酬神英文

神秘宗教mystery cults，又称作Greco-Roman mysteries，因为多由希腊人和罗马人信奉而得名详细的中英文定义都提供给你，包括百科的，希望对你有用【中文】这些神秘宗教多数由希腊人和罗马人所信奉. 有大米底神(Demeter "五壳丰收之神")，米特拉神(Mithra "生命气息之神")，依斯(Isis "阴间之神")，多尼斯神(Dionysus "动物之神")，希比利神(Cybele "大圣母神")等等。各乡镇皆有庙堂。逢遇这些神的大日子，就会演酬神戏。(很明显的，新约的教会是在一个信仰纷乱，神话充塞和道德低落的环境生长。在保罗的行综中，我们可见到各种不同的神庙名称。甚至还有 "未识之神"。一些在山坡上的神庙竟有庙妓。不同的邪教 不时的产生。占星学的流行可从钱币的图形中见到)【英文】Mystery religions, sacred Mysteries or simply mysteries, were religious cults of the Greco-Roman world, participation in which was reserved to initiates.[1] The main characterization of this religion is the secrecy associated with the particulars of the initiation and the cult practice, which may not be revealed to outsiders. The most famous mysteries of Greco-Roman antiquity were the Eleusinian Mysteries, which were of considerable antiquity and predated the Greek Dark Ages. The popularity of mystery cults flourished in Late Antiquity; Julian the Apostate in the mid 4th century is known to have been initiated into three distinct mystery cults. Notable among these late cults was the Mithraic Mysteries.Due to the secret nature of the cult, and because the mystery religions of Late Antiquity disappeared after the 4th century (Theodosius I closed the Eleusian sanctuaries by decree in 392 AD), the details of these religious practices are unknown to scholarship, although there are educated guesses as to their general content.[2]:50fChristianity, in as much as participation in its religious life is open only to the baptised, is a mystery religion. Its central theology and ritual being available, and indeed actively preached, it had many parallels to the popular mystery cults in terms of terminology (salvation, resurrection, eternal life) and in the particulars of the performance of initiation and ritual (the sacraments). Justin Martyr explicitly noted these parallels and identified them as "demonic imitations" of the true faith, and that "the devils, in imitation of what was said by Moses, asserted that Proserpine was the daughter of Jupiter, and instigated the people to set up an image of her under the name of Kore" (First Apology). Through the 1st to 4th century, it stood in direct competition for adherents with the mystery cults, insofar as "[t]he mystery cults too [were] an intrinsic element of the non-Jewish horizon of the reception of the Christian message." They too were "embraced by the process of the inculturation of Christianity in its initial phase," and they made "their own contribution to this process."[3]:152 In Klauck and McNeil's opinion, "the Christian doctrine of the sacraments, in the form in which we know it, would not have arisen without this interaction; and Christology too understood how to 'take up' the mythical inheritance, purifying it and elevating it."[3]:152参考引文1 ^ Crystal, David, ed. (1995), "Mystery Religions", Cambridge Encyclopedia of The English Language, Cambridge: Cambridge UP.2 ^ a b Barnes, Ernest William (1947), The Rise of Christianity.3 ^ a b c Klauck, Brian; McNeil (2003), The Religious Context of Early Christianity, Continuum International Publishing Group, ISBN 9780567089434.