妖妖小雯雯
周日早上在北京天安门广场结束了60周年大型国庆庆祝活动的第一轮彩排。为了避免给市民生活带来影响，这次彩排在夜间举行，但是还是吸引了许多市民前来观看。请看新华社的报道：Starting early Saturday morning, the rehearsal featured a mass pageant involving nearly 200,000 citizens and 60 simulated floats, a gala by around 12,000 performers and a military review.这次彩排从周六凌晨开始，内容包括有将近20万市民参加、动用了60辆模拟彩车的群众欢庆游行，有1.2万人参与演出的联欢活动以及阅兵式。在上面的报道中，military review就是“阅兵式”。Review在该词组中的意思是“（军事）检阅，阅兵（式）”。例如hold a naval(an air, an army) review就是“举行海上（空中，陆军）阅兵式”。Review在表示这一意思时也可以作动词用，例如：The general reviewed his troops.（将军检阅了他的部队。）与“检阅”相关的词组还有pass in review，意思是“（使）列队经过接受检阅”，reviewing order是“检阅队形”，如troops drawn up in review order（排列成检阅队形的部队），reviewing stand则是“检阅台”。今年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立60周年纪念日，首都北京将举行隆重热烈的庆祝活动。24日，首都国庆60周年北京市筹备委员会新闻发言人向记者介绍了庆祝活动的安排和筹备情况。请看相关报道：The Tian'anmen Square will see a massive celebration to mark the nation's 60th birthday on October 1, said a spokesperson for the 60th National Day celebration preparation committee of the Beijing municipal government Monday. A mass pageant involving about 200000 citizens and 60 floats will follow a military parade. The military parade and mass pageant will be rehearsed at Tian'anmen Square several times from August 29 to September 26.据首都国庆60周年北京市筹备委员会新闻发言人24日介绍，今年10月1日，天安门广场将隆重庆祝新中国成立60周年，届时，将举行有近20万群众和60辆彩车组成的欢庆活动。8月29日至9月26日，天安门广场将举行数次国庆阅兵和群众欢庆游行彩排活动。在上面的报道中，mass pageant就是“群众欢庆游行”。其中mass是“民众”的意思，pageant指“盛装游行、庆典”，而且在pageant中经常会有彩车（float）。上文中还出现了parade一词。Pageant和parade都有“游行”的意思，而且parade也可以指庆祝游行，如May Day parade（五一节游行），但是parade更多的是指阅兵场上的列队行进。此外，parade还可以指“炫耀，展示”，例如：parade one’s knowledge（卖弄知识）。相对于parade，pageant有华丽盛大的场面，而且常有彩车。例如：the pageant of the Duke’s immense, sumptuous funeral（公爵葬礼的盛大豪华场面）。另外，pageant还有“露天历史剧”的意思。中国历次国庆大阅兵（英文简介） 2003年09月25日 15:09 According to the decision of the CPPCC in 1949 when the People’s Republic of China was founded, military parade should be listed among the key programs of the Grand Celebrations of National Day thereafter. A total number of 11 parades were conducted during the coming ten years since then, which however were followed by a break-up for a consecutive period of 24 years. The parade was not resumed until 1984. Based on Mr. Deng Xiaoping’s proposal, the central government decided to launch a grand parade to celebrate the 35th anniversary of the nation. The latest parade happened in 1999 when the nation celebrated its 50th anniversary. In the Tian’anmen Square, a splendid cross-century parade was staged. Parade is an important form of displaying the strength of armed forces and building up national confidence and pride. In general, the parade includes two parts. One is the military review, in which the reviewer reviews by passing by the troops; the other is the march-past, in which the troops march in front of the reviewing stand to be reviewed. The Parade on the Founding Ceremony of the PRC(1949): marching from east to west, the 16,400-people parading troops were headed by a 2-row navy troop with the infantry division, artillery division, chariot division and cavalry division followed. Seventeen airplanes of the air force, four out of which were carried with bombs, flied over Tian’anmen to receive the review. The Second National Day Parade (1950): Commander-in-chief Zhu De released the order that the PLA should be prepared for war in view of the tension in Korea and Taiwan. On the parade, the cavalry troops reined 1,900 white horses crossing Tian’anmen Square, making up the most spectacular vision of the parade. The Third National Day Parade (1951): the group taking the lead of the troops was made up of experienced and distinguished senior military officers who were receiving training in the war college. For the first time, a group of militias showed up on the parade. The Fourth National Day Parade (1952): the public security troop made its first appearance this year. Militias of different nationalities wore their colorful folk costumes with up-to-date weapons held in hand. In the spotlight was a group of motor infantry formed by a total number of 160 motorcycles. The Fifth National Day Parade (1953): the delegation of Chinese People’s Volunteers made its appearance in the Tian’anmen reviewing stand. For the first time the rocket artillery group was among the parading troops. The Sixth National Day Parade (1954): paratroops were present though no parachuting was performed. This is the last time that the cavalry troop of the PLA was reviewed on the parading ceremony. The Seventh National Day Parade (1955): this is the first parading ceremony since the system of military ranks was implemented among PLA. Dressed in new military uniforms with military ranks and collar badge on them, the officers and soldiers took on an entirely new look. The Eighth National Day Parade (1956): this is the only parade that takes place amid heavy rain. Among the guests of the ceremony were representatives of Communist Parties and Workers’ Parties from over 50 countries, who were invited to attend the 8th Party Congress. The Ninth National Day Parade (1957): the Chinese-made jet bomber and fighter received the review for the first time. The Tenth National Day Parade (1958): the most spectacular figures were the students from military academies and various military schools established by the PLA after the founding of PRC. These schools involved different military areas including infantry, artillery, armored force, engineers, air force and navy. The Eleventh National Day Parade (1959): the number of people attending the ceremony reached as high as 700,000. All of the cutting-edge equipments, including automatic rifles, cannons, tanks and high-speed jet fighters were manufactured based on China’s own efforts. The Twelfth National Day Parade (1984): this is a grand parade with the largest scale, most updated equipments and highest mechanization level since 1949. All of the weapons and equipments were made in China. The missile troop of navy, the ground-to-air missile troop of air force and the strategic missile troop made up the most spectacular vision. The strategic missile troop presented itself for the first time on the parade. The Thirteenth National Day Parade (1999): attending the parade are the land force, the navy, the air force, the armed police and the local police, which represent the overall power of the Chinese arms forces. With its magnificence and spectacularity, the parade is unprecedented in PRC’s military history concerning the scale and scene, and should mark a place in the military history of the whole world. 1984年国庆阅兵视频 第一次国防力量大检阅 1983年11月中旬，在邓小平同志的亲自部署下，中共中央书记处专门召开会议，研究布置35周年国庆的庆祝和阅兵筹备工作导弹189枚，坦克装甲车205辆，火炮126门，火箭布雷车18辆，轻武器6429支（挺），汽车2216辆，组成46个方（梯）队。其中地面方队42个。每个徒步方队为14个排面，每排25人，共计352人（包括领队两人），比10周年国庆阅兵增加4个排面、110人。除战略导弹方队为4个排面，每排3辆车，加上两辆指挥车，共14辆车外，其他车辆方队均为4个排面，每排4辆车，加上两辆指挥车，共18辆。空中梯队共有4个，最大的机群为9机编队，比10周年空中编队增加4架飞机。In mid-November 1983, Comrade Deng Xiaoping personally made the arrangements, and the CPC Central Committee Secretariat held a special meeting to study the layout of the 35th anniversary of National Day celebration. The parade included 189 missiles, tanks and 205 armored vehicles, 126 artillery pieces, 18 rocket mine vehicles, 6429 (Ting) light weapons, 2216 trucks, composing of 46 side (ladder) teams.
咚董董动
National Day parade国庆阅兵 USMC＝海军陆战队 NAVY＝海军 AF＝AIR FORCE(空军) ARMY＝陆军 导弹 missiles
洲际导弹 intercontinental missile
中程导弹 mediurn-range missile
巡航导弹 cruise missile
核弹头 nuclearwerhead
地对地导弹 surface to-surface missile
地对空导弹 surface-to-air missile
舰对空导弹 ship-to-air missile
空对空导弹 air-to-air missile
空对地导弹 air-to-surface missile
反幅射导弹 anti-radiation missile
反舰导弹 anti-ship missile
反潜导弹 anti-submarine missile
自导鱼雷 homing torpado
弹翼 missile wing
减速伞 drag parachute
制导装置 guidance device
弹体 guided missile doby
固体火箭发动机 solid propellant rocket
尾翼 tail fin
飞行弹道 trajectory
发射制导装置 launching guidance device
发射管 launching tube
反弹道导弹 anti-ballistic missile
集束炸弹 bomb-cluster
地下井 missile silo
移动式井盖 sliding silo door
火箭发射场 rocket launching site
发射塔 launching tower
勤务塔 service tower
核武器 nuclear weapons
燃料库 fuel depot; fuel reservoir
指挥室 command post
通气道 air vent; ventilation shaft
多级火箭 multistage rocket
再入大气层飞行器 re-entry vehicle
原子弹 atomic bomb
氢弹 hydrogen bomb
引爆装置 igniter
热核燃料 fusionable material
蘑菇状烟云 mushroom cloud
冲击波 shock wave; blast wave
放射性落下灰尘 radioactive fallout
核爆炸观测仪 nuclear explosion observation device
辐射仪 radiation gauge
辐射级仪 radiation level indicator
军事卫星 military satellite
侦察卫星 reconnaissance satellite
预警卫星 early warning satellite
电子侦察卫星 electronic reconnaissance satellite
导航卫星 navigation satellite
测地卫星 geodesic satellite
军用通讯卫星 military communications satellite
军用气象卫星 military meteorological satellite
卫星通信车 satellite communications vehicle
宇宙空间站 space station
警戒雷达 warning radar
引导雷达 director radar
制导雷达 guidance radar
目标指示雷达 target radar
测高雷达 height finding radar
三坐标雷达 three-dimensional radar
弹道导弹预警相控阵雷达 ballistic missile early-warning phased-array radar
导航雷达 navigation radar
机载截击雷达 airborne intercept radar
炮瞄雷达 gun-pointing radar
对空警戒雷达 aircraft-warning radar
航海雷达 marine radar
对海管戒雷达 naval warning radar
侦察雷达 reconnaissance radar
卫星通信天线 satellite communication antena
驱逐舰 destroyer
歼击机 fighter plane; fighter
空速管 airspeed head; pilot tube
陀螺 gyroscope
无线电罗盘 radio compass
平视显示机 head-up display
火箭弹射座椅 ejector seat
副翼 aileron
襟翼 flap
燃油箱 fuel tank
垂直尾翼 tail fin; vertical stabilizer
阻力伞舱 drag parachute housing
水平尾翼 horizontal stabilizer
液压油箱 hydraulic oil container
副油箱 auxiliary fuel tank
主起落架 main landing gear
机翼整体油箱 integral wing tank
机炮 machine gun; cnnon
进气道系统 air-inlet system
前起落架 front landing gear
空气数据计算机 air-data computer
迎角传感器 angle of attack sensor
进气口头锥 air-inlet nose cone
战斗机 combat aircraft
截击机 interceptor
强击机 attacker
歼击轰炸机 fighter-bomber
轻型轰炸机 light bomber
战略轰炸机 strategic bomber
电子战机 electronic fighter
高速侦察机 high-speed reconnaissance plane
空中加油机 tanker aircraft
运输机 transport plane; air-freighter
水上飞机 seaplane; hydroplane
反潜巡逻机 anti-submarine patrol aircraft
教练机 trainer aircraft; trainer
垂直起落飞机 vertical take-off and landing
无尾飞机 tailless aircraft
隐形轰炸机 stealth bomber
可变翼机 adjustable wing plane
动力滑翔机 power glider
扫雷直升机 mine-sweeping helicopter
旋翼 rotor
机身 fuselage
抗扭螺旋桨 anti-torque tail rotor
航空炸弹 aerobomb
钢珠弹 bomb with steel balls; container bomb unit
化学炸弹 chemical bomb
主战坦克 capital tank
重型坦克 heavy tank
中型坦克 medium tank
轻型坦克 light tank
水陆两用坦克 amphibious tank
喷火坦克 flame-throwing tank
架桥坦克 bridge tank
扫雷坦克 mine-sweeping tank
坦克推土机 tankdozer
侦察坦克 reconnaissance tank
无炮塔坦克 turretless tank
坦克牵引车 recovery tank
坦克修理后送车 repair-service tank
反坦克障碍物 anti-tank obstacle
桩寨 pile stockade
鹿寨 abatis
反坦克断崖 anti-tank ditch
反坦克崖壁 anti-tank precipice
反坦克三角锥 anti-tank pyramids
炮手 gunner
坦克兵 tank soldier
炮口 muzzle
炮管 barrel
清烟器 fume extractor
炮塔 turret
瞄准镜 gun sight
发动机散热窗 radiator grille
备用油箱 reserve fuel tank
主动轮 driving wheel
遮护板 shield
负重轮 loading wheel
烟幕弹发射筒 smoke bomb discharger
诱导轮 inducer
潜望镜 periscope
鱼雷 torpedoes
电动机鱼雷 electric torpedo
航空鱼雷 aerial torpedo
火箭助飞鱼雷 rocket-assisted torpedo
线导鱼雷 wire-guided torpedo
发射机 transmitter
自导控制组件 self-directing unit
装药和电子组件 charge and electron unit
待发装置 actuator
指令控制组件 command control unit
陀螺控制组件 gyro-control unit
电源控制组件 power-supply control unit
燃烧室 combustor
舵 rudder
推进器 propeller
潜艇 submarine
鱼雷舱 torpedo room
鱼雷发射管 firing tube
声纳 sonar
操纵线 control wire
水雷 submarine mine
自航式水雷 mobile mine
锚雷 mooring mine
触发锚雷 moored contact mine
触角 antenna
雷索 mine-mooring cable
沉底水雷 ground mine
漂雷 floating mine
深水炸弹 depth charge; depth bomb
航空母舰 aircraft carrier
核动力航空母舰 nuclear-powered aircraft
阻拦装置 arrester
飞行甲板 flight deck
雷达天线 radar antenna
导航室 island
舰桥 bridge
机库 hangar
升降机口 aircraft lifts; elevators
舰载机起飞弹射装置 catapults
油料舱 fuel bunker
弹药舱 ammunition store
贮存舱 storage hold
通信中心室 communication center
核反应堆 nuclear reactor
生活舱 accommodation
巡洋舰 cruiser
护卫舰 escort vessel; frigate
导弹护卫舰 missile frigate
战列舰 battleship
护卫艇 corvette
供应舰 tender ship; depot ship
舰队补给舰 fleet depot ship
海上补给船 sea depot ship
运输舰 transport ship
汽油运输船 gasoline transport ship
扫雷舰 mine sweeping vessel
扫雷艇 minesweeper
鱼雷艇 torpedo boat
导弹快艇 missile speedboat
导弹潜艇 guided-missile submarine
核动力潜艇 nuclear-powered submarine
潜艇救护舰 submarine lifeguard ship
猎潜艇 submarine chaser
登陆舰 landing ship
坞式登陆舰 dock landing ship
电子侦察船 electronic reconnaissance ship
情报收集船 information-collecting ship
测量船 survey vessel
调查船 research ship
打捞回收船 salvage vessel
核动力破冰船 nuclear-powered icebreaker
气垫巡逻船 patrol hovercraft
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