唾液腺英语

hand<手> feet<脚>

运动系统locomotor system、神经系统nervous system、内分泌系统hormonal system、循环系统circulatory system、呼吸系统respiratory system、消化系统digestive system、泌尿系统urinary system、生殖系统reproductive system。

一、运动系统

由骨、关节和肌肉组成，约占成人体重的60%。全身各骨借关节相连形成骨骼，起支持体重、保护内脏和维持人体基本形态的作用。

骨骼肌附着于骨，在神经系统支配下收缩和舒张，收缩时，以关节为支点牵引骨改变位置，产生运动。骨和关节是运动系统的被动部分，骨骼肌是运动系统的主动部分。

It consists of bones, joints and muscles, accounting for about 60% of adult body weight. Bones and joints of the whole body are connected to form bones, which can support weight, protect viscera and maintain the basic shape of the human body.

Skeletal muscle adheres to bone, contracting and relaxing under the control of nervous system. When contracting, the joint is used as the fulcrum to pull the bone to change its position and produce movement.

Bone and joint are the passive parts of the motor system, while skeletal muscle is the active part of the motor system.

二、神经系统

神经系统是人体内起主导作用的系统。内、外环境的各种信息，由感受器接受后，通过周围神经传递到脑和脊髓的各级中枢进行整合，再经周围神经控制和调节机体各系统器官的活动，以维持机体与内、外界环境的相对平衡。

神经系统是由脑、脊髓、脑神经、脊神经、和植物性神经，以及各种神经节组成。能协调体内各器官、各系统的活动，使之成为完整的一体，并与外界环境发生相互作用。

The nervous system is the dominant system in the human body. All kinds of information in the internal and external environment are received by the receptor, integrated through the peripheral nerve to all levels of the brain and spinal cord.

and then controlled and regulated by the peripheral nerve to maintain the relative balance between the body and the internal and external environment.

The nervous system is composed of brain, spinal cord, brain nerve, spinal nerve, vegetative nerve and various ganglia. It can coordinate the activities of organs and systems in the body, make them a whole body, and interact with the external environment.

三、内分泌系统

内分泌腺是人体内一些无输出导管的腺体。它的分泌物称激素。对整个机体的生长、发育、代谢和生殖起着调节作用。

人体主要的内分泌腺有：下丘脑、垂体、甲状腺、肾上腺、胰岛、胸腺和性腺等。

Endocrine glands are some glands without output ducts in human body. Its secretion is called hormone. It regulates the growth, development, metabolism and reproduction of the whole body.

The main endocrine glands are hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, islet, thymus and gonad.

四、循环系统

血液循环系统是生物体的体液（包括细胞内液、血浆、淋巴和组织液）及其借以循环流动的管道组成的系统。从动物形成心脏以后血液循环系统分为心脏和血管两大部分，叫做心血管系统。

循环系统是生物体内的运输系统，它将消化道吸收的营养物质和由鳃或肺吸进的氧输送到各组织器官并将各组织器官的代谢产物通过同样的途径输入血液，经肺、肾排出体外。

The blood circulation system is a system of body fluids (including intracellular fluids, plasma, lymph and tissue fluids) and the pipes through which they circulate.

The blood circulation system is divided into two parts, the heart and the blood vessel, which is called the cardiovascular system. Circulation system is the transportation system in organisms.

It transports nutrients absorbed by digestive tract and oxygen absorbed by gill or lung to various tissues and organs, and transfuses metabolites of various tissues and organs into blood through the same way, and discharges them through lung and kidney.

五、呼吸系统

呼吸系统包括呼吸道（鼻腔、咽、喉、气管、支气管）和肺。

动物体在新陈代谢过程中要不断消耗氧气，产生二氧化碳。机体与外界环境进行气体交换的过程称为呼吸。气体交换地有两处，一处是由外界与呼吸器官（如肺、腮）的气体交换，称肺呼吸或腮呼吸（或外呼吸）；另一处由血液和组织液与机体组织、细胞之间进行气体交换（称内呼吸）。

The respiratory system includes the respiratory tract (nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchus) and lungs.

Animals need to consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide in the process of metabolism. The process of gas exchange between organism and environment is called breathing.

There are two places for gas exchange, one is the exchange of gas between the outside and respiratory organs (such as lung and parotid), called pulmonary or parotid breathing (or external breathing).

the other is the exchange of gas between blood and tissue fluid and organism tissues and cells (called internal breathing).

六、消化系统

人体内与消化摄食有关的器官包括：口腔、咽、食道、胃、小肠、大肠、肛门、以及唾液腺、胃腺、肠腺、胰腺、肝脏等，因此称它们为消化器官。这些消化器官协同工作，共同完成对食物的消化和对营养物质的吸收。所有的消化器官的总和称为消化系统。

The organs related to digestion and feeding in human body include oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, anus, salivary gland, gastric gland, intestinal gland, pancreas and liver, so they are called digestive organs.

These digestive organs work together to digest food and absorb nutrients. The sum of all digestive organs is called the digestive system.

七、泌尿系统

泌尿系统由肾、输尿管、膀胱及尿道组成。其主要功能为排泄。排泄是指机体代谢过程中所产生的各种不为机体所利用或者有害的物质向体外输送的生理过程。

被排出的物质一部分是营养物质的代谢产物；另一部分是衰老的细胞破坏时所形成的产物。此外，排泄物中还包括一些随食物摄入的多余物质，如多余的水和无机盐类。

The urinary system consists of kidney, ureter, bladder and urethra. Its main function is excretion.

Excretion refers to the physiological process in which all kinds of substances produced in the metabolic process of the body are not utilized by the body or are transported to the outside world by harmful substances.

The excreted substances are part of the metabolites of nutrients, and part of the products formed when aging cells are destroyed. In addition, excreta also contains some superfluous substances that are ingested with food, such as superfluous water and inorganic salts.

八、生殖系统

生殖系统是生物体内的和生殖密切相关的器官成分的总称。生殖系统的功能是产生生殖细胞，繁殖新个体，分泌性激素和维持第二性征。人体生殖系统有男性和女性两类。按生殖器所在部位，又分为内生殖器和外生殖器两部分。

Reproductive system is a general term for organ components closely related to reproduction in organisms.

The function of the reproductive system is to produce germ cells, reproduce new individuals, secrete sex hormones and maintain secondary sexual characteristics.

There are two types of human reproductive system: male and female. According to the location of genitalia, it can be divided into two parts: internal genitalia and external genitalia.

参考资料来源：百度百科－人体八大系统

消化器官有什么- -？

头:head头顶：the top (或：crown)of the head发：hair of the head额：forhead太阳穴:temple面部:face颊:cheek颧骨:cheekbone眼:eye眉毛:eyebrow睫毛:eyelash眼皮:eyelid眼球:eyeball瞳孔:pupil虹膜:iris耳:ear耳膜鼓:ear drum听道:auditory canal鼻:nose鼻孔:nostril鼻腔:nasal cavity鼻梁:brdge of the nose人中:philtrum口:mouth唇:lip舌:tongue牙:tooth(teeth)齿冠:crown齿龈:gum齿根:root;fang(牙)珐琅质:enamel硬腭:hard palate软腭:soft palate小舌:uvula扁桃体:tonsil声带:vocal cords咽头:pharynx下巴:chin颚,颌:jaw颚骨:jawbone颈;脖子:neck吼:throat咽喉:larynx项;颈背:nape（或：scruff)of the neck身躯,躯干:trunk背:back肩:shoulder腋窝:armpit胸:chest乳房:breast;thorax乳头:nipple腰:waist;loins肚脐:navel;belly button腹:abdomen;belly上腹:the upper abdomen下腹;the lower abdomen腹股沟:groin臀部:buttocks;hips;bottom;backside生殖器:genitals;genital organ肢:limb臂:arm上臂:upper arm前臂:fore arm胳膊弯:bend (或：crook)of the arm 肘:elbow腕:wrist手:hand手背:back of the hand手掌:palm of the hand 手指:finger大拇指:thumb食指:forefinger;index finger中指:middle finger无名指:ring finger小指:little finger指甲:finger nail腿:leg大腿:thigh小腿:lower leg;shank膝:knee膝关节:knee joint膝盖骨:kneecap膝弯:hollow of the knee;back of the knee腿肚:calf踝:ankle足:foot(feet)脚背:instep脚掌:sole of the foot后跟:heel趾:toe趾甲:toenail 心脏:heart 肌肉:muscle胸肌:pectoral muscle腹肌:abdominal muscle三角肌:deltoid muscle脑:brain大脑:cerebrum小脑:cerebellum Orbone 骨cartilage 软骨bone marrow 骨髓vertebra 椎骨cervical vertebrae 颈椎thoracic vertebrae 胸椎lumbar vertebrae 腰椎sacrum 骶骨coccyx 尾骨rib 肋costal bone 肋骨sternum 胸骨sternal angle 胸骨角cranium, skull 颅orbit 眶paranasal sinus 鼻旁窦frontal sinus 额窦maxillary sinus 上颌窦sphenoidal sinus 蝶窦ethmoidal sinus 筛窦pterion 翼点cranial fontanelles 颅囟clavicle 锁骨humerus 肱骨scapula 肩胛骨radius 桡骨ulna 尺骨carpal bones 腕骨metacarpal bones 掌骨phalanges 指骨/趾骨hip bone 髋骨ilium 髂骨ischium 坐骨pubis 耻骨acetabulum 髋臼femur 股骨patella 髌骨tibia 胫骨fibula 腓骨tarsal bones 跗骨metatarsal bones 跖骨arthrology 关节学fibrous joint 纤维连结cartilaginous joint 软骨连结synosteosis 骨性结合joint, articulation 关节vertebral column 脊柱intervertebral disc 椎间盘thoracic cage 胸廓temporomandibular joint颞下颌关节shoulder joint 肩关节elbow joint 肘关节radiocarpal joint/wrist joint桡腕关节pubic symphysis 耻骨联合pelvis 骨盆terminal line 界线sarotuberous ligament骶结节韧带sarospinous ligament骶棘韧带greater sciatic foramen坐骨大孔hip joint 髋关节knee joint 膝关节ankle joint 踝关节transverse tarsal joint跗横关节meniscus 半月板mycology 肌学muscle 肌肉tendon 肌腱aponeurosis 腱膜fascia 筋膜trapezius m. 斜方肌latissimus dorsi m. 背阔肌erector spinae m. 竖脊肌sternocleidomastoid m.胸锁乳突肌pectoralis major m. 胸大肌serratus anterior m. 前锯肌intercostal m. 肋间肌diaphragm 膈obliquus externus abdominis m. 腹外斜肌inguinal ligament 腹股沟韧带sheath of rectus abdominis腹直肌鞘linea alba 腹白线inguinal canal 腹股沟管inguinal triangle 腹股沟三角deltoid m. 三角肌biceps brachii m. 肱二头肌triceps brachii m. 肱三头肌gluteus maximus m. 臀大肌sartorius m. 缝匠肌quadriceps femoris m.股四头肌adductor magnus m. 大收肌triceps surae m. 小腿三头肌splanchnology 内脏学alimentary system 消化系统digestive tube/digestive tract消化管oral cavity 口腔palate 腭tongue 舌cheek 颊tooth 牙tonsil 扁桃体salivary glands 唾液腺sublingual gland 舌下腺parotid gland 腮腺submandibular gland 下颌下腺pharynx 咽esophagus 食管stomach, gaster 胃cardia 贲门pylorus 幽门small intestine 小肠duodenum 十二指肠jejunum 空肠ileum 回肠caecum 盲肠vermiform appendix 阑尾colon 结肠sigmoid colon 乙状结肠rectum 直肠anal canal 肛管anus 肛门liver, hepar 肝porta hepatis 肝门gall bladder 胆囊pancreas 胰respiratory system 呼吸系统nose 鼻nasal cavity 鼻腔larynx 喉trachea 气管bronchus 支气管lung 肺pleura 胸膜pleural cavity 胸膜腔pleural recesses 胸膜隐窝costodiaphragmatic recess肋膈隐窝mediastinum 纵隔urinary system 泌尿系统kidney 肾renal hilum 肾门renal pedicle 肾蒂ureter 输尿管urinary bladder 膀胱urethra 尿道reproductive system生殖系统testis 睾丸epididymis 附睾ductus deferens 输精管ejaculatory duct 射精管spermatic cord 精索prostate/prostate gland前列腺seminal vesicle 精囊bulbourethral gland 尿道球腺scrotum 阴囊penis 阴茎ovary 卵巢uterine tube 输卵管uterus 子宫vagina 阴道mamma, breast 乳房perineum 会阴pelvic diaphragm 盆膈urogenital diaphragm尿生殖膈peritoneum 腹膜greater omentum 大网膜omental burse 网膜囊mesentery 肠系膜subphrenic space 膈下间隙rectovesical ponch 直肠膀胱陷凹rectouterine pouch直肠子宫陷凹angiology 脉管学cardiovascular system心血管系统lymphatic syatem 淋巴系统heart 心cardiac atrium 心房cardiac ventricle 心室tricuspid valve 三尖瓣mitral valve 二尖瓣conus arteriosus 动脉圆锥pulmonary orifice 肺动脉口aortic sinus 主动脉窦interatrial septum 房间隔interventricular septum 室间隔sinuatrial node 窦房结atrioventricular node 房室结atrioventricular bundle房室束coronary artery 冠状动脉pericardium 心包pulmonary trunk 肺动脉干arterial ligament 动脉韧带common carotid a.颈总动脉carotid glomus 颈动脉小球internal carotid a. 颈内动脉facial a. 面动脉superficial temporal a.颞浅动脉subclavian a. 锁骨下动脉axillary a. 腋动脉brachial a. 肱动脉ulnar a. 尺动脉radial a. 桡动脉superficial palmar arch 掌浅弓thoracic aorta 胸主动脉abdominal aorta 腹主动脉coeliac trunk 腹腔干left gastric a. 胃左动脉common hepatic a. 肝总动脉splenic a. 脾动脉right gastroepiploic a.胃网膜右动脉superior mesenteric a. 肠系膜上动脉common iliac a. 髂总动脉external iliac a. 髂外动脉femoral a. 股动脉popliteal a. 腘动脉posterior tibial a. 胫后动脉peroneal a. 腓动脉dorsal artery of foot 足背动脉uterine a. 子宫动脉superior vena cava 上腔静脉brachiocephalic vein头臂静脉internal jugular v. 颈内静脉cephalic v. 头静脉basilic v. 贵要静脉median cubital v. 肘正中静脉azygos v. 奇静脉great saphenous v. 大隐静脉portal v. 门静脉paraumbilical v. 附脐静脉thoracic duct 胸导管superficial inguinal lymph nodes 腹股沟浅淋巴结spleen 脾thymus 胸腺sensory organs 感觉器visual organs 视器eye 眼cornea 角膜sclera 巩膜iris 虹膜pupil 瞳孔ciliary body 睫状体choroid 脉络膜retina 视网膜optic disc 视神经盘macula lutea 黄斑aqueous humor 房水lens 晶状体vitreous body 玻璃体conjunctiva 结膜lacrimal apparatus 泪器ophthalmic a. 眼动脉ear 耳tympanic membrane 鼓膜tympanic cavity 鼓室auditory tube 咽鼓管vestibule 前庭cochlea 耳蜗semicircular canal 半规管peripheral nervous system周围神经系统spinal nerve 脊神经spinal ganglia 脊神经节cervical plexus 颈丛phrenic n. 膈神经brachial plexus 臂丛median n. 正中神经musculocutaneous n. 肌皮神经intercostal n. 肋间神经lumbar plexus 腰丛obturator n. 闭孔神经sacral plexus 骶丛sciatic n. 坐骨神经tibial n. 胫神经common peroneal n. 腓总神经cranial n. 脑神经olfactory n. 嗅神经optic n. 视神经oculomotor n. 动眼神经trochlear n. 滑车神经trigeminal n. 三叉神经ophthalmic n. 眼神经maxillary n. 上颌神经mandibular n. 下颌神经abducent n. 展神经facial n. 面神经vestibulocochlear n.前庭蜗神经glossopharyngeal n. 舌咽神经vagus n. 迷走神经accessory n. 副神经hypoglossal n. 舌下神经chorda tympani 鼓索autonomic nervous system 自主神经系统sympathetic nerve 交感神经parasympathetic nerve副交感神经central nervous system 中枢神经系统spinal cord 脊髓gray matter 灰质cortex 皮质nucleus 神经核white matter 白质medulla 髓质fasciculus 纤维束ganglion 神经节reticular formation 网状结构spinal cord 脊髓anterior horn 前角posterior funiculus 后索anterior white commissure白质前连合fasciculus gracilis 薄束fasciculus cuneatus 楔束spinothalamic tract脊髓丘脑束corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓束corticonuclear tract 皮质核束brain, encephalon 脑brain stem 脑干medulla oblongata 延髓pyramid 锥体pyramidal decussation锥体交叉pons 脑桥midbrain, mesencephalon中脑red nucleus 红核substantia nigra 黑质cerebellum 小脑diencephalon 间脑thalamus 丘脑hypothalamus 下丘脑optic chiasma 视交叉medial geniculate body 内侧膝状体telencephalon 端脑lateral ventricle 侧脑室choroid plexus 脉络丛internal capsule 内囊corpus callosum 胼胝体corpus striatum 纹状体cerebral cortex 大脑皮质hippocampal formation 海马结构limbic system 边缘系统extrapyramidal system锥体外系cerebral dura mater 硬脑膜cavernous sinus 海绵窦epidural space 硬膜外隙subarachnoid space 蛛网膜下隙spinal pia mater 软脊膜cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液endocrine glands 内分泌腺thyroid gland 甲状腺parathyroid gland 甲状旁腺suprarenal gland 肾上腺hypophysis 垂体pineal corpus 松果体

身体：head 头、throat 喉咙, 咽喉、armpit hair 腋毛、nipple 乳头、chest 胸部、pit 胸口、navel 肚脐、abdomen 腹部、private parts 阴部、thigh 大腿、neck 脖子、shoulder 肩、back 背、waist 腰、hip 臀部、buttock 屁股、skull 颅骨, 头盖骨、collarbone 锁骨、rib 肋骨、backbone 脊骨, 脊柱、shoulder joint 肩关节、shoulder blade 肩胛骨、breastbone 胸骨、elbow joint 肘关节、pelvis 骨盆、kneecap 膝盖骨、bone 骨、skeleton 骨骼、sinew 腱、muscle 肌肉、joint 关节、blood vessel 血管、vein 静脉、房间：1. Classroom2. Changing room3. Locker room4. Waiting room5. Mailroom6. Restroom7. Box room8. Electrical room9. Equipment room10. Furnace room11. Boiler room12. Laundry room13. Utility room14. Mechanical room15. Billiard room16. Bonus room17. Common room18. Dining room19. Family room20. Great room

head 头 throat 喉咙, 咽喉 armpit hair 腋毛 nipple 乳头 chest 胸部 pit 胸口 navel 肚脐 abdomen 腹部 private parts 阴部 thigh 大腿 neck 脖子 shoulder 肩 back 背 waist 腰 hip 臀部 buttock 屁股 skull 颅骨, 头盖骨 collarbone 锁骨 rib 肋骨 backbone 脊骨, 脊柱 shoulder joint 肩关节 shoulder blade 肩胛骨 breastbone 胸骨 elbow joint 肘关节 pelvis 骨盆 kneecap 膝盖骨 bone 骨 skeleton 骨骼 sinew 腱 muscle 肌肉 joint 关节 blood vessel 血管 vein 静脉 artery 动脉 capillary 毛细血管 nerve 神经 spinal marrow 脊髓 brain 脑 respiration 呼吸 windpipe 气管 lung 肺 heart 心脏 diaphragm 隔膜 exhale 呼出 inhale 呼入 internal organs 内脏 gullet 食管 stomach 胃 liver 肝脏 gall bladder 胆囊 pancreas 胰腺 spleen 脾 duodenum 12指肠 small intestine 小肠 large intestine 大肠 blind gut 盲肠 vermiform appendix 阑尾 rectum 直肠 anus 肛门 bite 咬 chew 咀嚼 knead 揉捏 swallow 咽下 digest 消化 absord 吸收 discharge 排泄 excrement 粪便 kidney 肾脏 bladder 膀胱 penis 阴茎 testicles 睾丸 scroticles 阴囊 urine 尿道 ovary 卵巢 womb 子宫 vagina 阴道 hair 头发 forehead 额 temple 太阳穴 eyebrow 眉毛 eye 眼睛 ear 耳朵 cheek 面颊 nose 鼻子 lip 嘴唇 mouth 口 chin 下巴 bald head 秃头 wrinkles 皱纹 crow's-feet 鱼尾纹 mole 痣 Adam's apple 喉 freckles 雀斑 dimple 酒涡 pimple 粉刺 tooth 牙齿 uvual 小舌 tonsil 扁桃腺 tongue 舌 decayed tooth 龋齿 gum 牙龈 palate 上牙膛 incisors 切齿, 门齿 canine tooth 大齿 premolars 前齿 molars 后牙 denlture 假齿 mustache 小胡子 beard 山羊胡 whiskers 络腮胡 sidebums 鬓角 dark eye 黑眼睛 brow eye 茶色眼睛 blue eye 蓝眼睛 hazel eye 淡褐色眼睛 almond eye 杏仁眼 double eye 双眼皮 upturned nose 朝天鼻 aquiline nose 鹰钩鼻 snub nose 狮子鼻 bulbous nose 球状鼻 Grecian nose 悬胆鼻 Roman nose 鹰鼻 kinky hair 卷缩发 wavy hair 波浪发 straight hair 直发 blond hair 金发 thumb 大拇指 forefinger 食指 middle finger 中指 third finger 无名指 little finger 小指 palm 手掌 ball 拇指腕掌 nail 指甲 half moon 甲晕 fist 拳头 knuckle 指关节 back 手背 wrist 手腕 elbow 肘 armpit 腋下 take 拿在手上 have 拿着 hold 握住 grasp 抓住, 紧握 throw 投掷 carry 搬运 put 摆放 push 推 pull 拉 make 制作 break 打破 catch 抓住 point 指着 scratch 搔 pinch 捻 flip 弹 snap 响指 raise one's hand 举手 wave one's hand 摇手 stretch one's hand 伸手 shake hands with a person 与人握手 clap one's hands 拍手 fold one's arms 交叉双臂 thigh 大腿 knee 膝盖 shank 小腿 calf 小腿肚 foot 脚 instep 脚背 toes 脚趾 ankle 踝 Achilles's tendon 跟腱 heel 脚后跟 sole 脚底 arch 脚掌心 toddel 蹒跚行走 stagger 摇摇晃晃 trudge 步履艰难 walk on tiptoe 蹑足而行 jog 慢跑 dash 猛冲 race 赛跑 parade == jump 跳跃 hop 单脚跳 skip 蹦跳 trip 绊倒 slip 滑跤 fall 跌倒 limp 跛行 crawl 爬行 kneel 跪下 sit cross-legged 盘脚坐 stand on one leg 单脚站立 squat 蹲 chase 追