france英文简介

RepublicofFranceinwesternEurope.Size551602sqkm.3000kmlongcoastline.ResidentsmostlyFrance.Catholicresidentsmoreletter.Frenchasanofficiallanguage.5century,akingdom.15acentralizedstateattheendofthecentury.1789eruptionofbourgeoisrevolution.Sincethen,theRepublichasestablishedafiveandtwoempires.1958FifthRepublicwasborn.PriortotheSecondWorldWar,FrancewasthesecondlargestoftheBritishcolonialempire,thecolonialareaequivalentto20timesthelocalcommunity.Afterthewar,mosthaveseparateFrenchcolony.January27,1964toestablishdiplomaticrelationswithChina.Southeasthigh-lowtopography.Centralandsoutherncentralhighlands,north-westofNorthernFranceisplain.Mostareasofthemarineclimateoftemperatebroadleafforest,coastalandsouthernRhonevalleytotheMediterranean-typeclimateissubtropical.Annualaverageprecipitationfromnorthwesttosoutheastfrom600to1000mmincrementstomm.Bauxite,uraniumorereservesinWesternEuropeancountries,topsthefirst.Iron,potassiumisalsoabundant.Forestareaaccountedfor26%ofthearea.Industrializedcountries,ahighconcentrationofproductionandcapitalGDPamongstthehighestintheworld.Themajorindustrialsectorsofmining,metallurgy,automobiles,shipbuilding,machinery,textile,chemical,electrical,food,etc.Nuclearenergy,petrochemical,marinedevelopment,arms,aviationandspacesectorsaredevelopingrapidlyandhaveamongstthehighestintheworld.1993outputofmajorindustrialproductsare:16.61milliontonsofsteel,12.01milliontonsofpigiron,coalreached10.35milliontons,2.52milliontonsofpulp,2.8millionvehiclescars,generating4510kW/hour.Agriculturedevelopedfortheworldfamousagriculturalexportingcountries.Categoryofmajoragriculturalproductsarewheat,maize,potatoes,beet,rice,tobacco,grapes.1993tonsofwheat24.9milliontonnes,barley6.5milliontons,corn13.3milliontons,5.3billionlitresofwinegrapes.FranceisWesternEurope"commonmarket"countries,themaintargetisWesternEuropetrade"commonmarket"countries.Exportsmachinery,chemicals,automobiles,steelandfood.Importedfuels,theMilitaryIndustrializationrawmaterials,ores.Rail35000km,theroadabout80millionmetres.CapitalParis,acityrenownedEiffeltransmissiontower,construction,acitysouthwestVersaillesPalace.Automobiles,electricalindustryrenownedtextileandcosmeticsindustriesarealsodeveloped.LeHavre,Lille,Rouen,Nantes,Lyon,Strasbourg,Mulhouse,Marseilleareimportantindustrialcenter.Otherimportantfestivals:NationalDayonJuly14.Mrs.dieforagoodcauseJapanMay30.EstablisheddiplomaticrelationswithJapan:January27,1964.Money:franc.Time:onehourearlierthanGreenwichtime;Atnightthansevenhours.Nationalflower:iris,roses.NameInterpretation:FrancemovesbyFranceevolutionfromtribalmembers.FrancemovesintheGermaniclanguageChinaandItalyas"courageousandfree."Folk:Franceischampagne,brandywinehometown.ItwasfeltthatiflefthomeNewYear'sEveNightwinecomingyearwillbetostay.FranceisthemostexpensivedishesEgan,theFrenchmanmostfavoritesnailandfroglegs.原文:法兰西共和国位于欧洲西部。面积551602平方千米。海岸线长约3000千米。居民多为法兰西人。居民多信天主教。法语为官方语言。5世纪建立王国。15世纪末形成中央集权国家。1789年爆发资产阶级革命。此后，先后建立过五次共和国和两次帝国。1958年第五共和国诞生。第二次世界大战前，法国是仅次于英国的第二号殖民帝国，殖民地面积等于本土20倍。战后，法属殖民地大部先后独立。1964年1月27日同我国建交。地势东南高西北低。中南部有中央高原，西北部是北法平原。大部分地区属海洋性温带阔叶林气候，南部沿海和罗讷河谷地属亚热带地中海式气候。年平均降水量从西北往东南由600毫米递增到1000毫米左右。铝土矿、铀矿储量在西欧各国中均居第一位。铁、钾盐也相当丰富。森林面积占全国面积的26%。工业发达国家，生产和资本高度集中，国内生产总值位居世界前列。主要工业部门有矿业、冶金、汽车、造船、机械、纺织、化学、电器、食品等。核能、石化、海洋开发、军火、航空和宇航等部门发展很快，已位居世界前列。1993年主要工业产品产量为：粗钢1661万吨、生铁1201万吨、原煤达1035万吨、纸浆252万吨、小汽车280万辆、发电4510千瓦/小时。农业发达，为世界著名的农产品出口国。主要农产品有麦类、玉米、马铃薯、甜菜、稻米、烟草、葡萄等。1993年产小麦2490万吨、大麦650万吨、玉米1330万吨、葡萄酒53亿升。法国是西欧“共同市场”成员国，主要外贸对象是西欧“共同市场”国家。出口机械、化学品、汽车、钢铁和粮食。进口燃料、军事工业原料、矿石等。有铁路35000多千米，公路约80万千米。首都巴黎，市内有著名的艾菲尔铁塔等建筑，城西南有凡尔赛宫。汽车、电器工业著名，纺织和化妆品工业亦发达。勒阿弗尔、里尔、鲁昂、南特、里昂、斯特拉斯堡、米卢斯、马赛等都是重要的工业中心。其它重要节日：国庆日7月14日。贞德就义日5月30日。与我建交日：1964年1月27日。货币：法朗。时差：比格林尼治时间早1小时；比北京时间晚7小时。国花：鸢尾花、玫瑰。国名释义：法兰西由法兰克部落名演变而来。法兰克在日耳曼语中意为“勇敢的、自由的”。民俗：法国是香槟酒、白兰地酒的故乡。人们认为除夕之夜家中若有剩酒，来年便要交厄运。法国最名贵的菜是鹅肝，法国人最爱吃蜗牛和青蛙腿。

France is the most visited country in the world. It has everything that you could ever want to see on your holidays: a great city like Paris, good beaches, more monuments than any other country, lovely nature, incredible mountain scenery; need I go on? France is also a very pleasant place to stay. It has good food, great wines and people enjoy their lives. And the best thing is, maybe apart from Paris, living in France does not have to be expensive. The North of France consists of the flatlands around the town of Lille and the Channel. The area will remind visitors in many ways of Belgium and the Netherlands. The Grand' Place in Lille for example is a lot like that of Brussels. Paris, the city of light and its surroundings are one of the most visited areas. Paris is without a doubt one of the most beautiful cities on the planet. West of France is turned towards the Atlantic Coast. In the north Normandy & Brittany have rolling hills, sandy beaches and quiet little harbour towns. Normandy & Brittany have a more rugged coast and many neolithic sites. It has quite a distinct atmosphere from the rest of the country; you can still sense the Celtic origin of the region and its inhabitants. The eastern part of France consists of the Alsace, Lorraine, Franche Comt?and Burgundy regions. The landscape has rolling hills and many beautiful cities, such as Metz, Strasbourg, Nancy and Dijon. This region produces many famous wines, including magnificent pinot noirs and chardonnays valued the world over, as well as the famous "Yellow wine" from the Jura mountain vineyard. The Center of France is in many ways the most quiet part of France. But the great treasure of this region is the Loire valley , with many great castles and beautiful towns. Chartres with its famous cathedral and Tours rate among the most beautiful French cities. The South with its lovely nature, good food, roman ruins and of course the Riviera draws a lot of visitors every year. Towns like Orange, and Arles but also big cities like Marseille and Toulon are must sees. The Provence is dotted with pleasant small villages. In the South west of France the Dordogne is one of the most quintessential French regions. The valley is so pretty, the towns are so cute and the food is so good, that it is hard to believe that the people who live here go somewhere else for their holidays. The Languedoc has its own language and culture. In the south of the Languedoc you find the Pyrenees, a great mountain range separating France from Spain, where you can hike and ski. The towns of Toulouse and Montpellier are nice and the medieval town of Carcassone is a top destination.法国是访问量最大的国家。这一切，你可以任何时候都希望看到您的节日：一个伟大的城市像巴黎，良好的海滩，更纪念碑比其他任何国家，可爱的性质，难以置信的山区景色;需要我去吗？法国也是一个非常愉快的住宿地点。它具有良好的食品，葡萄酒和伟大的人民享有自己的生活。最好是，也许除了巴黎，居住在法国的不一定是昂贵的。北法国组成的平原镇附近的里尔和通道。该地区将提醒游客在许多方面，比利时和荷兰。大'在里尔广场的例子是很多像布鲁塞尔举行。 巴黎，这座城市的光及其周围地区之一，访问量最大的地区。巴黎无疑是一个最美丽的城市在这个星球上。 法国西是转向大西洋沿岸。在北部诺曼底和布列塔尼有连绵的山丘，沙滩，安静的小港口城镇。诺曼底和布列塔尼有一个更坚固的海岸，许多新石器时代的网站。它有相当独特的气氛从该国其他地方，你仍然可以感受到凯尔特血统的地区和居民。 东部地区由法国的阿尔萨斯，洛林，弗朗什孔泰？和勃艮第地区。该景观已绵延起伏的山峦和许多美丽的城市，如梅斯，斯特拉斯堡，南锡和第戎。这一地区产生了许多著名的葡萄酒，包括宏伟的黑比诺和霞价值世界各地，以及著名的“黄酒”的汝拉山区的葡萄园。 该中心法国在许多方面是最安静的法国的一部分。但是，伟大的宝库这一地区是卢瓦尔河谷，有许多伟大的城堡和美丽的城镇。与沙特尔大教堂和著名的旅游率最美丽的法国城市。 据其可爱的性质，良好的食物，古罗马废墟，当然，海滨吸引了许多游客，每年。城镇像橙色，并阿尔勒，而且等大城市马赛和土伦是必须看到。 Provence的是点缀着舒适的小村庄。在西南的法国多尔多涅是一个最典型的法国地区。山谷是如此漂亮，城市是如此可爱和粮食是如此好，这是很难相信的人谁住在这里去别的地方的假日。朗格有自己的语言和文化。在南部的朗格您找到比利牛斯山脉，伟大的山脉分隔法国从西班牙，您可以在加息和滑雪。城镇的图卢兹和蒙彼利埃是不错的中世纪小镇卡尔卡松是首选目的地。

France is an western European country. Its neiboring countries include Belgium, Spain, Germany, etc. France is famous for the Eifel Tower in Paris, the capital of France. France is also the world's top producer in perfume and other fashionable beauty products. Many travellers to Paris value its art museums and historical sites the most.法国是一个西欧国家。它的邻国包括比利时、西班牙、德国等。法国以首都巴黎的埃菲尔铁塔著名。法国也是世界上顶端的香水和其他时尚化妆品的产地。许多到巴黎的旅游者最重视它的艺术博物馆和历史古迹。

翻译：1.埃菲尔铁塔

艾菲尔铁塔(法国:洛杉矶参观埃菲尔铁塔是一个位于巴黎的马尔斯广场的一个水坑铁格子塔。它建于1889年，已成为法国的全球标志，也是世界上最知名的建筑之一。这座塔是巴黎最高的建筑[10]，也是世界上参观人数最多的纪念碑;每年有数百万人来攀登。这座塔以其设计师古斯塔夫·埃菲尔(Gustave Eiffel)的名字命名，是1889年世界博览会的入口拱门。

这座塔高324米(1063英尺)，与81层楼高差不多。完工后，它超越了华盛顿纪念碑，成为世界上最高的人造建筑的头衔，这个头衔被保留了41年，直到1930年纽约的克莱斯勒大厦建成;然而，由于1957年天线的增加，塔现在比克莱斯勒大厦高。它不包括广播天线，是2004年米洛高架桥之后法国第二高的建筑。

这座塔有三个等级供游客使用。门票可以通过楼梯或电梯购买到第一层和第二层。走到第一层的台阶有300多个台阶，从第一个台阶到第二层台阶。第三和最高水平只能通过电梯进入。第一层和第二层都有餐厅。

这座塔已经成为巴黎和法国最突出的象征，经常是在城市里拍摄电影的场景。

2.凯旋门

凯旋门是巴黎最著名的纪念碑之一。在香榭丽舍大街的西端，它位于查尔斯·戴高乐的中心。[1]有一个较小的拱，凯旋门，它位于卢浮宫的西面。凯旋门(以英语为“凯旋门”)，表彰那些在法国大革命和拿破仑战争中为法国而战和牺牲的人，他们的名字来自法国的所有胜利，而将军们则在其内部和外部表面上刻有铭文。在它的拱顶下躺着第一次世界大战中无名士兵的墓。

凯旋门是历史轴心(斧头史家)的关键所在，它是一条从卢浮宫的庭院、通往拉德芳斯大拱门的路线上的一系列纪念物和宏伟的大道。这个纪念碑是由Jean Chalgrin在1806年设计的，它的肖像项目是在连锁邮件中，以英勇的裸体法国年轻人对抗长胡子的日耳曼战士。它为公共纪念碑定下了基调，带有胜利的爱国主义信息。

纪念碑的高度为50米(164英尺)，宽45米(148英尺)，深22米(72英尺)。大拱顶高29.19米(95.8英尺)，宽14.62米(48.0英尺)。这个小拱顶高18.68米(61.3英尺)，宽8.44米(27.7英尺)。它是现存的第二大凯旋门(在平壤凯旋门之后)。它的设计灵感来自于罗马拱门(Titus)。“凯旋门”是如此之大，以至于在1919年的巴黎胜利阅兵式上，在第一次世界大战结束时，查尔斯·戈德维德(Charles Godefroy)驾驶着他的Nieuport biplane飞行，并在新闻片上捕捉到这一事件。

埃菲尔铁塔矗立在塞纳河南岸法国巴黎的战神广场，于1889年建成，是当时世界上最高的建筑物。埃菲尔铁塔得名于设计它的著名建筑师、结构工程师古斯塔夫·埃菲尔，全部由施耐德铁器（现施耐德电气）建造。

The Eiffel Tower stands at the southern bank of the Seine river in Paris, France's Mars square, built in 1889, is the highest building in the world at that time.The Eiffel Tower gets its name from the design of its famous architect, structural engineer gustave Eiffel, all built by schneider iron (now schneider electric).

埃菲尔铁塔高300米，天线高24米，总高324米，铁塔是由很多分散的钢铁构件组成的——看起来就像一堆模型的组件。钢铁构件有18038个，重达10000吨，施工时共钻孔700万个，使用1.2万个金属部件，用铆钉250万个。

The Eiffel Tower is 300 meters high, antenna 24 metres high, total is 324 meters high, the tower is made up of many scattered steel components - looks like a pile of model components.Steel components. There are 18038, 10000 - ton, construction drilling 7 million, using 12000 metal parts, 2.5 million with rivet.

除了四个脚是用钢筋水泥之外，全身都用钢铁构成，共用去熟铁7300吨。塔分三楼，分别在离地面57.6米、115.7米和276.1米处，其中一、二楼设有餐厅，第三楼建有观景台，从塔座到塔顶共有1711级阶梯。

In addition to the four feet are with reinforced concrete, all use of steel, common to 7300 tons of wrought iron.Points on the third floor, respectively from the ground 57.6 meters, 115.7 meters and 276.1 meters, one of them, has a restaurant on the second floor, third floor has a viewing platform, 1711 steps from tower to tower.

The name “France” comes from Latin Francia, which literally means “land of the Franks” or “Frankland”. There are various theories as to the origin of the name of the Franks. One is that it is derived from the Proto-Germanic word frankon which translates as javelin or lance as the throwing axe of the Franks was known as a francisca.Another proposed etymology is that in an ancient Germanic language, Frank means free as opposed to slave. This word still exists in French as franc, it is also used as the translation of “Frank” and to name the local money, until the use of the euro in the 2000s.However, rather than the ethnic name of the Franks coming from the word frank, it is also possible that the word is derived from the ethnic name of the Franks,[citation needed] the connection being that only the Franks, as the conquering class, had the status of freemen. In German, France is still called Frankreich, which literally means “Realm of the Franks”. In order to distinguish from the Frankish Empire of Charlemagne, Modern France is called Frankreich, while the Frankish Realm is called Frankenreich.The word “Frank” had been loosely used from the fall of Rome to the Middle Ages, yet from Hugh Capet's coronation as “King of the Franks” (“Rex Francorum”) it became usual to strictly refer to the Kingdom of Francia, which would become France. The Capetian Kings were descended from the Robertines, who had produced two Frankish kings, and previously held the title of “Duke of the Franks” (“dux Francorum”). This Frankish duchy encompassed most of modern northern France but because the royal power was sapped by regional princes the term was then applied to the royal demesne as shorthand. It was finally the name adopted for the entire Kingdom as central power was affirmed over the entire kingdom.