庙就是专门供奉这个女神的。所以，葡萄牙人到了澳门之后，最先就把这个地方称为“妈祖”，也是对海神妈祖的祝福。
现在，在澳门，有一年一度的妈祖文化节倍受航海人的关注。千年妈祖，备受世人世代崇拜，不仅是中国的，也是世界的。
那一缕幸福
Mazu
中文翻译：妈祖
解释：
妈祖 Mazu
林默娘(妈祖)（莆仙语：Mâ-cô；闽南语：Má-chó͘；闽东语：Mā-cū）是以中国东南沿海为中心、包括东亚（琉球、日本及东南亚）沿海地区的海神信仰，又称天上圣母 、天圣圣母、天后、天后娘娘、天妃、天妃娘娘、湄洲娘妈等。
妈祖的影响力由福建湄洲传播开来，历经千百年，对于东亚海洋文化及中国沿海文化产生重大的影响，被学者们称为妈祖文化。
2009年10月，妈祖信仰入选联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。
吾ci吾ci5757
妈祖 天后天妃天上圣母妈祖真名林默诞生于宋建隆元年（960年）三月二十三日。宋太宗雍熙四年（987年）九月初九逝世。 妈祖为福建莆田九牧林六房之后林默幼年时就比其他姐妹聪明颖悟，八岁从塾师启蒙读书，不但能过目成诵，而且能理解文字的义旨。长大后，她决心终生以行善济人为事，矢志不嫁，父母顺从她的意愿。她专心致志地做慈善公益的事业，平素精研医理，为人治病，教人防疫消灾，人们都感颂她。她性情和顺，热心助人。只要能为乡亲排难解纷，她都乐意去做，还经常引导人们避凶趋吉。人们遇到困难，也都愿意跟她商量，请她帮助。 生长在大海之滨的林默，还洞晓天文气象，熟习水性。湄洲岛与大陆之间的海峡有少礁石，在这海域里遇难的渔舟、商船，常得到林默的救助，因而人们传说她能“乘席渡海”。她还会预测天气变化，事前告知船户可否出航，所以又传说她能“预知休咎事”，称她为“神女”、“龙女”。 妈祖逝世时乡人感其生前治病救人的恩惠，于同年在湄洲岛上建庙祀之，这就是名闻遐迩的湄洲妈祖庙。祖庙于天圣年间（公元1023-1032年）扩建，日臻雄伟。明永乐年间（1403年-1424年），航海家郑和曾两次奉旨来湄屿主持御祭仪式并扩建庙宇。至清康熙时，已形成了具有五组建筑群的“海上龙宫”。可惜，原有金碧辉煌的建筑群已废圯，现存原建只剩下“林默的父母祠”，规模较小。近年来，湄洲祖庙进行了大量的复原修建工作，已初具规模。莆田湄洲岛的上妈祖庙，天津的天后宫，澳门的妈祖阁，台湾北港的朝天宫和鹿港妈祖庙为我国天后宫有名的大庙。祖在宋元明清受到的国家祀典就达36次，其最长封号“护国庇民妙灵昭应弘仁普济福佑群生诚感咸孚显神赞顺垂慈笃佑安澜利运泽覃海宇恬波宣惠导流衍庆靖洋锡祉恩周德溥卫漕保泰振武绥疆天后之神”，后来同治十一年（1872年），要再加封时，“经礼部核议，以为封号字号过多，转不足以昭郑重，只加上‘嘉佑’二字。” 澳门的英文Macau就是妈祖的简称。妈祖，又称天妃、天后、天上圣母、娘妈，是历代船工、海员、旅客、商人和渔民共同信奉的神祗。古代在海上航行经常受到风浪的袭击而船沉人亡，船员的安全成航海者的主要问题，他们把希望寄托于神灵的保佑。在船舶启航前要先祭天妃，祈求保佑顺风和安全，在船舶上还立天妃神位供奉。 台湾的妈祖信仰十分普遍，台胞三分之一以上信仰妈祖，台湾全岛共有大小妈祖庙510座，其中台南一地即有116座。它们的名字很多，有的叫天妃宫、天后宫、妈祖庙；有的叫天后寺、天后祠、圣母坛；也有的叫文元堂、朝天宫、双慈亭、安澜厅、中兴公厝、纷阳殿、提标馆等。 福建、台湾、广东及东南亚的林氏宗亲都称妈祖为：“姑婆”、“姑婆祖”、“天后圣姑”、“天上圣母姑婆”等。据统计妈祖为世界三大宗教信仰之一。
臭美的小女人
...Lz 注意一下，问问题也是要清楚的~buzzfeed music是用pop diva/diva/music diva来称呼乐坛天后的香港有个地方也是叫天后(Tin Hau)至於道教的天后，称呼十分多，Mazu (妈祖), Tianhou/Empress of Heaven (天后)等等
鼹鼠大小姐
Meizhou Bay in Putian City, Fujian Province, mouth, there is a beautiful island called Meizhou Island. The island has a towering majestic, magnificent temples, dedicated to the world famous "Poseidon" Matsu. Matsu is a local prominent family. She had Minglin Mo, but Matsu's father Lin Que, mother Wang, many people do good Jide. One night, she had long dreamed of Guanyin kindly told her: "Your good deeds and accumulating virtue, this gives you a pill, get volunteers when the dose of the gift." So they became pregnant. To 960 on March 23 evening, she had close to delivery, see a red light, from the northwest injection room, bright eye-catching, fragrance floating, lingering. Also heard four rumble is like spring thunder roar, to become purple. Wang was the belly of vibration, Matsu was born. Because students have extraordinary and very loved. She was born to the full, I heard cry, so my father called her "silent." Matsu has an older brother and five sisters. Year-old to a private school when the school, teachers in the article that she can quickly digest. Yu-year-old, she believed in Buddhism chanting incense, sooner or later hard. 13 years of age, there is an old Taoist Metaphysics through regular exchanges between her home and said to her: "You're a fairy nature, should be crossing into the immortal." Award was a "Xuan Wei secret law." Her law practice, can comprehend thrust. Matsu 16 years of age, women went out with the group, according to makeup in the wells. Suddenly the man of God holding a pair of copper Fu, owned wells and the rear surround with immortals, the copper breaks awarded to her companions were all Haide run away, and Matsu were not affected by the suspect and soon will be well-informed change . Since then, she, though in the room, but it can often iQue Virgin, about good and bad fortune, are all odd in. Able to fly across the sea, Jia Yun, sea rescue, medical treatment often good of man, far and near who are grateful to her, called her the "God Kou", "Dragon." Matsu 16 years this fall in September, one day, her father and brother Jia Zhou crossing north, then carefully weaving Matsu is room, suddenly V weaving eyes closed and his face mutations. One hand shuttle, one hand on express, feet bear riding shaft, doing all in the struggle to support, for fear of any errors. After the mother found that very frightened, and hurried to wake her. Matsu missed the shuttle was out on the floor. She opened her eyes, stamp loudly crying, said: "My father saved, brother dead into the sea!" Listening to his mother, very frightened, quickly satisfactory for news. Soon someone reported that Matsu has said really is true. His father was in the high sea, the panic-stricken, a few will be overturned, if like some people hold the rudder, and her brother was close, unfortunately destroyed his brother is the rudder of the boat cover. Matsu eyes closed at that time, the pedal with the father's ship, and grasping the ship's rudder brother, her mother took her to wake up and shuttle fell to the ground, destroyed overturning rudder brother, father escape return, while his brother was swallowed by the raging waves. Brother drowning, the Matsu accompanied her mother, sister and several villagers find a vast sea sailing Drive, went to his brother's body. At that time the turbulent sea, they suddenly found a group of sea aquarium together, we could not help but frightened. Mazu said, do not be afraid, and told not to meet the aquarium. The mere mention of a sudden the water clear, her brother's body floating in the sea. At this time we know God is protecting the water to the corpse. Dead brother finally set back, Meizhou Island are all the people praised her filial piety and charity. Thereafter Whenever Matsu's birthday, the night that is a big fish in groups, before the ring out in the Mekong Island, like Bai Wu's appearance, dispersed before dawn. Once a mixture of commercial vessels through the rocks met with huge winds, the ship ran aground angle, water poured into the cabin, the situation is very critical, the ship of human cries for help, Matsu know, the very anxious, busy on the villagers said: duo head merchant would sink, should be quickly went to rescue. However, we are looking at wind waves, not forward. At this critical juncture, Mazu wrote at the feet of grass, looking for a trunk and a few, thrown into the sea. That instant, into a large cedar trunk and a few grass, behind the flow of Chuanpang driving, commercial boat with a large fir attached, so will not sink. Soon smooth sailing interest, celebrated by the people on board survived, both in heaven and help, each other to celebrate. Until the time the boat dock, suddenly found a large wood has disappeared, by asking local people, I discovered laws of grass into a cedar boat, but the magical skill of Matsu. This is the legendary "save the business of grass."
