万圣节的英语导图

Halloween, or Hallowe’en, is a holiday celebrated on the night of October 31. Halloween activities include trick-or-treating, ghost tours, bonfires, costume parties, visiting "haunted houses", carving Jack-o'-lanterns, reading scary stories and watching horror movies. Irish immigrants carried versions of the tradition to North America in the nineteenth century. Other western countries embraced the holiday in the late twentieth century. Halloween is celebrated in several countries of the Western world, most commonly in the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Ireland, Puerto Rico, Japan, New Zealand, and occasionally in parts of Australia. In Sweden the All Saints' official holiday takes place on the first Saturday of November.Halloween has its origins in the ancient Celtic festival known as Samhain. The festival of Samhain is a celebration of the end of the harvest seasonin Gaelic culture, and is sometimes regarded as the "Celtic New Year". Traditionally, the festival was a time used by the ancient pagans to take stock of supplies and slaughter livestock for winter stores. The ancient Gaels believed that on October 31, now known as Halloween, the boundary between the alive and the deceased dissolved, and the dead become dangerous for the living by causing problems such as sickness or damaged crops. The festivals would frequently involve bonfires, into which bones of slaughtered livestock were thrown. Costumes and masks were also worn at the festivals in an attempt to mimic the evil spirits or placate them.

万圣节(Halloween)的英语简介Source: Onion 2007-10-23 我要投稿 恒星英语学习论坛 Favorite Next to Christmas, Halloween is the most commercialized celebration in the United States and Canada. This ancient festival originated far from North America however, and centuries before the first European set foot on the continent. The ancient Druids 督伊德教(古代高卢人与不列颠人的一种宗教)的教徒 who inhabited what we now call Great Britain placed great importance on the passing of one season to the next, holding "Fire Festivals" which were celebrated for three days (two days on either side of the day itself). One of these festivals was called Samhain (pronounced Sha-Von) and it took place on October 31 through to November 1. During this period, it was believed that the boundaries between our world and the world of the dead were weakened, allowing spirits of the recently dead to cross over and possess the living. In order to make themselves and their homes less inviting to these wayward spirits, the ancient Celts（凯尔特人）would douse （插入水中, 把弄熄, 弄湿）all their fires. There was also a secondary purpose to this, after extinguishing all their fires, they would re-light them from a common source, the Druidic fire that was kept burning at Usinach, in the Middle of Ireland. Samhain was considered to be a gateway not only from the land of the dead to the land of the living, but also between Summer and Fall/Winter. For the Druids, this was the last gasp （喘息, 气喘）of summer (it was also the Celtic New Year), so therefore they made sure it went out with a bang before they had to button down （把...弄清楚）for the winter ahead. They would dress up in bizarre costumes and parade through their villages causing destruction in order to scare off any recently departed souls who might be prowling （巡游）for bodies to inhabit, in addition to burning animals and other offerings to the Druidic deities（神, 神性）. It is also a popular belief that they would burn people who they believed to be possessed, but this has largely been debunked （揭穿, 拆穿假面具, 暴露）as myth. This yearly festival was adopted by the Roman invaders, who helped to propagate （传播, 宣传）it throughout the rest of the world (and at that time, the Roman Empire was the world). The word "Halloween" itself actually comes from a contraction of All Hallows Eve, or All Saint's Day (November 1), which is a Catholic day of observance in honor of saints. This tradition was later brought to the North American continent by Irish immigrants who were escaping the Potato Famine in their homeland. In addition to the festival itself, the immigrants brought several customs with them, including one of the symbols most commonly associated with Halloween -- the Jack 'O Lantern. According to Irish folklore, there once lived a man named Jack who was known for being a drunk and a prankster（顽皮的人, 爱开玩笑的人）. One night Jack tricked the devil into climbing a tree, and quickly carved an image of a cross on the trunk, trapping the devil. Jack then made him promise that, in exchange for letting him out of the tree, the Devil would never tempt him to sin again. He reluctantly agreed, but was able to exact his revenge upon Jack's death. Because of his mischievous ways in life, Jack was barred from entering heaven and because of his earlier trick, he was also barred from hell. So he was doomed to wander the earth until the end of time, with only a single ember（灰烬, 余烬） (carried in a hollowed out turnip.[植]芜箐, 芜箐甘蓝) to warm him and light his way. In Ireland, they originally also used turnips for their "Jack Lanterns", but upon arriving in the new world, they discovered that pumpkins were abundant and easier to carve out.

Halloween is a holiday celebrated on October 31. By tradition, Halloween begins after sunset. Long ago, people believed that witches gathered together and ghosts roamed the world on Halloween. Today, most people no longer believe in ghosts and witches. But these supernatural beings are still a part of Halloween.万圣节前夜是在10月31日庆祝的一个节日，根据传统，万圣节前夜的庆祝活动从太阳落山开始。在很久以前，人们相信在万圣节前夜女巫会聚集在一起，鬼魂在四处游荡。现在，大多数人们不再相信有鬼魂和女巫的存在了，但是他们仍然把这些作为万圣节前夜的一部分。The colors black and orange are also a part of Halloween. Black is a symbol for night and orange is the color of pumpkins. A jack-o’-lantern is a hollowed-out pumpkin with a face carved on one side. Candles are usually placed inside, giving the face a spooky glow.黑色和橙色仍然是万圣节前夜的一部分，黑色是夜晚的象征，而橙色代表着南瓜。南瓜灯是用雕刻成脸型，中间挖空，再插上蜡烛的南瓜做成的，带来一个毛骨悚然的灼热面孔。

Halloween is always celebrated on 31 October. Halloween is one of the oldest celebrations in the world, dating back over 2000 years to the time of the Celts who lived in Britain Halloween is also know by other names: All Hallows Eve Samhain All Hallowtide The Feast of the Dead The Day of the Dead Halloween in Welsh is 'Nos Calan Gaeaf'. Halloween is correctly spelt as Hallowe’en. When Christianity came to England and the rest of Europe, 1 November became All Saints Day - a day dedicated to all those saints who didn't have a special day of their own. They performed a mass called 'All hallows mass' and the night before became known as All Hallows E'en and eventually Hallowe’en or Halloween. When the Romans conquered England, they merged Samhain with their own festivals, a harvest festival called Poloma, and a celebration for the dead called Feralia. In Mexico, they celebrate El Dia de los Muertos or the Day of the Dead starting the evening of October 31. It is thought that the colours orange and black became Halloween colours because orange is associated with harvests (Halloween marks the end of harvest) and black is associated with death. Black cats were originally believed to protect witches' powers from negative forces. A pumpkin is really a squash, and comes from the same family as the cucumber. About 99% of pumpkins sold are used as Jack O' Lanterns at Halloween. The biggest pumpkin in the world tipped the scales at a whopping 1,446 pounds. This gigantic gourd was weighed in October 2004 at a pumpkin festival in Port Elgin, Ontario, Canada. The record for the fastest pumpkin carver in the world is Jerry Ayers of Baltimore, Ohio. He carved a pumpkin in just 37 seconds! The very first jack o' lantern was made out of hollowed out turnips. Ringing a bell scares evil spirits away. If you see a spider on this night, it could be the spirit of a dead loved one who is watching you. To meet a witch, put your clothes on inside out and walk backwards on Halloween night. Top Tips for Halloween If your pumpkin lanternshrivels up, you can restore it by soaking it overnight in water to re hydrateit.

万圣节（HALLOWEEN）为每年的10月31日。是11月1日诸圣节的前夕，通常叫做万圣节，这一夜是一年中最“闹鬼”的一夜，所以也叫“鬼节”。源自古代凯尔特民族(Celtic)的新年节庆，此时也是祭祀亡魂的时刻，在避免恶灵干扰的同时，也以食物祭拜祖灵及善灵以祈平安渡过严冬，是西方传统节日。万圣节期间，许多公共场所乃至居家院落，都会布置上很多装璜，诸如各式鬼怪、南瓜灯、还有黑猫以及巫婆的扫帚之类；孩子们会穿上每年不一样的万圣节服装，拎着南瓜灯的提篓去挨家挨户地讨糖，说是“trick or treat”。万圣节，是天主教、圣公宗和东正教都有的节日。在天主教会和圣公会中，万圣节在每年的11月1日。在正教会中，诸圣节是圣灵降临节（Pentecost）之后的第一个星期日，因而标志着复活节季度的结束。 公元1世纪初，欧洲的天主教会把11月1日定为“天下圣徒之日” (ALL HALLOWS DAY) 。“HALLOW” 即圣徒之意。传说自公元前五百年，居住在爱尔兰、苏格兰等地的凯尔特人（CELTS）把这节日往前移了一天，即10月31日。在苏格兰和加拿大的某些区域，万圣节仍然被称为All Hallow Mas，意思是在纪念所有的圣人（Hallow）那一天，要举行的弥撒仪式（Mass）。另由于文化的差异，其他地区的人们会时常将万圣夜误称为万圣节。不同于圣诞节和平安夜，万圣节与万圣夜并没有什么区别。人们往往就将西方的“万圣夜”认为是万圣节，因为当夜过了12点，就算是新的一天开始了。万圣节 - 名称 很多民族都在万圣节前夜有庆典聚会，这又被叫做“All Hallow E'en”、“The Eve of All Hallows”、“Hallow e'en”，或者“The eve of All Saintas'Day”。最终约定俗成演变成了“Halloween”，中文意译成了万圣节之夜。[1][2] 万圣节 - 来源 万圣节的南瓜灯笼关于万圣节由来的，传说最多的版本认为，那是源于基督诞生前的古西欧国家，主要包括爱尔兰、苏格兰和威尔士。这几处的古西欧人叫德鲁伊特人。德鲁伊特的新年在11月1日，新年前夜，德鲁伊特人让年轻人集队，戴着各种怪异面具，拎着刻好的萝卜灯（南瓜灯系后期习俗，古西欧最早没有南瓜），他们游走于村落间。这在当时实则为一种秋收的庆典；也有说是“鬼节”，传说当年死去的人，灵魂会在万圣节的前夜造访人世，据说人们应该让造访的鬼魂看到圆满的收成并对鬼魂呈现出丰盛的款待。所有篝火及灯火，一来为了吓走鬼魂，同时也为鬼魂照亮路线，引导其回归。 在中世纪的中欧，曾有过基督教摧毁异教徒的历史。可是新年夜前的祭祀庆典从未真正消除，不过以巫术的形式出现。这也就是为什么人们现在的万圣节里，还留有巫婆的扫帚、黑猫、咒语等痕迹。[1] 万圣节 - 庆祝活动 万圣节庆祝活动从10月31日晚开始，称为万圣节前夜（Halloween）。主要流行在说习惯英语的一些国家。在前夜，人们会按照风俗带上面具、穿上奇异的衣服打扮成鬼怪的模样，家家户户都会用南瓜雕空做成灯。孩子们会打扮好后提着南瓜灯挨家挨户讨要糖果。人们在这天并不拜祭祖先或鬼神。据说打扮成鬼怪模样和做南瓜灯是为了吓跑出来作恶的鬼怪。关于这一日得起源，存在四种不同的说法，但都与鬼有关。流传至今，已经几乎没有了任何宗教或迷信色彩成分，人们的打扮已经不止是鬼怪，任何人都可以随意发挥，很多地区每年都会组织举行大型化妆游行活动，热闹非凡。[3] 万圣节 - 发展 万圣节小孩讨要糖果万圣节流传到今天已经完全没有了宗教迷信色彩，它成了一个孩子们的节目，也是年轻人化装舞会的节目。公共场合以及居家周围的节日布置都是自愿的。鬼脸南瓜灯、白网黑蜘蛛等，都是节日的装点，已没有骇人之鬼魅色彩。有的女学生还在这时候会买一对南瓜或者鬼骷髅的耳环来佩带。学校在万圣节是不放假的。有时学校出面组织晚会，有时不甘寂寞的学生们也会自己主办小型晚会；而朋友、家人间互寄贺卡祝万圣节快乐则成为每年十月间流行的习俗。万圣节已成为西方人一个很普通的季节性节日。有很多人将此看作秋的结束以及冬的到来。万圣节一过，人们就开始期盼感恩节、圣诞节乃至新年。[1] 万圣节 - 节日主题 万圣节的主题是鬼怪、吓人，以及与死亡、魔法、怪物有关的事物。万圣节 - 象征 通常与万圣节扯上关系的事物有鬼魂、食尸鬼、巫婆、蝙蝠、黑猫、猫头鹰、精灵、僵尸、骷髅和恶魔等，还有虚构人物如吸血僵尸和科学怪人。黑色和橙色是万圣节的传统颜色。现代万圣节的产品也大量使用紫色、绿色和红色。秋天的元素如南瓜和稻草人等，也成为万圣节的象征。象征物杰克灯是万圣节最广为人知的象征物。在英国和爱尔兰，当地人原本在挖空的芜菁中燃点蜡烛造成杰克灯，但移民到美国的人很快便采用南瓜代替，因为南瓜比较大和容易在上面雕刻图案。不少家庭在南瓜上刻上吓人的面容，并放在大门口的阶梯上，传统上此做法是想吓走恶魔或妖怪。节日鬼怪南瓜灯南瓜是万圣节的代表，在脑袋上套个南瓜吧，记得留几个洞。幽灵幽灵的传说遍及全世界，鬼怪的节日自然也少不了它的出现。僵尸一脸煞白或是满面挂彩，僵尸的形象随你想象。吸血鬼优雅、高贵而又冷酷的血族历来都是神秘午夜故事中的常客。巫婆黑猫、扫把、魔法帽……法力无边，但要当心脸上的皱纹哦。科学怪人科幻史上的经典科学怪人，如今也经常现身于万圣节中。精灵每个人心中都有自己的精灵，人们想象的精灵是什么模样。半人马半人马的来源在希腊神话中说法不一，于是半人马也有善与恶。狼人有时是吸血鬼的死敌，有时又传播恐怖和瘟疫。魔鬼我能够满足你的愿望，凡人，但是你要把灵魂抵押给我。哥布林不同的传说与故事中，这些小东西时而邪恶时而滑稽。不死火焰鸟沐浴于阳光，涅槃于火焰，象征着不朽和重生。牛头人克里特岛的牛头怪传说让这种怪物世人皆知。美杜莎传说中能把人石化的蛇发女妖，曾经美丽堪比雅典娜。泰坦希腊神话中曾统治世界的古老的神族，巨人的代表。石像鬼整日坐在哥特式建筑屋顶上，在望天还是在思考。蜥蜴人全身披满厚厚的绿色鳞甲，每只手仅有三个指头。木乃伊化妆好了是木乃伊，COS不善就是重病号。贝希摩斯旧约所记载的巨兽，有人认为它是撒旦的化身。大脚怪这种巨型怪兽从未被证实，但传说流传已久。巴哈姆特巴哈姆特的传说代表着阿拉伯人的宇宙观。巫妖用魔法获得永恒的生命，用永恒的生命研究魔法。矮人矿石、美酒、大胡子，了解矮人要从这些开始。巨魔无论哪里的巨魔传说，都少不了它们神奇的再生能力。无头骑士爱尔兰民间传说中的鬼怪，万圣节不可缺少的角色。骷髅骷髅也是恐怖的东西哦。食尸鬼传说中的恶魔，专门吃尸体，如果谁旁边躺着一个尸体那就完了。超级英雄现在穿着好莱坞风格的超人、蝙蝠侠、蜘蛛人等服装也十分流行。卡通人物超级玛丽等卡通人物最近也是经典的万圣节装扮。万圣节 - 习俗 不请客就捣乱 万圣节（万圣夜）的主要活动是“不请客就捣乱”（Trick-or-treat）。小孩装扮成各种恐怖样子，逐门逐户按响邻居的门钟，大叫："Trick or Treat!"（意即不请客就捣乱），主人家（可能同样穿着恐怖服装）便会派出一些糖果、朱古力或是小礼物。部分家庭甚至使用声音特效和制烟机器营造恐怖气氛。大多数家庭十分乐于款待这些天真烂漫的小孩，于是，小孩一晚取得的糖果往往以袋计，整袋整袋的搬回家。在苏格兰，小孩要糖果时会说：“The sky is blue, the grass is green, may we have our Halloween.”（天是蓝色，地是绿色，齐来庆祝万圣节前夜），然后以唱歌跳舞等表演来博得糖果。杰克灯 杰克灯是万圣节最广为人知的象征物。在英国和爱尔兰，当地人原本在挖空的芜菁中燃点蜡烛造成杰克灯，但移民到美国的人很快便采用南瓜代替，因为南瓜比较大和容易在上面雕刻图案。不少家庭在南瓜上刻上吓人的面容，并放在大门口的阶梯上，传统上此做法是想吓走恶魔或妖怪。 妖魔鬼怪翩翩起舞咬苹果 万圣节前夜最流行的游戏是“咬苹果游戏”（Bobbing for Apples）。游戏时，人们让苹果漂浮在装满水的盆里，然后让参与者在不用手的条件下用嘴去咬苹果，谁先咬到，谁就是优胜者。占卜游戏 在爱尔兰，有一种传统占卜游戏，参加者蒙着眼，从放着几个小碟的桌上选出其中一只，如摸到的碟盛有泥土，代表来年会有与参加者有关的人过身，如盛有水代表会远行，盛有钱币代表会发财，盛有豆代表会穷困等等。在19世纪的爱尔兰，少女会在洒有面粉的碟上放蛞蝓，而蛞蝓爬行的痕迹会是少女将来丈夫的模样。在北美，传说如果未婚女子在万圣夜坐在黑暗的房间中，便可以在镜中看见未来丈夫的样貌。如果她们将于结婚前死去，镜中便会出现一个头骨。这个习俗自19世纪后期已经非常流行，也有相关的贺卡售卖。说鬼故事及看恐怖片是万圣节派对中常见的活动。以万圣节为主题的电视特辑通常在万圣节假期当天或之前播放，对象多数是儿童。万圣节 - 食物 由于万圣夜临近苹果的丰收期，太妃糖苹果（toffee apples）成为应节食品。其他特色食品还有：粟米糖、热苹果酒、烘南瓜子。万圣节的传统食物是苹果汁、爆玉米花、南瓜馅饼和女巫状的香料生姜饼等。中文名称： 万圣节 ​外文名称： Halloween 别名： 鬼节，诸圣节。 ​公历日期： 10月31日 起源时间： -500年 ​宗教： 天主教、圣公宗和东正教都有的节日。 其他信息： 习俗：打扮成鬼怪、做南瓜灯。 中文名称： 万圣节 ​外文名称： Halloween 别名： 鬼节，诸圣节。 ​公历日期： 10月31日 起源时间： -500年 ​宗教： 天主教、圣公宗和东正教都有的节日。 其他信息： 习俗：打扮成鬼怪、做南瓜灯。

Halloween is always celebrated on 31 October. Halloween is one of the oldest celebrations in the world, dating back over 2000 years to the time of the Celts who lived in Britain Halloween is also know by other names: All Hallows Eve Samhain All Hallowtide The Feast of the Dead The Day of the Dead Halloween in Welsh is 'Nos Calan Gaeaf'. Halloween is correctly spelt as Hallowe’en. When Christianity came to England and the rest of Europe, 1 November became All Saints Day - a day dedicated to all those saints who didn't have a special day of their own. They performed a mass called 'All hallows mass' and the night before became known as All Hallows E'en and eventually Hallowe’en or Halloween. When the Romans conquered England, they merged Samhain with their own festivals, a harvest festival called Poloma, and a celebration for the dead called Feralia. In Mexico, they celebrate El Dia de los Muertos or the Day of the Dead starting the evening of October 31. It is thought that the colours orange and black became Halloween colours because orange is associated with harvests (Halloween marks the end of harvest) and black is associated with death. Black cats were originally believed to protect witches' powers from negative forces. A pumpkin is really a squash, and comes from the same family as the cucumber. About 99% of pumpkins sold are used as Jack O' Lanterns at Halloween. The biggest pumpkin in the world tipped the scales at a whopping 1,446 pounds. This gigantic gourd was weighed in October 2004 at a pumpkin festival in Port Elgin, Ontario, Canada. The record for the fastest pumpkin carver in the world is Jerry Ayers of Baltimore, Ohio. He carved a pumpkin in just 37 seconds! The very first jack o' lantern was made out of hollowed out turnips. Ringing a bell scares evil spirits away. If you see a spider on this night, it could be the spirit of a dead loved one who is watching you. To meet a witch, put your clothes on inside out and walk backwards on Halloween night. Top Tips for Halloween If your pumpkin lanternshrivels up, you can restore it by soaking it overnight in water to re hydrateit. 编辑本段万圣节习俗 10月31日是西洋万圣节，美国的街上四处可见精彩的现场表演、戏台上演的幻觉魔术、逼真的游尸和鬼魂，及各种恐怖电影的放映。 到了晚上，便赶紧将蜘蛛丝架起来，再帮负责吓人的演员上妆。鬼屋的内容，则大多与电影主题有关，如：神鬼传奇、星际传奇、鬼故事…。这些场景的布置、化妆技术和戏服，有如真的情境，一不留神，肯定令人惊声尖叫。 这场嘉年华盛会的由来是在公元前五百年时，居住在爱尔兰、苏格兰等地的人们相信，往生人的亡魂会在10月31日这一天回到生前所居住的地方，并在活人的身上找寻生灵，以获得再生的机会。当地居民因为担心鬼魂来夺取自己的生命，故当10月31日到来时，会将所有灯光熄掉，使得鬼魂无法找寻到活人，并打扮成妖魔鬼怪以将鬼魂吓走。 随着时间的流逝，万圣节的意义逐变得含有喜庆的意味。因此现在象征万圣节的妖怪及图画，都变成了可爱又古灵精怪的模样，如番瓜妖怪、巫婆等。喜爱发挥创意的美国人，在这一天则极尽所能的将自己打扮得鬼模鬼样，让鬼节变得趣味多了。 孩子们喜爱的节日 万圣节是儿童们纵情玩乐的好时候。它在孩子们眼中，是一个充满神秘色彩的节日。夜幕降临，孩子们便迫不及待地穿上五颜六色的化妆服，戴上千奇百怪的面具，提上一盏“杰克灯”跑出去玩。“杰克灯”的样子十分可爱，做法是将南瓜掏空，外面刻上笑眯眯的眼睛和大嘴巴，然后在瓜中插上一支蜡烛，把它点燃，人们在很远的地方便能看到这张憨态可掬的笑脸。 收拾停当后，一群群装扮成妖魔鬼怪的孩子手提“杰克灯”，跑到邻居家门前，威吓般地喊着：“要恶作剧还是给款待”、“给钱还是给吃的”。如果大人不用糖果、零钱款待他们，那些调皮的孩子就说到做到：好，你不款待，我就捉弄你。他们有时把人家的门把手涂上肥皂，有时把别人的猫涂上颜色。这些小恶作剧常令大人啼笑皆非。当然，大多数人家都非常乐于款待这些天真烂漫的小客人。所以万圣节前夜的孩子们总是肚子塞得饱饱的，口袋装得满满的。 万圣节前夜最流行的游戏是“咬苹果”。游戏时，人们让苹果漂浮在装满水的盆里，然后让孩子们在不用手的条件下用嘴去咬苹果，谁先咬到，谁就是优胜者。 不请吃就捣乱——Trick or treat 万圣节的一个有趣内容是“Trick or treat”，这习俗却并非源自爱尔兰，而是始于公元九世纪的欧洲基督教会。那时的11月2日，被基督徒们称为 “ALL SOULS DAY”（万灵之日）。在这一天，信徒们跋涉于僻壤乡间，挨村挨户乞讨用面粉及葡萄干制成的“灵魂之饼”。据说捐赠糕饼的人家都相信教会僧人的祈祷，期待由此得到上帝的佑护，让死去的亲人早日进入天堂。这种挨家乞讨的传统传至当今竟演变成了孩子们提着南瓜灯笼挨家讨糖吃的游戏。见面时，打扮成鬼精灵模样的孩子们千篇一律地都要发出“不请吃就要捣乱（不给糖就捣蛋）”的威胁，而主人自然不敢怠慢，忙声说“请吃！请吃！”同时把糖果放进孩子们随身携带的大口袋里。 雕空南瓜做面具 还有南瓜雕空当灯笼的故事。这又是源于古代爱尔兰。故事是说一个名叫 JACK 的人，是个醉汉且爱恶作剧。一天 JACK 把恶魔骗上了树，随即在树桩上刻了个十字，恐吓恶魔令他不敢下来，然后 JACK 就与恶魔约法三章，让恶魔答应施法让JACK 永远不会犯罪为条件让他下树。 JACK 死后，其灵魂却既不能上天又不能下地狱，于是他的亡灵只好靠一根小蜡烛照着指引他在天地之间倘佯。 在古老的爱尔兰传说里，这根小蜡烛是在一根挖空的萝卜里放着，称作“JACK LANTERNS”，而古老的萝卜灯演变到今天，则是南瓜做的 Jack-O-Lantern 了。据说爱尔兰人到了美国不久，即发现南瓜不论从来源和雕刻来说都比萝卜胜一筹，于是南瓜就成了万圣节的宠物。 孩子们喜爱的节日 万圣节是儿童们纵情玩乐的好时候。它在孩子们眼中，是一个充满神秘色彩的节日。夜幕降临，孩子们便迫不及待地穿上五颜六色的化妆服，戴上千奇百怪的面具，提上一盏“杰克灯”跑出去玩。“杰克灯”的样子十分可爱，做法是将南瓜掏空，外面刻上笑眯眯的眼睛和大嘴巴，然后在瓜中插上一支蜡烛，把它点燃，人们在很远的地方便能看到这张憨态可掬的笑脸。 收拾停当后，一群群装扮成妖魔鬼怪的孩子手提“杰克灯”，跑到邻居家门前，威吓般地喊着：“要恶作剧还是给款待”、“给钱还是给吃的”。如果大人不用糖果、零钱款待他们，那些调皮的孩子就说到做到：好，你不款待，我就捉弄你。他们有时把人家的门把手涂上肥皂，有时把别人的猫涂上颜色。这些小恶作剧常令大人啼笑皆非。当然，大多数人家都非常乐于款待这些天真烂漫的小客人。所以万圣节前夜的孩子们总是肚子塞得饱饱的，口袋装得满满的。 万圣节前夜最流行的游戏是“咬苹果”。游戏时，人们让苹果漂浮在装满水的盆里，然后让孩子们在不用手的条件下用嘴去咬苹果，谁先咬到，谁就是优胜者。 "Halloween"一词的产生 很多民族都在万圣节前夜有庆典聚会，因此这一天又被叫做“All Hallow E'en”、“The Eve of All Hallows”、“Hallow e'en”，或者“The eve of All Saintas'Day”。最终约定俗成演变成了“Halloween”，中文意译成了万圣节之夜。 在西方国家，每年的10月31日，有个“Halloween”，辞典解释为“The eve of All Saints'Day”，中文译作：“万圣节之夜”。万圣节是西方国家的传统节日。这一夜是一年中最“闹鬼”的一夜，所以也叫“鬼节”。 关于万圣节由来的传说有许多版本，最普遍的认为，那是源于基督诞生前的古西欧国家，主要包括爱尔兰、苏格兰和威尔士。这几处的古西欧人叫德鲁伊特人。德鲁伊特的新年在十一月一日，新年前夜，德鲁伊特人让年轻人集队，戴着各种怪异面具，拎着刻好的萝卜灯（南瓜灯系后期习俗，古西欧最早没有南瓜），他们游走于村落间。这在当时实则为一种秋收的庆典；也有说是“鬼节”，传说当年死去的人，灵魂会在万圣节的前夜造访人世，据说人们应该让造访的鬼魂看到圆满的收成并对鬼魂呈现出丰盛的款待。所有篝火及灯火，一来为了吓走鬼魂，同时也为鬼魂照亮路线，引导其回归。 万圣节的传说 万圣节前夜就是"圣夜"的意思。而今天，万圣节前夜已经变成一年中最流行和最受欢迎的节日之一，许多玩家都以极大的热情来庆祝这一节日。 万圣节在10月31日，其实是赞美秋天的节日，就好像五朔节是赞美春天的节日一样。古代高卢、不列颠和爱尔兰的祭司——德鲁伊德有一个赞美秋天的盛大节日，从10月31日午夜开始，直至次日11月1日持续整整一天。他们认为，在那天晚上他们伟大的死神——萨曼会把那年死去人的鬼魂统统召来，这些恶鬼要受到托生为畜类的惩罚。当然，只要想到这种鬼魅的聚会，就足以令当时那些头脑简单的愚民胆战心谅的了。于是他们点起冲天的篝火，并严密监视这些恶鬼。 万圣节前夜到处有女巫和鬼魂的说法就是这么开始的。至今在欧洲某些与世隔绝的地区还有人相信这是真的。 如今在整个欧洲，人们都把万圣节前夜看作尽情玩闹、讲鬼故事和互相吓唬的好机会。于是人们不再把这节日仅仅用来赞美秋光，而是让它变成一场真正的“狂欢”。而脸谱化妆是万圣节传统节目之一。 万圣节巡游 (Greenwich Village Halloween Parade) 每年十月三十一日，是西方鬼怪出动的万圣节，据说其由来可追溯到公元前五世纪，当时居住于爱尔兰的凯尔特人(Celtic)将这天定为夏末，亦象征一年的结束，他们相信在新旧岁次交替的前夕，所有时空的规律也会暂时停顿，灵界大门在这晚会打开，令所有鬼魂趁机游走于人间，到处找寻适合的替身，藉此得以重生的机会。所以，凯尔特人为怕成为鬼魂的目标，便于当晚熄灭家中炉火，装成没有人在家，同时，戴上狰狞可怕的面具，并打扮成鬼怪模样一起走到街上巡游，营造喧哗吵闹的气氛，以驱赶那些游魂野鬼。 渐渐地，这些传统习俗已演变成今天年轻人的庆祝活动，大家尽情在这晚扮鬼扮马，过一个开开心心的节日。 纽约市也特别在万圣节晚上举行巡游，让一群吸血鬼，僵尸，巫婆，科学怪人等齐齐现身，还欢迎市民到场参观，到会者不限年龄、性别，不分阶级、国籍，即使你是胆小鬼，也可加入他们的行列，来个热热闹闹的人鬼嘉年华会。 其实这些鬼怪都是人扮的，所以并不可怕，相反有些小鬼脸更非常可爱，令人置身其中，就如参加大型化装舞会一样。 在各式各样的装扮角色中，以女巫和疆尸一族最多人扮演，而那些专卖万圣节用品的店铺也特别准备这类衣饰出售，以迎合大众所需；与此同时，生产商每年更会把当年大热的人物造型包括面具及衣物推出市场，务求令更多人投入这西方传统节日的热潮里，如在电影哈利波特的小巫师造型，已是许多孩子必选的扮演角色。 格林威治村的万圣节巡游〔Greenwich Village Halloween Parade〕始于1973年，由一位面具工匠兼木偶演员Mr Ralph Lee发起，据说最初他带着朋友和孩童一起在邻居处游行，后来渐渐演变成整个村的大型活动，而活动中当然少不了大型木偶表演，同时，巡行的目的更希望每一个人都是参与者而不是旁观者，所以即使人们只是抱着想看热闹的心态，当你踏进村子里，很快便会被邀请参与巡行，成为他们的一份子。 纽约市的万圣节巡游每年都吸引成千上万的纽约人和游客参加，而巡游会在格林威治村〔Greenwich Village〕举行，各队伍约在夜晚上七时从第六大道与春天街交界〔6th Avenue & Spring Street〕起步，一直游行至第二十三街〔6th Avenue & 23rd Street〕为止，全程大概个多小时。 无论是来自亚洲，南美，非洲，欧洲，以至中东地区的参观者，都可以把自己装扮成各式各样的人物，亦可带备简单乐器，即时演奏本土的独特音乐，融合无疆界的风土文化。可能我以前从未参加过万圣节的活动，更莫说这么精彩的巡游，所以特别觉得有新鲜感。 早于十月中，曼哈顿市已开始「闹鬼」了，在繁忙的街道上，已看见四处悬挂起万圣节的鬼怪装饰，很多百货公司也忙着把应节礼品及衣物堆放在橱窗里，吸引不少途人驻足观看，而超级市场及街市亦摆放大大小小的南瓜售卖，供市民买回家布置家园或制作南瓜灯之用，当然嘛，也有主妇烹煮南瓜作菜肴或糕饼，完全依足节庆传统。 在我家附近，许多邻居为了应节而特别布置家园，有涂上鬼脸的南瓜，写了幽默字句的墓碑，挂在树上的骷髅骨头，飞到屋顶的胖巫婆，还有从信箱中伸出的绿色怪手，更有些邻居把自己的前园装点成坟地，当晚上经过这些地方时，特别觉得阴森可怖，有些人在屋子外面铺上蜘蛛网，形如荒废很久的凶宅，总之各形各色，把万圣节的鬼魅色彩带到每一角落。 即使纽约人这夜选择留在家中，也可以感受到西方鬼节的气氛，因为无论电视台及电台均会推出有关万圣节的特备节目，而在网络世界，除了有形形式式的万圣咭不停发送外，很多大型网站已一早准备迎接这节日的到来，特别把网页改头换面，又或设计新游戏，等待更多人进入网区。 万圣节除了是大人喜爱的节庆外，也是小孩期待来临的日子。在这天晚上，一些扮鬼脸穿鬼服的孩童便会提着用南瓜制成的灯笼，南瓜外刻上眯眼睛和大嘴巴，透出内里点点烛光，跟我们在中秋节时自制的柚子灯笼很相似。这群小鬼会玩着“Trick or treat”(不给糖便会捣蛋)这传统恶作剧，四出到邻家讨糖吃，若果那一家没有给他们糖果，顽皮小鬼就会赖着不走，并说些不祥的话语，所以没有外出的人都会准备些糖果，让小朋友高高兴兴的离去。 据说这习俗原本是人们为了安抚那些鬼魂，所以预先把食物放在自家门前，鬼魂得到款待后，便会安静地离开，而到了现在，这迷信色彩已经消失，更变成小孩敲门要糖的活动，让大人小孩皆可以参与节庆，各自乐在其中。

Halloween introduces every year's November 1 is West's Halloween. October 31 is the Halloween. Usually named Halloween eve (Wan Shengye). Whenever Wan Shengye arrives, the children can put on colorfully impatiently put on make-up the clothing, puts on all sorts of strange and unusual mask, raises one “Jake the lamp” to walk the family to flee the household, demands the holiday to adults the gift. Halloween most widely the human knows the symbol is also precisely this difference - - strange “the Jake lamp” and “not disturbs for the sugar” the practical joke. “Jake lamp” the appearance is very lovable, the procedure extremely is also simple. Pulls out spatially the pumpkin, then engraves the eye which and the big mouth in outside smiles, inserts a candle again in the melon, lights it, the people can see this darling smiling face in the very far place convenience. This was the toys which the childrhowever Wan Shengye the climax on the dinner table, you already needs to prepare the good food to entertain these to come to disturb “the little rascal”, must dress up in this special holiday for yours dinner table. Do not let you the visitors look down on you!en most liked. This day of night is in one year most “is haunted” the time, each kind of demons and monsters, the pirate, outside the star guest and the sorceresses send out in abundance. Before the Christ era, Celts has not held the ceremony gratitude Heaven and sun's kindness in the summer. The soothsayer ignition and witch then drove away the evil spirit which all around loafed to be it is said strange. Afterward the roman the abundant harvest festival which and Celts's on October 31 celebrated with the kernel and the apple dissolves gathers. In middle ages, the people put on the animal modelling the clothing, to put on the fearful mask are want in Halloween eve action of driving away dark night ghost. Although afterward Christianity had replaced Kaierte and Rome's religious activities, the early custom retained. Now, the children are bringing on the psychological clothing which cracks a joke each kind of clothing and the mask participate in Wan Shengye the dance party, on these dance party wall all around is often being hanging the sorceress who, the black cat, the ghost and the skeleton sticks with the paper, before the window, and the entrance hangs is baring the tooth crack mouth perhaps the repulsive in appearance pumpkin lantern. The children also frequently attempt bites is being hanging the apple. Halloween's origin First kind of The method law has many editions about Halloween origin's fable, most universal believing, before that is stems from Christ to be born the ancient Western Europe country, mainly includes Ireland, Scotland and Wales, these ancient westerners' name are Druitt the human. Druitt new year in November month on first, the new year's eve, the Druitt person lets the young people collection team, wears each kind of strange mask, carries is engraving the good radish lamp (pumpkin lamp is the later period custom, ancient Western Europe does not have pumpkin most early), they walk randomly in the village between. This at that time the regulations was one kind of fall harvest's celebration; Also had said that was “the ghosts' festival”, the fable died in the past the human, the soul will visit the world in Halloween's eve, it is said the people should let the ghost which visited see the complete crop and presented sumptuous receiving cordially to the ghost. All bonfires and lights, as soon as comes to frighten off the ghost, simultaneously also illuminates the route for the ghost, guides its return. In middle ages Central Europe, once had Christianity to destroy heathen's history. But before the new year night of sacrificial offering celebration never truly eliminates, but appears by the witchcraft form. Why is this also in our present's Halloween, but also leaves leeway traces and so on sorceress's broom, black cat, incantation. The second kind More than 2000 years ago, Europe's Catholic Church decides as November 1 “date of the world disciple” (ALL HALLOWS DAY). “HALLOW” is meaning of the disciple. The fable from 500 B.C., lived in places such as Ireland, Scotland Celts (CELTS) proceeds this holiday to move one day, namely on October 31. They thought that this day was the summer official conclusion day, was also at the beginning of the year, the severe winter started one day. The people believed at that time, dead person's ghost in this day will return to the former dwelling to pursue the life on the live person body, the regeneration, moreover this will be the human after dying can obtain the regeneration the only hope. But is living the human fears the dead soul to seize lives, therefore the people extinguish the furnace fire, the candlelight in this day, lets the dead soul be unable to pursue the live person, also own dresses up the demons and monsters to frighten off spirit of the deceased person. Afterward, they will ignite the kindling material candlelight, start the new year life. The fable the Celts tribe also had at that time in October 31 kills the live person with holds a memorial service for the deceased person the custom. To 1 century, has seized the Kaierte tribe territory roman also gradually to accept Halloween custom, but henceforth abolished the various paper articles human sacrifice deceased person's barbaric procedure. The roman celebrates the abundant harvest holiday and the Celts ceremony unifies, wears the fearful mask, dresses up the animal or the ghost, then to expel the evil spirit which all around loafs in them. This is also the today whole world majority of people by the ancient spirit demon appearance, celebrates Halloween's origin. The time passes, Halloween's significance had the change gradually, becomes is positively joyful, jubilation's meaning mainstream. The dead soul asks the substitute person to return to the world the view also gradually to abandon and to put behind. To today, the symbolic Halloween's image, the drawing like sorceress, the black cat and so on, had friendly lovable and the funny face mostly. The third kind Celts (Celtic) believed that the sun god helps them to plant the crops. But, the sun god can every year and is imprisoned by the Samhain evil strength attack six months. Samhain, but also two titles, respectively are “Lord of Dead (death feudal lord)” as well as “Prince of Darkness (dark prince)”, he is having cold as well as the dark winter arrives at Celts's land. Celts is afraid October 31 the night, because they think this evening, has a pile of evil soul ambush in any place. They in the household utensils were on fire let these evil souls leave them the family (on a translation paragraph not to have one saying that the flame might frighten off the ghost. ) they believed that is Samhain calls the deceased person, they also believed that Samhain will become the deceased person other things, probably cat. Celts will install the fearful camouflage to expel that crowd of evil souls. (after this is Halloween's prototype) , Rome has seized Celts's land, October 31 Samhain rite gathers Rome's holiday and Celts in the same place, has become present's Halloween Halloween custom October 31 is the Western world Halloween, on US's street four obvious splendid live demonstrations, stage performance's illusion magic, lifelike You Shi and ghost, and each kind of terrorist movie's showing. To the evening, has then hurried the spider web to put up, the gang is responsible for the scary actor dress to do one's toilet again. Haunted house content, then mostly with movie subject related, for example: Fairy legend, interspace legend, ghost story…. These scene's arrangement, puts on make-up the technology and the costume, has like the real situation, one does not pay attention, definitely startled sound scream. This fine time passage grand meeting's origin is when 500 B.C., lives in places the such as Ireland, Scotland people believed that will be reborn in paradise person's ghost the place which this day will return in October 31 to live before death, and will pursue the life on live person's body, will obtain the regeneration the opportunity. Because the local resident the worry ghost captures own life, therefore, when on October 31 arrives, will possess the light to extinguish, will cause the ghost to be unable to pursue the live person, and will dress up the demons and monsters by to frighten off the ghost. Along with time passing, Halloween's significance by becomes includes jubilation's meaning. Therefore symbolizes Halloween's monster and the drawing now, turned lovably the ancient spirit demon appearance, like pumpkin monster, sorceress and so on. The affection display creativity's American, in this day to the utmost will dress up the clever mold clever type, let the ghosts' festival becomes the interest are many. 万圣节简介 在每年的11月1日是西方的万圣节。10月31日是万圣节前夕。通常叫做万圣节前夜（万圣夜）。每当万圣夜到来，孩子们都会迫不及待地穿上五颜六色的化妆服，戴上千奇百怪的面具，提着一盏“杰克灯”走家窜户，向大人们索要节日的礼物。万圣节最广为人知的象征也正是这两样——奇异的“杰克灯”和“不给糖就捣乱”的恶作剧。 “杰克灯”的样子十分可爱，做法也极为简单。将南瓜掏空，然后在外面刻上笑眯眯的眼睛和大嘴巴，再在瓜中插上一支蜡烛，把它点燃，人们在很远的地方便能看到这张憨态可掬的笑脸。这可是孩子们最喜欢的玩物了。 然而万圣夜的重头戏还是在餐桌上，你既要准备好美食来招待那些前来捣乱的“小鬼”，更要在这个特别的节日为你的餐桌装扮一番。千万不要让你的客人们小瞧了你哦！ 这天夜里是一年中最“闹鬼”的时候，各种妖魔鬼怪、海盗、外星来客和巫婆们纷纷出动。在基督纪元以前，凯尔特人在夏未举行仪式感激上苍和太阳的恩惠。当时的占卜者点燃并施巫术以驱赶据说在四周游荡的妖魔怪。后来罗马人用果仁和苹果来庆祝的丰收节与凯尔特人的10月31日溶合了。在中世纪，人们穿上动物造型的服饰、戴上可怕的面具是想在万圣节前夜驱赶黑夜中的鬼怪。尽管后来基督教代替了凯尔特和罗马的宗教活动，早期的习俗还是保留下来了。现在，孩子们带着开玩笑的心理穿戴上各种服饰和面具参加万圣夜舞会，这些舞会四周的墙上往往悬挂着用纸糊的巫婆、黑猫、鬼怪和尸骨，窗前和门口则吊着龇牙裂嘴或是面目可憎的南瓜灯笼。孩子们还常常试图咬住悬挂着的苹果。万圣节的由来 第一种 方法法关于万圣节由来的传说有许多版本，最普遍的认为，那是源于基督诞生前的古西欧国家，主要包括爱尔兰、苏格兰和威尔士，这几处的古西欧人叫德鲁伊特人。德鲁伊特的新年在十一月一日，新年前夜，德鲁伊特人让年轻人集队，戴着各种怪异面具，拎着刻好的萝卜灯（南瓜灯系后期习俗，古西欧最早没有南瓜），他们游走于村落间。这在当时实则为一种秋收的庆典；也有说是“鬼节”，传说当年死去的人，灵魂会在万圣节的前夜造访人世，据说人们应该让造访的鬼魂看到圆满的收成并对鬼魂呈现出丰盛的款待。所有篝火及灯火，一来为了吓走鬼魂，同时也为鬼魂照亮路线，引导其回归。 在中世纪的中欧，曾有过基督教摧毁异教徒的历史。可是新年夜前的祭祀庆典从未真正消除，不过以巫术的形式出现。这也就是为什么我们现在的万圣节里，还留有巫婆的扫帚、黑猫、咒语等痕迹。 第二种 两千多年前，欧洲的天主教会把11月1日定为“天下圣徒之日” (ALL HALLOWS DAY) 。“HALLOW” 即圣徒之意。传说自公元前五百年，居住在爱尔兰、苏格兰等地的凯尔特人 (CELTS)把这节日往前移了一天，即10月31日。他们认为该日是夏天正式结束的日子，也就是新年伊始，严酷的冬季开始的一天。那时人们相信，故人的亡魂会在这一天回到故居地在活人身上找寻生灵，借此再生，而且这是人在死后能获得再生的唯一希望。而活着的人则惧怕死魂来夺生，于是人们就在这一天熄掉炉火、烛光，让死魂无法找寻活人，又把自己打扮成妖魔鬼怪把死人之魂灵吓走。之后，他们又会把火种烛光重新燃起，开始新的一年的生活。传说那时凯尔特人部落还有在10月31日把活人杀死用以祭奠死人的习俗。 到了公元1世纪，占领了凯尔特部落领地的罗马人也渐渐接受了万圣节习俗，但从此废止了烧活人祭死人的野蛮做法。罗马人庆祝丰收的节日与凯尔特人仪式结合，戴着可怕的面具，打扮成动物或鬼怪，则是为了赶走在他们四周游荡的妖魔。这也就是今天全球大部分人以古灵精怪的打扮，来庆祝万圣节的由来。时间流逝，万圣节的意义逐渐起了变化，变得积极快乐起来，喜庆的意味成了主流。死魂找替身返世的说法也渐渐被摒弃和忘却。到了今天，象征万圣节的形象、图画如巫婆、黑猫等，大都有友善可爱和滑稽的脸。 第三种 凯尔特人（Celtic）相信太阳神帮助他们种植农作物。但是，每年太阳神都会被一个名叫Samhain的邪恶力量攻击并被囚禁六个月。Samhain，还有两个称号，分别是“Lord of Dead（死亡领主）”以及“Prince of Darkness（暗黑王子）”，他带着寒冷以及黑暗的冬天来到凯尔特人的土地。 凯尔特人非常害怕10月31日的夜晚，因为他们觉得这晚，有一堆邪恶灵魂潜伏在任何地方。他们在家生起火来让那些邪恶灵魂离开他们的家（上一个没有翻译的段落有一句是说火焰可以把鬼魂吓走的。）他们相信是Samhain把死人叫出来的，他们还相信Samhain会把死人变为其他东西，好像猫。凯尔特人会装着可怕的伪装来把那群邪恶灵魂赶走。（这就是万圣节的原型） 后罗马占领了凯尔特人的土地，把罗马的节日和凯尔特人10月31日的Samhain祭典合在一起，就成了现在的万圣节。万圣节习俗 10月31日是西洋万圣节前夕，美国的街上四处可见精彩的现场表演、戏台上演的幻觉魔术、逼真的游尸和鬼魂，及各种恐怖电影的放映。 到了晚上，便赶紧将蜘蛛丝架起来，再帮负责吓人的演员上妆。鬼屋的内容，则大多与电影主题有关，如：神鬼传奇、星际传奇、鬼故事…。这些场景的布置、化妆技术和戏服，有如真的情境，一不留神，肯定令人惊声尖叫。 这场嘉年华盛会的由来是在公元前五百年时，居住在爱尔兰、苏格兰等地的人们相信，往生人的亡魂会在10月31日这一天回到生前所居住的地方，并在活人的身上找寻生灵，以获得再生的机会。当地居民因为担心鬼魂来夺取自己的生命，故当10月31日到来时，会将所有灯光熄掉，使得鬼魂无法找寻到活人，并打扮成妖魔鬼怪以将鬼魂吓走。 随着时间的流逝，万圣节的意义逐变得含有喜庆的意味。因此现在象征万圣节的妖怪及图画，都变成了可爱又古灵精怪的模样，如番瓜妖怪、巫婆等。喜爱发挥创意的美国人，在这一天则极尽所能的将自己打扮得鬼模鬼样，让鬼节变得趣味多了。

万圣节的由来:在西方国家，每年的10月31日为“万圣节之夜”。万圣节是西方国家的传统节日。节日之夜是一年中最“闹鬼”的一夜，所以也叫“鬼节”。那时人们相信，故人的亡魂会在这一天回到故居地在活人身上找寻生灵，借此再生，而且这是人在死后能获得再生的唯一希望。

习俗:万圣夜的主要活动是“不给糖就捣乱”（Trick-or-treating）。小孩装扮成各种恐怖样子，逐门逐户按响邻居的门铃，大叫："Trick or Treat!"（意即不请客就捣乱），主人家（可能同样穿着恐怖服装）便会拿出一些糖果、巧克力或是小礼物。部分家庭甚至使用声音特效和制烟机器营造恐怖气氛。小孩一晚取得的糖果往往以袋计算，整袋整袋的搬回家。

On October 31st, dozens of children dressed in costumes（节日服装）knock on their neighbors' doors and yell "Trick or Treat" when the door opens. Pirates and princesses, ghosts and popular heroes of the day all hold bags open to catch the candy or other goodies that the neighbors drop in. As they give each child a treat the neighbors exclaim over the costumes and try to guess who is under the masks. Since the 800's November 1st is a religious holiday known as All Saints' Day（万圣节）. The Mass that was said on this day was called Allhallowmas. The evening before became known as All Hakkiw e'en, or Halloween. Like some other American celebrations, its origins lie in both pre-Christian and Christian customs. October 31 st was the eve of the Celtic（凯尔特人的）new year. The Celts were the ancestors of the present-day Irish, Welsh and Scottish people. On this day ghosts walked and mingled with the living, or so the Celts thought. The townspeople baked food all that day and when night fell they dressed up and tried to resemble the souls of the dead. Hoping that the ghosts would leave peacefully before midnight of the new year. Much later, when Christianity spread throughout Ireland and October 31 was no longer the last day of the year, Halloween became a celebration mostly for children. "Ghosts" went from door to door asking for treats, or else a trick would be played on the owners of the house. When millions of Irish people immigrated to the United States in the 1840s the tradition came with them. Today' school dances and neighborhood parties called "block parties" are popular among young and old alike. More and more adults celebrate Halloween. They dress up like historical or political figures and go to masquerade parties（化妆舞会）. In larger cities, costumed children and their parents gather at shopping malls early in the evening. Stores and businesses give parties with games and treats for the children.Teenagers enjoy costume dances at their schools and the more outrageous the costume the better! Certain pranks（恶作剧）such as soaping car windows and tipping over garbage cans are expected. But partying and pranks are not the only things that Halloweeners enjoy doing. Some collect money to buy food and medicine for needy children around the world. Symbols of Halloween Halloween originated as a celebration connected with evil spirits. Witches flying on broomsticks with black cats, ghosts, goblins（小精灵）and skeletons have all evolved as symbols of Halloween. They are popular trick-or-treat costumes and decorations for greeting cards and windows. Black is one of the traditional Halloween colors, probably because Halloween festivals and traditions took place at night. In the weeks before October 31, Americans decorate windows of houses and schools with silhouettes（轮廓）of witches and black cats. Pumpkins are also a symbol of Halloween. The pumpkin is an orange-colored squash, and orange has become the other traditional Halloween color. Carving pumpkins into jack- o'lanterns is a Halloween custom also dating back to Ireland. A legend grew up about a man named Jack who was so stingy（吝啬的）that he was not allowed into heaven when he died, because he was a miser（吝啬鬼）. He couldn't enter hell either because he had played jokes on the devil. As a result, Jack had to walk the earth with his lantern until Judgement Day（审判日）. The Irish people carved scary faces out of turnips（芜菁根）, beets（甜菜根）or potatoes representing "Jack of the Lantern," or Jack-o'lantern. When the Irish brought their customs to the United States, they carved faces on pumpkins because in the autumn they were more plentiful than turnips. Today jack-o'-lanterns in the windows of a house on Halloween night let costumed children know that there are goodies（糖果）waiting if they knock and say "Trick or Treat!" Halloween Treats Dried Pumpkin Seeds After carving your pumpkin, separate the pulp from the seeds. Rinse（冲洗）the seeds and spread them out to dry. The next day, add enough melted butter or margarine（人造黄油）to coat each seed. Spread the seeds onto a cookie sheet（甜酥饼干）and bake for 20 minutes in a 300 degree oven for 20 minutes or until they are slightly brown. Caramel Apples Take the paper wrapping off about 100 caramels（饴糖）and put them in a saucepan（炖锅）. Put the saucepan over a pan of boiling water. Boil the water until the caramels melt. Put a wooden stick into the top of each apple, dip the apple into the caramel. Let them cool on wax paper and enjoy! Scary Stories No Halloween party is complete without at least one scary story. Usually one person talks in a low voice while everyone else crowds together on the floor or around a fire. The following is a retelling of a tale told in Britain and in North Carolina and Virginia. "What Do You Come For?" There was an old woman who lived all by herself, and she was very lonely. Sitting in the kitchen one night, she said, "Oh, I wish I had some company." No sooner had she spoken than down the chimney tumbled two feet from which the flesh had rotted. The old woman's eyes bulged with terror. Then two legs dropped to the hearth and attached themselves to the feet. Then a body tumbled down, then two arms, and a man's head. As the old woman watched, the parts came together into a great, tall man. The man danced around and around the room. Faster and faster he went. Then he stopped, and he looked into her eyes. "What do you come for? she asked in a small voice that shivered and shook. "What do I come for?" he said. "I come for YOU!" The narrator shouts and jumps at the person near him!Historian Nicholas Rogers, exploring the origins of Halloween, notes that while "some folklorists have detected its origins in the Roman feast of Pomona, the goddess of fruits and seeds, or in the festival of the dead called Parentalia, [it is] more typically linked to the Celtic festival of Samhain or Samuin (pronounced sow-an or sow-in)". The name is derived from Old Irish and means roughly "summer's end". A similar festival was held by the ancient Britons and is known as Calan Gaeaf (pronounced kalan-geyf).Snap-Apple Night by Daniel Maclise showing a Halloween party in Blarney, Ireland, in 1832. The young children on the right bob for apples. A couple in the center play a variant, which involves retrieving an apple hanging from a string. The couples at left play divination games.The festival of Samhain celebrates the end of the "lighter half" of the year and beginning of the "darker half", and is sometimes regarded as the "Celtic New Year".The ancient Celts believed that the border between this world and the Otherworld became thin on Samhain, allowing spirits (both harmless and harmful) to pass through. The family's ancestors were honoured and invited home whilst harmful spirits were warded off. It is believed that the need to ward off harmful spirits led to the wearing of costumes and masks. Their purpose was to disguise oneself as a harmful spirit and thus avoid harm. In Scotland the spirits were impersonated by young men dressed in white with masked, veiled or blackened faces. Samhain was also a time to take stock of food supplies and slaughter livestock for winter stores. Bonfires played a large part in the festivities. All other fires were doused and each home lit their hearth from the bonfire. The bones of slaughtered livestock were cast into its flames. Sometimes two bonfires would be built side-by-side, and people and their livestock would walk between them as a cleansing ritual.Another common practise was divination, which often involved the use of food and drink.The name 'Halloween' and many of its present-day traditions derive from the Old English era.

万圣节又叫诸圣节，在每年的11月1日，是西方的传统节日。名称由来：万圣节英文是All Saints Day，亦称“诸圣瞻礼”，天主教和东正教节日之一，是西方国家的传统节日。华语地区常将万圣夜误称为万圣节。“Hallow”来源于中古英语halwen，与holy词源很接近，在苏格兰和加拿大的某些区域，万圣节仍然被称为“All Hallow Mas”。那一天，要举行的弥撒仪式（Mass）是庆祝在天的全体圣人（Hallow）。现在社会上为了商业利益或其他目的，在10月31夜里组织各种充满妖魔鬼怪的活动，完全背离了万圣节的神圣意义。节日起源：关于万圣节由来的，版本繁多，流传较广的是：两千多年前，欧洲的基督教会把11月1日定为“天下圣徒之日” (ALL HALLOWSDAY) 。“HALLOW” 即圣徒之意。传说自公元前五百年，居住在爱尔兰、苏格兰等地的凯尔特人 (CELTS) 把这节日往前移了一天，即10月31日。他们认为该日是夏天正式结束的日子，也就是新年伊始，严酷的冬季开始的一天。那时人们相信， 故人的亡魂会在这一天回到故居地在活人身上找寻生灵，借此再生，而且这是人在死后能获得再生的唯一希望。而活着的人则惧怕死人的魂灵来夺生，于是人们就在这一天熄掉炉火、烛光，让死人的魂灵无法找到活人，又把自己打扮成妖魔鬼怪把死人的魂灵吓走。之后，他们又会把火种、烛光重新燃起，开始新的一年的生活。万圣节原本其实是赞美秋天的节日，就好像五月节是赞美春天一样。古代高卢、不列颠和爱尔兰的祭司——德鲁伊德有一个赞美秋天的盛大节日，从10月31日的午夜到次日11月1日，持续整整一天。他们认为，在那天晚上他们伟大的死神——萨曼把那年死去人的鬼魂统统召来，这些恶鬼要受到托生为畜类的惩罚。当然，只要想到这种鬼魅的聚会，就足以令当时那些头脑简单的愚民胆战心惊了。于是他们点起冲天的篝火，并严密监视这些恶鬼。万圣节前夜到处有女巫和鬼魂的说法就是这么开始的。至今在欧洲某些与世隔绝的地区，还有人相信这是真的。古罗马人在11月1日也有一个节日，那是用来向他们的波莫娜女神表示敬意的。他们在熊熊的篝火前烤坚果和苹果。我们的万圣节似乎就是由古罗马人的节日与德鲁伊德的节日揉合而成的。万圣节的活动原来是非常简单的，而且大部分是在教堂里进行。但在整个欧洲，人们都把万圣节前夜看作尽情玩闹、讲鬼故事和互相吓唬的好机会。于是人们不再把这节日用来赞美秋天，却让它变成神怪、巫婆和鬼魂的节日。

2011年万圣节万圣夜：10月31日 万圣节：11月1日 万圣夜(Halloween)(又叫鬼节，万圣节前夜)在每年的10月31日，是英语世界的传统节日，主要流行于北美、不列颠群岛、澳大利亚、加拿大和新西兰。每当万圣夜到来，孩子们都会迫不及待地穿上五颜六色的化妆服，戴上千奇百怪的面具，提着一盏“杰克灯”走家窜户，向大人们索要节日的礼物。华语地区常将万圣夜误称为万圣节。万圣夜通常与灵异的事物联系起来。欧洲传统上认为万圣节是鬼魂世界最接近人间的时间，这传说与中国的盂兰节类似。美国明尼苏达州的Anoka号发表称是“世界万圣节之都”，每年都举行大型的巡游庆祝。解读万圣节前夜(Halloween)就是"圣夜"的意思。然而，由于种种原因，万圣节前夜已变成一年中最流行和最受欢迎的节日之一，许多玩家都以极大的热情来庆祝这一节日。万圣节在10月31日，其实是赞美秋天的节日，就好像五朔节是赞美春天的节日一样。古代高卢、不列颠和爱尔兰的祭司--德鲁伊德有一个赞美秋天的盛大节日，从10月31日午夜开始，次日11月1日持续整整一天。他们认为，在那天晚上他们伟大的死神--萨曼把那年死去人的鬼魂统统召来，这些恶鬼要受到托生为畜类的惩罚。当然，只要想到这种鬼魅的聚会，就足以令当时那些头脑简单的愚民胆战心惊的了。于是他们点起冲天的篝火，并严密监视这些恶鬼。万圣节前夜到处有女巫和鬼魂的说法就是这么开始的。至今在欧洲某些与世隔绝的地区还有人相信这是真的。古罗马人在11月1日也有一个节日，那是用来向他们的波莫娜女神表示敬意的。他们在熊筋的篝火前烤坚果和苹果。我们自己的万圣节前夜似乎就是由古罗马人的节日与德鲁伊德的节日揉合而成的。万圣节前夜的活动原来是非常简单的，而且大部分是在教堂里进行的。但在整个欧洲，人们都把万圣节前夜看作尽情玩闹、讲鬼故事和互相吓唬的好机会。于是人们不再把这节日用来赞美秋光，却让它变成神怪、巫婆和鬼魂的节日。