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高中英语词组 A.1. a big headache令人头痛的事情2. a fraction of 一部分3. a matter of concern 焦点4. a series of 一系列,一连串above all 首先,尤其是5. absent from不在,缺席6. abundant in富于7. account for 解释8. accuse sb. of sth.控告9. add to增加(add up to)10. after all 毕竟,究竟11. agree with同意12. ahead of time / schedule提前13. ahead of 在...之前(ahead of time 提前)14. alien to与...相反15. all at once 突然,同时16. all but 几乎;除了...都17. all of a sudden 突然18. all over again 再一次,重新19. all over 遍及20. all right 令人满意的;可以21. all the same 仍然,照样的22. all the time 一直,始终23. angry with sb. at/about sth.生气,愤怒24. anxious about/for忧虑,担心25. anything but 根本不26. apart from 除...外(有/无)27. appeal to 吸引,申诉,请求28. applicable to适用于29. apply to适用30. appropriate for/to适当,合适31. approximate to近似,接近32. apt at聪明,善于33. apt to易于34. around the clock夜以继日35. as a matter of fact 实际上36. as a result(of) 因此,由于37. as a rule 通常,照例38. as far as ...be concerned 就...而言39. as far as 远至,到...程度40. as follows 如下41. as for 至于,关于42. as good as 和...几乎一样43. as if 好像,防腐44. as regards 关于,至于45. as to 至于,关于46. as usual 像平常一样,照例47. as well as 除...外(也),即...又48. as well 同样,也,还49. ashamed of羞愧,害臊50. aside from 除...外(还有)51. ask for the moon异想天开52. at a loss 茫然,不知所措53. at a time 一次,每次54. at all costs 不惜一切代价55. at all events 不管怎样,无论如何56. at all times 随时,总是57. at all 丝毫(不),一点也不58. at any rate 无论如何,至少59. at best 充其量,至多60. at first sight 乍一看,初看起来61. at first 最初,起先62. at hand 在手边,在附近63. at heart 内心里,本质上64. at home 在家,在国内65. at intervals 不时,每隔...66. at large 大多数,未被捕获的67. at last 终于68. at least 至少69. at length 最终,终于70. at most 至多,不超过71. at no time 从不,决不72. at one time 曾经,一度;同时73. at present 目前,现在74. at someone's disposal 任...处理75. at the cost of 以...为代价76. at the mercy of 任凭...摆布77. at the moment 此刻,目前78. at this rate 照此速度79. at times 有时,间或80. aware of意识到--------------------------------------------------------------------------------B.81. back and forth 来回地,反复地82. back of 在...后面83. back up后备,支援84. bare of几乎没有,缺乏85. be able to do能够86. be around差不多87. be available to sb.可用,可供88. be bound to一定89. be capable of doing能够90. be concerned with 关心…,涉足…91. be dying to渴望92. be fed up with受够了be tired of93. be in hospital 住院94. be in season 上市的/in peak season旺季95. be in the mood to do sth. 想做96. be pressed for time时间不够97. be tied up with忙于98. be under the weather 身体不好99. beat around the bush 拐弯没角100. beat the crowd 避开人群101. before long 不久以后102. behind schedule 误点103. bent on sth. 下定决心做…104. beside point 离题的,不相干的105. beyond one's ability超越某人的能力106. beyond question 毫无疑问107. book on reserve 须留的图书108. booked up 订完了109. bound for开往110. break down抛锚111. break though突破112. break up with和某人分手be through with / be finished with113. bring about 使…发生114. bring someone up to date帮某人赶上help someone catch up115. by accident 偶然116. by air 通过航空途径117. by all means 尽一切办法,务必118. by and by 不久,迟早119. by chance 偶然,碰巧120. by far 最,...得多121. by hand 用手,用体力122. by itself 自动地,独自地123. by means of 用,依靠124. by mistake 错误地,无意地125. by no means 决不,并没有126. by oneself 单独地,独自地127. by reason of 由于128. by the way 顺便说说129. by virtue of 借助,由于130. by way of 经由,通过...方法--------------------------------------------------------------------------------C.131. call off取消132. call on号召,邀请,点某人的名,拜访133. capable of能够134. careful of/about/with小心,注意135. certain of /about确信,肯定136. chair a meeting 主持会议137. charge sb. with sth.控告138. clear of没有,不接触139. clever at善于140. close to接近,亲近141. come in contact with 与…取得联系142. come out of sth. alive大难不死143. come up (with)提出,拿出144. comparable to/with比作/比较145. conscious of察觉到,意识到146. consequent on随之而来147. considerate towards体谅,体贴148. contemporary with与...同时代149. content with满足于150. contrary to违反151. cost someone an arm and a leg代价很大152. count down倒计时153. count one's chickens before they are hatched过于乐观154. count on依靠155. count on依靠156. count the day期待157. count the day期待158. counter to与...相反159. crazy about热衷,着迷160. critical of挑剔,批评161. cry in one's beer借酒消愁162. cry on one's shoulder依靠163. curious about好奇,想知道164. cut down on 减少165. cut down削减166. cut in插入167. cut off切断168. cut out切除169. cut someone short打断170. cut through抄近路171. cut up切碎--------------------------------------------------------------------------------D.172. die out 灭绝173. distinct from种类(风格)不同174. do the laundry洗衣服175. doubtful of /about怀疑176. drop by / in 顺路拜访177. due to 由于,因为--------------------------------------------------------------------------------E. 178. each other 互相179. easier said than done说起来容易做起来难180. east of在...东面181. equal to相等,胜任182. equivalent to等于,相当于183. essential to/for必不可少184. even if/though 即使,虽然185. ever so 非常,极其186. every now and then 时而,偶尔187. every other 每隔一个的188. except for 除了...外189. expert at/in/on善于--------------------------------------------------------------------------------F.190. face to face 面对面地191. faculty members 教职员工192. faithful to忠实于193. fall flat 平躺在地上194. familiar to sb为...所熟悉195. familiar with sth熟悉,通晓196. far from 远非,远离197. fatal to致命的198. favorable to支持,赞成199. fearful of惧怕200. feel at home熟悉201. feel blue心情不好202. feel free to随便203. figure out sth. 解决204. fit for适于205. flat tire轮胎没气206. flat tire轮胎没气207. fond of喜欢208. for ever 永远209. for good 永久地210. for the better 好转211. for the moment 暂时,目前212. for the present 暂时,目前213. for the sake of 为了,为了...的利益214. for the time being 暂时,眼下215. foreign to非...所原有216. free of /from未受...;免费217. free with康慨,大方218. from time to time 有时,不时219. full up客满--------------------------------------------------------------------------------G.220. get a bargain 买到便宜货221. get nowhere with 毫无进展222. get over恢复223. get used to习惯于224. give off发出225. give someone a big hand为某人鼓掌226. give someone a hand帮忙227. go about sth. 开始做…228. go after追求229. go ahead同意做某事230. go by遵守231. go down下降,往下传232. go for竭尽全力做233. go into进入,开始从事234. go off出发235. go out熄灭,外出236. go over复习237. go over复习,从头到尾检查一遍238. go round/around足够分配239. go sightseeing 去观光240. go steady with和某人确定关系241. go through从头到尾242. go without单独243. guilty of有...罪的--------------------------------------------------------------------------------H.244. had better最好245. hand in hand 手拉手 ,密切关联246. hang up 挂断247. have one's hands full248. have the final say 有决定权249. head on 迎面地,正面的250. heart and soul 全心全意地251. hold out for sth. 坚持要求252. hold up坚持253. hold water站得住脚254. how about ...怎么样255. how come怎么会256. hungry for渴望--------------------------------------------------------------------------------I.257. ignorant of不知道258. impatient at sth.不耐烦259. impatient for急切,渴望260. impatient of无法容忍261. in (the)light of 鉴于,由于262. in a hurry 匆忙,急于263. in a moment 立刻,一会儿264. in a sense 从某种意义上说265. in a way 在某种程度上266. in a word 简言之,总之267. in accordance with 与...一致,按照268. in addition to 除...之外(还)269. in addition 另外,加之270. in advance 预先,事先271. in all 总共,合计272. in any case 无论如何273. in any event 无论如何274. in brief 简单地说275. in case of 假如,防备276. in charge of 负责,总管277. in common 共用的,共有的278. in consequence(of) 因此;由于279. in debt 欠债,欠情280. in detail 详细地281. in difficulty 处境困难282. in effect 实际上,事实上283. in favor of 支持,赞成284. in front of 面对,在...前285. in general 一般来说,大体上286. in half 成两半287. in hand 在进行中,待办理288. in honor of 为庆祝,为纪念289. in itself 本质上,就其本身而言290. in line with 与...一致291. in memory of 纪念292. in no case 决不293. in no time 立即,马上294. in no way 决不295. in order 按顺序,按次序296. in other words 换句话说297. in part 部分地298. in particular 特别,尤其299. in person 亲自,本人300. in place of 代替,取代,交换301. in place 在合适的位置302. in practice 在实践中,实际上303. in proportion to 与...成比例304. in public 公开地,当众305. in quantity 大量306. in question 正在谈论的307. in regard to 关于,至于308. in relation to 关于,涉及309. in return for 作为对...报答310. in return 作为报答/回报/交换311. in short 简言之,总之312. in sight 被见到;在望313. in spite of 尽管314. in step with 与...一致/协调315. in tears 流着泪,在哭着316. in terms of317. in the company / wake of随着318. in the course of 在...期间/过程中319. in the distance 在远处320. in the end 最后,终于321. in the event of 如果...发生,万一322. in the face of 即使;在...面前323. in the first place 首先324. in the future 在未来325. in the heat of the day 一天中最热的时候326. in the least 丝毫,一点327. in the long run 长期328. in the way 挡道329. in the world 究竟,到底330. in time 及时331. in touch 联系,接触332. in turn 依次,轮流;转而333. in vain 徒劳,白费力334. indifferent to无兴趣,不关心335. indignant with sb.愤慨336. inferior to级别低于,不如337. innocent of无...罪,无辜338. instead of 代替,而不是339. intent on专心于340. invisible to不可见的--------------------------------------------------------------------------------J.341. jealous of嫉妒342. just now 眼下;刚才--------------------------------------------------------------------------------K.343. keep one's eyes on关注344. keep on爱好,很喜欢345. keep track of 留心346. kind of / sort of有点somewhat--------------------------------------------------------------------------------L.347. lay off 下岗348. leave alone别说349. let the cat out of the bag泄露秘密350. liable for对...有责任351. liable to易于352. little by little 逐渐地353. look for / hunt for 找工作354. lost the point弄错355. lots of 许多356. loyal to忠于--------------------------------------------------------------------------------M.357. mad about/on狂热迷恋358. mad at/with sb.生气,愤怒359. mad with因...发狂360. make (both) ends meet收支平衡361. make a living谋生362. make it成功363. make the best / most of充分利用364. many a 许多365. mark the papers 批改考卷366. mayor / minor in367. meet one's needs满足要求368. might as well不妨369. mistake a for b 认错370. more or less 或多或少,有点371. my treat我请客--------------------------------------------------------------------------------N.372. narrow escape九死一生373. necessary to /for必要的374. next door 隔壁的,在隔壁375. next to下一个,其次376. no doubt 无疑地377. no less than 不少于...;不亚于378. no longer 不再379. no more than 至多,同...一样不380. no more 不再381. none other than 不是别的,正是382. nothing but 只有,只不过--------------------------------------------------------------------------------O.384. off and on 断断续续,间歇地385. off duty 下班386. on (the) one hand 一方面387. on a large/small scale 大/小规模地388. on account of 由于389. on behalf of 代表390. on board 在船(车/飞机)上391. on business 因公392. on condition that 如果393. on duty 上班,值班394. on earth 究竟,到底395. on fire 起火着火396. on foot 步行397. on guard 站岗,值班398. on hand 在场,在手边399. on loan to借给400. on occasion(s) 有时,间或401. on one's guard 警惕,提防402. on one's own 独立,独自403. on purpose 故意地404. on sale 出售,廉价出售405. on schedule 按时间表,准时406. on second thoughts 经重新考虑407. on the contrary 正相反408. on the grounds of 根据,以...为由409. on the other hand 另一方面410. on the point of 即将...的时刻411. on the road 在旅途中412. on the side 作为兼职/副 业413. on the spot 在场;马上414. on the whole 总的来说,大体上415. on time 准时416. on(an/the) average 平均,通常417. once (and) for all 一劳永逸地418. once again 再一次419. once in a while 偶尔420. once more 再一次421. once upon a time 从前422. one another 相互423. one's cup of tea喜欢的人/物424. open to不限制,开放的425. opposite to在对面426. or else 否则,要不然427. or so 大约,左右428. other than 非;除了429. out of breath 喘不过气来430. out of control 失去控制431. out of date 过时的432. out of doors 在户外433. out of order 出故障的434. out of place 不适当的435. out of practice 久不练习,荒疏436. out of sight 看不见,在视野外437. out of the question 毫无可能的438. out of touch 不联系,不接触439. out of 从...中;由于;缺乏440. over and over (again) 一再地,再三地--------------------------------------------------------------------------------P.441. parallel to与...平等,类似442. particular about挑剔,讲究443. patient with有耐心444. peculiar to独特的,独有的445. pick up捡446. play by ear见机行事447. popular with受...喜爱,爱戴448. prior to 在...之前449. pull one's leg拿某人开玩笑put someone on450. put someone up给某人提供住宿451. put up with忍受--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Q.452. quite a few 相当多,不少--------------------------------------------------------------------------------R.453. rain cats and dogs瓢泼大雨454. rather than 不是...(而是)455. reach agreement 达成协议456. reach an agreement达成一致457. regardless of 不顾,不惜458. relative to与...有关459. remove from 从…除去460. representative of代表...的461. resign one's post 辞职462. responsible for负责,是...原因463. result from 由于464. rich in富于465. right away 立即,马上466. ring sb. up 打电话给…467. rule out 排除…的可能性468. run out of用完469. rush hours上下班高峰--------------------------------------------------------------------------------S.470. see: see to it that - make sure that确保471. sensible of觉查到472. sensitive to对...敏感473. set another date改期 make on saturday / lock it474. set one's mind on doing 决定be determined to / have one's mind set on / bent on475. short of缺少476. show off卖弄477. sick of厌恶,厌倦478. side by side 肩并肩,一起479. similar to相似480. skilled at /in善于481. slip one's mind 忘记482. so far 迄今为止483. somewhere around 大约484. sooner or later 迟早,早晚485. sore throat / foot嗓子哑/腿酸486. stay up late 熬夜487. step by step 逐步地488. subject to受制于,易于489. such as 例如,诸如490. sufficient for足够的491. suitable for/to适合于492. superior to优于,级别高于493. sure of /about对...有信心,确信494. suspicious of怀疑--------------------------------------------------------------------------------T.495. take a leave请假496. take a seat / be seated497. take one's place 取代498. take one's time慢慢来499. take sth. seriously 认真对待500. take up占据501. thanks to 由于,多亏502. that is (to say) 就是说,即503. the reverse is also true 反之亦然504. tired of对...不在感兴趣505. to the point 切中要害,切题506. turn over 倾覆507. typical of是典型的,特有的--------------------------------------------------------------------------------U. 508. uncertain of /about不确知509. under control 处于控制之下510. under the circumstances 这种情况下511. up in the air没有确定512. up to date 在进行中513. up to 多达;直到;胜任;取决于--------------------------------------------------------------------------------V.514. vital to对...关系重大515. void of没有,缺乏--------------------------------------------------------------------------------W.516. what about 怎么样517. what if 切合目前情况的518. what's up / new?发生了什么事?519. with regard to 关于,至于520. with respect to 如果...将怎么样521. with the exception of 除...之外522. without any trace没有踪迹523. without fail 一向如此524. without question 毫无疑问525. wolf down狼吞虎咽526. word for word 逐字的

借义逐利英文

180 评论(8)

打篮球的猫咪

1. I see. 我明白了2. I quit! 我不干了!3. Let go! 放手!4. Me too. 我也是5. My god! 天哪!6. No way! 不行!7. Come on. 来吧(赶快)8. Hold on. 等一等9. I agree。 我同意10. Not bad. 还不错11. Not yet. 还没12. See you. 再见13. Shut up! 闭嘴!14. So long. 再见15. Why not? 好呀! (为什么不呢?)16. Allow me. 让我来17. Be quiet! 安静点!18. Cheer up! 振作起来!19. Good job! 做得好!20. Have fun! 玩得开心!21. How much? 多少钱?22. I'm full. 我饱了23. I'm home. 我回来了24. I'm lost. 我迷路了25. My treat. 我请客26. So do I. 我也一样27. This way。 这边请28. After you. 您先29. Bless you! 祝福你!30. Follow me. 跟我来31. Forget it! 休想! (算了!)32. Good luck! 祝好运!33. I decline! 我拒绝!34. I promise. 我保证35. Of course! 当然了!36. Slow down! 慢点!37. Take care! 保重!38. They hurt. (伤口)疼39. Try again. 再试试40. Watch out! 当心41. What's up? 有什么事吗?42. Be careful! 注意!43. Bottoms up! 干杯(见底)!44. Don't move! 不许动!45. Guess what? 猜猜看?46. I doubt it 我怀疑47. I think so. 我也这么想48. I'm single. 我是单身贵族49. Keep it up! 坚持下去!50. Let me see.让我想想51. Never mind.不要紧52. No problem! 没问题!53. That's all! 就这样!54. Time is up. 时间快到了55. What's new? 有什么新鲜事吗?56. Count me on 算上我57. Don't worry. 别担心58. Feel better? 好点了吗?59. I love you! 我爱你!60. I'm his fan。 我是他的影迷61. Is it yours? 这是你的吗?62. That's neat. 这很好63. Are you sure? 你肯定吗?64. Do l have to 非做不可吗?65. He is my age. 他和我同岁66. Here you are. 给你67. No one knows . 没有人知道68. Take it easy. 别紧张69. What a pity! 太遗憾了!70. Any thing else? 还要别的吗?71. To be careful! 一定要小心!72. Do me a favor? 帮个忙,好吗?73. Help yourself. 别客气74. I'm on a diet. 我在节食75. Keep in Touch. 保持联络76. Time is money. 时间就是金钱77. Who's calling? 是哪一位?78. You did right. 你做得对79. You set me up! 你出卖我!80. Can I help you? 我能帮你吗?81. Enjoy yourself! 祝你玩得开心!82. Excuse me,Sir. 先生,对不起83. Give me a hand! 帮帮我!84. How's it going? 怎么样?85. I have no idea. 我没有头绪86. I just made it! 我做到了!87. I'll see to it 我会留意的88. I'm in a hurry! 我在赶时间!89. It's her field. 这是她的本行90. It's up to you. 由你决定91. Just wonderful! 简直太棒了!92. What about you? 你呢?93. You owe me one.你欠我一个人情94. You're welcome. 不客气95. Any day will do. 哪一天都行96. Are you kidding? 你在开玩笑吧!97. Congratulations! 祝贺你!98. T can't help it. 我情不自禁99. I don't mean it. 我不是故意的100. I'll fix you Up. 我会帮你打点的101. It sounds great!. 听起来很不错102. It's a fine day。 今天是个好天103. So far,So good. 目前还不错104. What time is it? 几点了?105. You can make it! 你能做到!106. Control yourself! 克制一下!107. He came by train. 他乘火车来108. He is ill in bed. 他卧病在床109. He lacks courage. 他缺乏勇气110. How's everything? 一切还好吧?111. I have no choice. 我别无选择112. I like ice-cream. 我喜欢吃冰淇淋113. I love this game. 我钟爱这项运动114. I'll try my best. 我尽力而为115. I'm On your side. 我全力支持你116. Long time no see! 好久不见!117. No pain,no gain. 不劳无获118. Well,it depends 噢,这得看情况119. We're all for it. 我们全都同意120. What a good deal! 真便宜!121. What should I do? 我该怎么办?122. You asked for it! 你自讨苦吃!123. You have my word. 我保证124. Believe it or not! 信不信由你!125. Don't count on me.别指望我126. Don't fall for it! 别上当!127. Don't let me down. 别让我失望128. Easy come easy go. 来得容易,去得快129. I beg your pardon. 请你原谅130. I beg your pardon? 请您再说一遍(我没有听清)131. I'll be back soon. 我马上回来132. I'll check it out. 我去查查看133. It’s a long story. 说来话长134. It’s Sunday today. 今天是星期天135. Just wait and see! 等着瞧!136. Make up your mind. 做个决定吧137. That's all I need. 我就要这些138. The view is great. 景色多么漂亮!139. The wall has ears. 隔墙有耳140. There comes a bus. 汽车来了141. What day is today? 今天星期几?142. What do you think? 你怎么认为?143. Who told you that? 谁告诉你的?144. Who's kicking off? 现在是谁在开球?145. Yes,I suppose So. 是的,我也这么认为146. You can't miss it 你一定能找到的147. Any messages for me? 有我的留言吗?148. Don't be so modest. 别谦虚了149. Don't give me that! 少来这套!150. He is a smart boy. 他是个小机灵鬼151. He is just a child. 他只是个孩子152. I can't follow you. 我不懂你说的153. I felt sort of ill. 我感觉有点不适154. I have a good idea! 我有一个好主意155. It is growing cool. 天气渐渐凉爽起来156. It seems all right. 看来这没问题157. It's going too far. 太离谱了158. May I use your pen? 我可以用你的笔吗?159. She had a bad cold. 她患了重感冒160. That's a good idea. 这个主意真不错161. The answer is zero. 白忙了162. What does she like? 她喜欢什么?163. As soon as possible! 越快越好!164. He can hardly speak. 他几乎说不出话来165. He always talks big. 他总是吹牛166. He won an election. 他在选举中获胜167. I am a football fan. 我是个足球迷168. If only I could fly. 要是我能飞就好了169. I'll be right there. 我马上就到170. I'll see you at six. 我六点钟见你171. IS it true or false? 这是对的还是错的?172. Just read it for me. 就读给我听好了173. Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量174. Move out of my way! 让开!175. Time is running out. 没时间了176. We are good friends. 我们是好朋友177. What's your trouble? 你哪儿不舒服?178. You did fairly well! 你干得相当不错179. Clothes make the man. 人要衣装180. Did you miss the bus? 你错过公共汽车了?181. Don't lose your head。 不要惊慌失措182. He can't take a joke. 他开不得玩笑183. He owes my uncle $100.他欠我叔叔100美元184. How are things going? 事情进展得怎样?185. How are you recently? 最近怎么样?186. I know all about it. 我知道有关它的一切187. It really takes time. 这样太耽误时间了188. It's against the law. 这是违法的189. Love me,love my dog. (谚语)爱屋及乌190. My mouth is watering. 我要流口水了191. Speak louder,please. 说话请大声点儿192. This boy has no job. 这个男孩没有工作193. This house is my own. 这所房子是我自己的194. What happened to you? 你怎么了?195. You are just in time. 你来得正是时候196. You need to workout. 你需要去运动锻炼一下197. Your hand feels cold. 你的手摸起来很冷。198. Don't be so childish. 别这么孩子气199. Don't trust to chance! 不要碰运气200. Fasten your seat belt. 系好你的安全带

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菜菜爱榴莲

翻译资格考试英语高级口译指导

引导语:翻译资格考试英语高级口译指导,由应届毕业生培训网整理而成,谢谢您的阅读。

指导一

1.原文:All around was open loneliness and black solitude,over which a stiff breeze blew。(Thomas Hardy:Tess of the d'Urbervilles)

译文:周围一切,只是一片空旷的荒寒,一团漆黑的僻静,一股劲风,在上面吹动。(张谷若译)

赏析:“一片”、“一团”、“一股”,量词的准确使用增强了疑问的表现力。

2.原文:She denied it,denied everything,bone and stone.

译文:她矢口否认,死不认账。

赏析:原文中的"bone and stone"形象生动,但将其直译成“语气硬得像骨头和石头”,去不一定能为我国读者所接受,改译成“死不认账”,就自然、生动的多。翻译本 来就是一个有得有失的过程,完全传达原文的意义、精神、意韵、形象实不可能,好的译者总是善于抓住原文的精髓,在译文中尽力将其传达出来,而将原文那些相 对而言不甚重要的且又无法传达的割舍开去,借用依据哲学的术语,就是“抓住要矛盾或矛盾的主要方面”,至于哪些是“主要矛盾或矛盾的主要方面”,哪些是 “次要矛盾或矛盾的次要方面”,取决于翻译的目的、翻译语境以及译者的理解能力。

3.原文:The reverberation of fighting between the forces of India and Pakistan are reaching us in increasing volume.

译文:印度和巴基斯坦两国部队的杀伐声一阵紧似一阵传到我们这里来。(黄邦杰:《译艺谭》)

赏析:黄邦杰先生说:“对一个译者来说,译一个词,不仅要正确的把词义译出,而且要把这词所具有的特色、词义的细微差别以及作者褒贬的态度和正反的说法, 不温不火、不多不少地加以体现。”"The reverberation of fighting"译为“杀伐声”,"in increasing volume"译为“一阵紧似一阵”,绘声绘色,活灵活现,让人不能不佩服。

4.原文:The ignorant old woman who ruled for the entire last half of the nineteenth century did more than any other single person to hold back China's progress.(Lin Yutang:Moment in Peking)

译文:那个愚蠢无知的老太婆统治了十九世纪后五十年,使中国不能进步,她可算功劳第一。(张振玉译)

赏析:“她可算是功劳第一”,反语的使用,辛辣无比。

本期练习:翻译下列句子

His discourse,says Speidel,"become lost in fantastic digressions."

答案:

译文:斯派达尔后来说,他的的谈话“越说越远,越说越离奇,最后不知说到哪里去了。”

赏析:只有五个词的"became lost in fantastic digressions",被译成了由十九个汉字组成的、由三个逗号隔开的、意思上层层递进的独立成份,译者的引申不可谓不远,但引申始终是围绕作者的原 意这个轴心来进行的。翻译技巧上所说的“添词不添意”指的就是这种处理

指导二

1.原文:...but he had still at intervals a kind listener in Mrs.Philips,and was ,by her watchfulness,most abundantly supplied with coffee and muffin.(Jane Austen:Pride and Prejudice)

译文:不过,菲利普斯太太间或还好心好意地听他说说话,而且亏她留心关照,总是源源不断地给他倒咖啡,添松饼。(孙致礼译)

赏析:对比原文与译文会发现:原文主语是"he",译文中主语改成了“菲利普斯太太”,原文中作宾语的'名词"listener",译成汉语后成了动宾词组 “听他说说话”,在译句作谓语,当然,"kind"也就译成了副词“好心好意地”,修饰谓语动词。后面的介词宾语"watchfulness",在译句中 也化成了动词,作谓语。原文中只用了一个"supplied",译成汉语成了“倒”和“添”两个动词,后面各自带自己的宾语。这些翻译技巧的使用都是为了表达上的需要,形势虽然变了,内容却不变,而且译文同原文一样文从字顺。

2.原文:He would carry a fowling piece on his shoulder,for hours together,trudging through woods and swamps,and up hill and down dale,to shoot a few squirrels or wild pigeons.(Washington Irving:"Rip Van Winkle")

译文:有时他还会为了打几只松鼠或野鸽子,掮着一支枪,穿林越泽,上山入谷,一连跋涉好几个钟头。(万紫、雨宁译)

赏析:目的放前,行为放后,这是汉语的一种行文习惯。"carry"译成“掮着”,而不是“扛着”,味道更足。“穿林越泽,上山入谷”译得更简洁明了,且 暗含一点幽默的意味。用“跋涉”一词来形容Rip Van Winkle为了打猎不辞辛苦地到处跑,颇能传神,也是为了传达那么一点点的幽默。

3.原文:Let us go into this deserted woodman's hut,and see how he has passed the long winter nights and the short and stormy days.(Henry David Thoreau:"A Winter Walk")

译文:那边有一座樵夫的小屋,樵夫本人不在,但我们也不妨进去看看。冬夜漫长,冬日苦短而多风雪,这种生活真是够那樵夫忍受的。(夏济安译)

赏析:原文只一句话,用"and"将两个动词谓语连在一起,译成汉语,成了六个小句。译文以“那边”开头,是为了承接上文;"deserted"只是一个 词,在译文中化成了一个句子(“樵夫本人不在”);“我们也不妨进去看看”,译得委婉,同时与“樵夫本人不在”形成照应。译文的后半部相对于原文结构上调 整较大,两个名次词组("the long winter nights","the short stormy days")都被译成了小句,并列在一起,烘托出樵夫生活的艰辛。整个译文虽在结构上与原文有很大不同,但意思准确,表达自然、流畅。

4.原文:He was not mean in friendship nor in ambition.

译文:他讲友谊,有抱负。

赏析:莎士比亚有言:"Brevity is the soul of wit",写文章也好,搞翻译也好,简洁都是可贵的品质。这里的译者将原文的否定正译,用了两个结构相同的动宾词组,形成并列,干净、利索。

本期练习:翻译下列句子

He sank down with his face in his hands.

答案:

He sank down with his face in his hands.

译文:他两手蒙着脸,一屁股坐了下去。

赏析:增词法是英译汉常用的技巧之一。所谓增词法,“就是在翻译是按意义上(或修辞上)和句法上的需要增加一些词来表达更忠实通顺地表达原文的思想内容” (《英汉翻译教程》)。此处英文句子,本来用“他两手蒙着脸,坐了下去”,就已经可以传达基本意思了,增加了“一屁股”三个字,使译文更加生动形象。

指导三

1.原文:On this board,thirsty strangers deposited their cups as they stood in the road and drank,and threw the dregs on the dusty ground to the pattern of Polynesia,and wished they could have a restful seat inside.(Thomas Hardy:Tess of the d'Urbervilles)

译文:患酒喝的客人,都站在路上买醉,往这块隔板上放空酒杯;他们把酒渣儿洒在满是尘土的地上,做成玻里尼西亚群岛的花样。他们很想能在屋子里面,有一个安身落座的地方。(张谷若译)

赏析:"thirsty"是“口渴的”的意思,用在原文中当然不是指“客人”渴了想喝水,译成“患酒喝得”恐怕是最好的选择。“站在路上买醉”,似乎不是 很忠实于原文,但转念一想,既然爱酒都爱到"thirsty"的地步,那么终于寻找到了一个喝酒的机会,不喝个半醉不醉,反而不可想象了,所以“买酒”即 “买醉”。

2.原文:No greater misfortune can befall a country than to be governed by an old tyrant.

译文:国之横祸,莫过于暴君当政。

赏析:现代汉语是在古汉语的基础上发展起来的,相当于现代汉语来说,古汉语有它自己的优势,如词汇丰富、语法有弹性、表情表意能力强等等,在写作和翻译时,适当的运用一些古汉语的语素或词,能给文章带来一种书卷气,显得庄重典雅。上面这个译例就体现了这种特色,译者灵活套用了古汉语的句子结构,使用了古汉语的个别语素(词语),译出的句子简洁、庄重,读者好似看见了一个学识渊博的老学究在摇头晃脑地评说历史。

3.原文:Hearing Debs was an experience.

译文:听德布斯演讲可真带劲。

赏析:如果说上一译句让我们看见了一个学识渊博的老学究在摇头晃脑地评说历史的话,读了这一句译文,我们看到的是另一种场面:一个求知若渴、激情满怀的青 年学子在听了一场演讲后,眉飞色舞地对没有去听演讲的同伴大谈特谈演讲人演讲艺术之高超。译者使用了口语体“可真带劲”来译"was an experience",准确、生动。

4.原文:Charity begins at home,they say.(Thomas Hardy:Tess of the d'Urbervilles)

译文:人家不是说,行善得由己及人吗?(张谷若译)

赏析:“行善得由己及人”,在形式上颇像哲言警句,在意义上非常忠实于原文。

翻译下列句子

He was a fool for danger.

答案:

原文:He was a fool for danger.

译文:他是个天不怕、地不怕的人。

赏析:英译汉时,常常会遇到一些词或词组,在词典上找不到恰当的译词(组),如逐字死译,只会使译文生硬晦涩,这是就需要对词或词组的意义进行某种处 理。"a fool for danger"译为“天不怕地不怕的人”,是做了释义的处理,译者巧妙地借用了汉语里的俗语“天不怕地不怕”,形象地传达了译句的“意”和“情”。

指导四

1.原文:The night was as dark by this time as it would be until morning;and what light we had, seemed to come more from the river than the sky,as the oars in their dipping struck at a few reflected stars.(Charles Dickens:Great Expectations)

译文:这时夜色已经黑透,看来就要这样一直黑到天明;我们仅有的一点光亮,似乎不是来自天空,而是来自河上,一桨又一桨的,搅动着那寥寥几颗倒映在水里的寒星。(王科一译)

赏析:天色已经黑透,月亮尚未升起,只有几点孤星在天空闪耀,倒映在水里,水手轻轻地、一桨一桨地划,船浆划破了水面的平静,也搅碎了孤星倒映在水里的一点点清冷的光。没有用什么特别的形容词,也不需要什么特别的翻译技 巧,大体顺着原文往下译,只是在必要的时候做一点变换,化原文的“形合”(如"as"等的使用)为译文的“意合”,便将原文的意境全部呈现了出来,译文之 美丝毫不亚于原文,这实在是一种真功夫。虽然译文的美,来自于所有词语共同构建起来的意境,但单个译语的选择之独到,不能不让我们击节称赞,如“一桨又一 桨的”,“搅动着那寥寥几颗倒映在水里的寒星”,都是诗一样的语言。

2.原文:All things beside seem to be called in for shelter,and what stays out must be part of the original frame of the universe,and of such valor as God himself. (Henry David Thoreau:"A Winter Walk")

译文:别的东西都寻求隐蔽保护去了,凡是能卓然独立于寒风之中者,一定是天地灵气之所钟,是自然界骨气的表现,他们具有和天神一般的勇敢。(夏济安译)

赏析:一般性翻译,只要译文准确、通顺,大抵就说得过去了,而文学作品的翻译要求却高得多,译文除了准确、通顺以外,还必须传达出原文语言上的文学 “味”。请看这里的译句,“卓然独立于寒风之中”、“天地灵气之所钟”,都是文学的语言。郭沫若说,对于一个翻译文学作品的人来说,“一杯伏特卡酒不能换 作一杯白开水,总要还它一杯汾酒或茅台,才算尽了责”。

3.原文:But this naval competition strained the Liberal Government's principles as well as their budgets.

译文:但是这种海军竞赛使自由党政府的原则无法自圆其说,也使其预算捉襟见肘。

赏析:英文中有些词词义搭配能力很强,像这里的"strained",一个词便带了两个宾语,一个抽象,一个具体,完全按照英文句子结构来译,译文势必显 得笨重,将"strained the Liberal Government's principles as well as their budgets"拆成两部分翻译,并使用汉语成语“自圆其说”和“捉襟见肘”,就干净利落多了。翻译技巧是为翻译效果服务的,对于容易翻译的句子,翻译技 巧可能显得多余,译者也不会有意识地使用翻译技巧,而对于译起来较难的句子,有意识的运用翻译技巧,恐怕就很有必要了。

4.原文:His mother had whipped him for drinking some cream which he had never tasted and knew nothing about;it was plain that she was tired of him and wished him to go;if she felt that way,there was nothing for him to do but to succumb.(Mark Twain:The Adventures of Tom Sawyer)

译文:他的妈妈怪他吃了奶油,还揍了他一顿,其实他根本没有吃,对奶油的事儿一无所知;她分明是在讨厌他,希望他走得远远的。既然她有那个念头,他也没办法,只有认了。(严维明译)

赏析:汉语行文,多将原因放前,结尾放后,故在译文中,“怪他吃了奶油”调到了“还揍他一顿”之前,除此之外,译文基本是顺着原文结构译下来的。为了再现 原文的风格,译文选词用语注重通俗、口语化,如用“妈妈”而不用“母亲”,用“怪他吃了奶油”,不说“责备他吃了奶油”。译文后半部也极平易浅近,自然流 畅。

本期练习:翻译下列句子

If you think me in a way to be happier than I deserve,I am quite of your opinion.

答案:

If you think me in a way to be happier than I deserve,I am quite of your opinion.

译文:如果你认为我的幸福来之太易,得之有愧,那我完全同意你的看法。(张经浩)

赏析:“如果你认为我的幸福来之太易,得之有愧”,是地道的汉语,是在吃透原文意义、精神基础上的再创造,明显比译者自己的初译“如果你认为我已得到的幸福比我应该得到的更多”要好

指导五

1.原文:Thus the initiative to partition Poland completely,to deny the Polish people any independent existence of their own whatsoever,came from the Russians.But the Germans did not need much urging to agree.

译文:由此可见,首先提出完全瓜分波澜,不许波兰人成为一个独立民族存在的,是俄国人。德国人当然求之不得。

赏析:"Thus"译为“由此可见”,表现了译者在译词时的灵活性;"partition"在英文中本为中性词,译者根据句子内容的语义,译为“瓜分”, 表达出了作者的倾向性;"did not need much urging to agree"字面意思是“不需要催促就同意了”,译者引申为“当然求之不得”,符合作者写作时的感情倾向,即对强国欺辱弱小国家的愤怒。好的译文总是能译 出原文背后的“情”。

2.原文:Chilly gusts of wind with a taste of rain in them had well nigh dispeopled the streets.

译文:阵阵寒风,带着雨意,街上冷冷清清,几乎没有什么人了。

赏析:英文是形合的文字,英语句 子讲究结构严谨;汉语重意合,遣词造句推崇形散而神不散。请看这里的英文句子,主、谓、宾一目了然,原因和结果清清楚楚,如果按这样的顺序、结构直译成汉 语,势必凝滞不化。为了使译句能够体现汉语句式的特点,译者大胆地进行了结构调整,将原文一句切分成四个短语(小句),充分利用句子内部语义上的联系,不 用任何关联词,由风到雨,到街再到人,用白描的手法将一幅寒夜凄雨图呈现在读者面前。

本期练习:翻译下列句子

Every family is said to have at least one skeleton in the cupboard.

答案:

原文:Every family is said to have at least one skeleton in the cupboard.

译文:俗话说,衣柜里面藏骷髅,见不得人的事儿家家有。(徐式谷译)

赏析:在英语中,"the skeleton in the cupboard"是个几乎人人皆知的成语,但如果将其直译成汉语“衣柜里的骷髅”,恐怕就没有多少人能猜出它的意思。如何在翻译中既保存原短语形象,又 能让不熟悉英语文化的读者了解原短语的意思,这实在是个困难。徐式谷先生的这个译例可以给我们很多的启发:译文前一部分致力于保存原文的形象,后一部分解 释原文的意思,且“髅”和“有”押韵,读起来舒服、自在,很像句格言

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月语星纱

问题呢嫩嗯嗯?

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么么哒狂人

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