镭的英语怎么说

Radium, atomic number 88, atomic weight 2260254, is a natural radioelement, elements were derived from Latin, is intended to "ray." 1898 couples from asphalt Curie discovered radium, uranium tailings, 1902 separation of 90 mg chlorination radium, the initial determination of radium amu. Radium in the natural world are very broad, but very little content, the content of the Earth's crust to 10-9, total about 18 million tons. Quality has been found for several 206~230 all the radium isotope, which only radium 223, 224, 226, 228 are natural radioisotopes, and the rest are combined through induced nuclear reactions. Radium 226 longest half-life, the greatest natural abundance is the most important isotope radium. Radium is a silver-white metal luster, melting point of 700 meridian east C, boiling point 1140 meridian east C, the density of approximately 5 g / cm ³, Sports heart cubic lattice. Radium chemical nature lively, and barium similar. Metal radium exposed to the air to rapid response generated oxides and nitriding objects; To produce hydrogen-oxygen chemical reaction with water radium; Prepared a new white radium salt, after being placed irradiated and discoloration. Radium is the most important before the emergence of modern nuclear industry radioactive material, commonly used in medical, industrial and scientific fields; The radium salts and zinc sulfide fluorescence powder Hunyun can produce permanent luminous powder. Up to 1975, worldwide production of a total of about 4 kg of radium, 85% for medical, 10% for manufacturing luminous powder. Radium is highly toxic substances. 镭，原子序数88，原子量2260254，是一种天然放射性元素，元素名来源于拉丁文，原意是“射线”。1898年居里夫妇从沥青铀矿矿渣中发现了镭，1902年分离出90毫克氯化镭，初步测定了镭的原子量。镭在自然界分布很广，但含量极微，地壳中的含量为十亿分之一，总量约1800万吨。现已发现质量数为206～230的镭的全部同位素，其中只有镭223、224、226、228是天然放射性同位素，其余都是通过人工核反应合成的。镭226半衰期最长，天然丰度最大，是镭的最重要的同位素。 镭是银白色有光泽的金属，熔点700°C，沸点1140°C，密度约5克/厘米³，体心立方晶格。镭的化学性质活泼，与钡相似。金属镭暴露在空气中能迅速反应，生成氧化物和氮化物；能与水反应生成氢氧化镭；新制备的镭盐呈白色，放置后因受辐照而变色。 镭是现代核工业兴起前最重要的放射性物质,广泛应用于医疗、工业和科研领域；把镭盐和硫化锌荧光粉混匀,可制成永久性发光粉。到1975年为止，全世界共生产了约4千克镭，其中85%用于医疗，10%用来制造发光粉。镭是剧毒物质。

laser,音译“镭射”，正式译名“激光”，是取自英文Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation的各单词头一个字母组成的缩写词。意思是"通过受激发射光扩大"

镭，原子序数88，原子量2260254，是一种天然放射性元素，元素名来源于拉丁文，原意是“射线”。1898年居里夫妇从沥青铀矿矿渣中发现了镭，1902年分离出90毫克氯化镭，初步测定了镭的原子量。镭在自然界分布很广，但含量极微，地壳中的含量为十亿分之一，总量约1800万吨。现已发现质量数为206～230的镭的全部同位素，其中只有镭223、224、226、228是天然放射性同位素，其余都是通过人工核反应合成的。镭226半衰期最长，天然丰度最大，是镭的最重要的同位素。镭是银白色有光泽的金属，熔点700°c，沸点1140°c，密度约5克/厘米³，体心立方晶格。镭的化学性质活泼，与钡相似。金属镭暴露在空气中能迅速反应，生成氧化物和氮化物；能与水反应生成氢氧化镭；新制备的镭盐呈白色，放置后因受辐照而变色。镭是现代核工业兴起前最重要的放射性物质,广泛应用于医疗、工业和科研领域；把镭盐和硫化锌荧光粉混匀,可制成永久性发光粉。到1975年为止，全世界共生产了约4千克镭，其中85%用于医疗，10%用来制造发光粉。镭是剧毒物质。

(L. radius, ray) Radium was discovered in 1898 by Mme. Curie in the pitchblende or uraninite of North Bohemia, where it occurs. There is about 1 g of radium in 7 tons of pitchblende. The element was isolated in 1911 by Mme. Curie and Debierne by; the electrolysis of a solution of pure radium chloride, employing a mercury cathode; on distillation in an atmosphere of hydrogen this amalgam yielded the pure metal. Originally, radium was obtained from the rich pitchblende ore found in Joachimsthal, Bohemia. The carnotite sands of Colorado furnish some radium, but richer ores are found in the Republic of Zaire and the Great Lake region of Canada. Radium is present in all uranium minerals, and could be extracted, if desired, from the extensive wastes of uranium processing. Large uranium deposits are located in Ontario, New Mexico, Utah, Australia, and elsewhere. Radium is obtained commercially as the bromide and chloride; it is doubtful if any appreciable stock of the isolated element now exists. The pure metal is brilliant white when freshly prepared, but blackens on exposure to air, probably due to formation of the nitride. It exhibits luminescence, as do its slats; it decomposes in water and is somewhat more volatile than barium. It is a member of the alkaline-earth group of metals. Radium imparts a carmine red color to a flame. Radium emits alpha, beta, and gamma rays and when mixed with beryllium produce neutrons. One gram of 226Ra undergoes 3.7 x 10^10 disintegrations per s. The curie is defined as that amount of radioactivity which has the same disintegration rate as 1 g of 226Ra. Twenty five isotopes are now known; radium 226, the common isotope, has a half-life of 1600 years. One gram of radium produces about 0.0001 ml (stp) of emanation, or radon gas, per day. This is purged from the radium and sealed in minute tubes, which are used in the treatment of cancer and other diseases. Radium is used in the producing of self-luminous paints, neutron sources, and in medicine for the treatment of disease. Some of the more recently discovered radioisotopes, such as 60Co, are now being used in place of radium. Some of these sources are much more powerful, and others are safer to use. Radium loses about 1% of its activity in 25 years, being transformed into elements of lower atomic weight. Lead is a final product of disintegration. Stored radium should be ventilated to prevent build-up of radon. Inhalation, injection, or body exposure to radium can cause cancer and other body disorders. The maximum permissible burder in the total body for 226Ra is 7400 becquerel.