香蕉2015
摘要：大家都很喜爱的喜剧演员罗宾•威廉姆斯自杀的消息让很多人震惊。我们身边也有人每天看上去很开心，但是私底下可能在遭受抑郁症的煎熬。他们在微笑，但他们也可能是抑郁症患者。
Smiling depression is a term often used to refer to a patient who you think is depressed, but doesn’t look it and often won’t admit it.
微笑抑郁症(smiling depression)指患有抑郁症、但表面上看不出来而且本人不愿承认的状况。
Sometimes they tell you, “No, I’m not depressed” — and they smile. But it’s a sad smile.
有时，我们会告诉你“不，我没有抑郁症”，然后他们会微笑。可那是个伤感的微笑。
“微笑抑郁症”你知道吗
To the outside world, they give no hint of their problem — often holding down a full-time job, running a family home and enjoying an active social life. But underneath they are suffering secret panic attacks, insomnia, crushing low self-esteem and even suicidal thoughts.
他们不会对周遭的世界显示出一点抑郁的症状——通常都有全职的工作、有家庭，社交生活也很活跃。但在私底下，他们饱受惊恐症和失眠的困扰，很自卑，甚至会想到自杀。
The ability to carry on with life despite everything is what distinguishes ‘smiling’ depression.
微笑抑郁症突出的特点就是虽然自己饱受痛苦但仍然能保持正常生活的能力。
The recognized symptoms of depression tend to be crying a lot, feeling lethargic, perhaps even not being able to get out of bed. But not everyone with depression displays these symptoms.
抑郁症明显的症状一般为：经常哭泣、嗜睡，有时甚至无法下床。但并不是每个患有抑郁症的人都会表现出这些症状。
相关阅读：“抑郁症”英语怎么说
A girl's suicide note - which was automatically posted on the Internet 12 hours after her death - has stirred heated discussion.
"I have depression, so I want to die. There's no important reason, and you shouldn't care about my leaving this world. Bye bye," read the message that appeared on Sina Weibo on Sunday.
The girl, surnamed Ma, had hanged herself in her dorm on Saturday night, police confirmed.
Unaware that she was already dead, netizens, Sina Weibo and police immediately tried to track down and help the girl.
一个女孩的自杀留言在死后12小时自动发布到网上，引发了激烈讨论。
这个女孩在周日的新浪上发出这样一条微博“我有抑郁症，所以就去死一死，没什么重要的原因，大家不必在意我的离开。拜拜啦。”
经警方证实，这个女孩姓马，她已经于周六晚上在宿舍上吊自杀。
网友、新浪微博和警方当时并不知道女孩已经死了，立即追踪线索，试图帮助女孩。
【讲解】
文中的“depression”就是“抑郁症”的意思， 如：post-natal depression 产后抑郁症，clinical depression 临床抑郁症。“depression”这个词还可以指“萧条”，如：the Great Depression是指经济大萧条。另外，“melancholia”是“抑郁症”的较为正式的说法。抑郁症的表现包括悲伤(sad)、 忧虑(anxious)、空虚(empty)、无望(hopeless)、无助( helpless)、失去意义(worthless)、内疚(guilty)、易怒(irritable)或者不安(restless)，严重的还包括失眠(insomnia)甚至试图自杀(suicide)等。
明天努力找吃喝
英语阅读之抑郁症
最近看到很多关于抑郁症的文章，大多不是认为他们心理调节能力差就是大灌心灵鸡汤。临床诊断的抑郁症一般不是靠“调节”可以解决问题的!请不要再武断地对患有抑郁症的亲友说’你要调整心态.......一时的`生活不顺利心情不好不能称之为抑郁症。而临床抑郁症和遗传和生理因素都有很多关系。
How Is Biology Related to Depression?
生理和抑郁症 - 患者大脑的不同
Researchers have noted differences in the brains of people who are depressed as compared to people who are not. For instance, the hippocampus, a small part of the brain that is vital to the storage of memories, appears to be smaller in some people with a history of depression than in those who've never been depressed. A smaller hippocampus has fewer serotonin receptors. Serotonin is one of many brain chemicals known as neurotransmitters that allow communication across circuits that connect different brain regions.
Scientists do not know why the hippocampus may be smaller in some people with depression. Some researchers have found that the stress hormone cortisol is produced in excess in depressed people. These investigators believe that cortisol has a toxic or "shrinking" effect on the development of hippocampus. Some experts theorize that depressed people are simply born with a smaller hippocampus and are therefore inclined to suffer from depression. There are many other brain regions, and pathways between specific regions, thought to be involved with depression, and likely, no single brain structure or pathway fully accounts for clinical depression.
One thing is certain -- depression is a complex illness with many contributing factors. The latest scans and studies of brain chemistry suggest that antidepressants can help sustain nerve cells and allow them to form stronger connections that withstand biological stresses (called "neurotrophic effects"). As scientists gain a better understanding of the causes of depression, health professionals will be able to make better "tailored" diagnoses and, in turn, prescribe more effective treatment plans.
How Is Genetics Linked to the Risk of Depression?
遗传和抑郁症 - 家族抑郁症
We know that depression can sometimes run in families. This suggests that there's at least a partial genetic link to depression. Children, siblings, and parents of people with severe depression are somewhat more likely to suffer from depression than are members of the general population. Multiple genes interacting with one another in special ways probably contribute to the various types of depression that run in families. Yet despite the evidence of a family link to depression, it is unlikely that there is a single "depression" gene, but rather many genes that each contribute small effects toward depression when they interact with the environment.
Can Certain Drugs Cause Depression
药物和抑郁症 - 某些药物可能导致抑郁症
In certain people, drugs may lead to depression. For example, medications such as barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and the acne drug Accutane have sometimes been associated with depression, especially in older people. Likewise, medications such as corticosteroids, opioids (codeine, morphine), and anticholinergics taken to relieve stomach cramping can sometimes cause mania, which is a highly elated and energized state that can also be associated with bipolar disorder.
For in depth information, see WebMD's Medicines That Cause Depression.
What’s the Link Between Depression and Chronic Illness?
疾病和抑郁症 - 有些疾病可能引发抑郁症
In some people, a chronic illness causes depression. A chronic illness is an illness that lasts for a very long time and usually cannot be cured completely. However, chronic illnesses can often be controlled through diet, exercise, lifestyle habits, and certain medications. Some examples of chronic illnesses that may cause depression are diabetes, heart disease, arthritis, kidney disease, HIV/AIDS, lupus, and multiple sclerosis (MS). Hypothyroidism may also lead to depressed feelings.
Researchers believe that treating the depression may sometimes also help the co-existing illness improve.
Is Depression Linked to Chronic Pain?
生理疼痛和抑郁症 - 暂时的疼痛一般不会导致抑郁症
When pain lingers for weeks to months, it's referred to as being "chronic." Not only does chronic pain hurt, it also disturbs your sleep, your ability to exercise and be active, your relationships, and your productivity at work. Can you see how chronic pain may also leave you feeling sad, isolated, and depressed?
There is help for chronic pain and depression. A multifaceted program of medicine, psychotherapy, support groups, and more can help you manage your pain, ease your depression, and get your life back on track.
For in depth information, see Depression and Chronic Pain.
Does Depression Often Occur With Grief?
悲痛和抑郁症 - 一时的悲伤不是抑郁症
Grief is a common response to loss. Losses that may lead to grief include the death or separation of a loved one, loss of a job, death or loss of a beloved pet, or any number of other changes in life, such as divorce, becoming an "empty nester," or retirement.
Anyone can experience grief and loss, but not everyone will experience depression, which differs from grief in that depression involves feelings of low self-worth and suicide, while grief involves feelings of loss and longing for a loved one. Each person is unique in how he or she copes with these feelings.
For in depth information, see Grief and Depression.
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