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雨田里得麦圈

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建议你去书店看一下,书店会有很多类似的语法书。

英语名词大纲

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美美吻臭臭

1.prefer+名词——Would you likemeat or fish?——I'd prefer meat,please.2.prefer+动名词Do you prefercooling for yourself or eating in a restaurant?自己做饭还是喜欢下馆子?—Do you likeswimming?你喜欢游泳吗?—Yes, but I prefersailing.喜欢,但我更喜欢驾驶帆船。3.prefer+不定式(更喜欢做某事)Do you prefer tocook for yourself, or to eat in a restaurant?I prefer to spendthe weekend at home.我喜欢在家里度周末。I would prefer tostay at home tonight.She prefers to bealone.4.Prefer sb. to dosth.(宁愿某人做…………)Their fatherprefers them to be home early.他们的父亲宁愿他们早点回家。I thought youwould prefer me not to knock.5.prefer A to B(相对B而言更喜欢A)在本句型中,A与B是平行结构,可以是名词,也可以都是动名词。例如:I prefer dogs tocats.在狗与猫之间我更喜欢狗。Most people prefertrains to buses.大多数人愿意坐火车而不愿坐汽车。I prefer writing aterm paper to taking an examination.我宁愿写一篇学期论文也不愿参加考试。I prefer stayingat home to going out.我觉得在家里比出去好。Thousands ofchildren nowadays prefer doing their homework to a background of pop-music todoing it in a quiet room.成千上万的孩子如今一边听流行音乐一边做作业,也不愿在安安静静的房间里做。She has alwayspreferred marking her own clothes rather than buying them in the shops.她向来喜欢自己做衣服,而不到商店里去买衣服。6.Prefer+不定式+rather than+(省略to)不定式(宁愿………….而不愿…………)1)本句型中,第一个不定式前面要加to,第二个不定式前面以不加to居多。例如: He prefers to dierather than become traitor.他宁死也不做叛徒。Rather than become traitor , he prefers todie .Older people oftenfear change. They know what they can do best. They prefer to repeat theirsuccesses rather than risk failure.年纪大的人常常怕变化。他们知道什么最拿手,宁愿把自己成功的经验再如法炮制也不愿冒失败的危险。She preferred tosew rather than to knit.她喜欢缝纫而不喜欢编织。2)rather than也可以置于句首:Rather than buy acar of his own, he prefers to rent one.3)than后也可用动名词:I prefer to stayat home rather than go/going to see a film.我觉得与其去看电影倒不如待在家里。I would prefer tospend the weekend at home rather than drive/driving all the way to yourmother's.我觉得与其开车跑那么远的路到你母亲那里度周末,倒不如在家里过更好些。4)prefer…ratherthan中的rather也可以移到第一个不定式之前(preferrather…than),这种用法多见于书面语。例如:He preferred rather to take the whole blamehimself than to allow it to fall on the innocent. 他宁可自己承担全部责任而不愿让无辜的人受到连累。5)prefer to do Arather than do B意义相同,试比较:Joe prefers skating to skiing.Joe prefer toskate rather than ski.Bill preferredplaying soccer to swimming.Bill preferred toplay soccer rather than swim.He preferredrating a car to having one of his own.He prefers to renta car rather than to have one of his own.他宁愿租车也不愿买车。6)用prefer…rather than代替prefer…to连接名词的形式偶尔也可见到。如:Mr.Brunner prefers chemistry rather than physics.有人认为两者的区别是:prefer…to表示一般的倾向,prefer…ratherthan则表示在某种具体场合的选择。如:Whatshall we have to drink,port or sherry?我们喝什么呢,葡萄酒还是雪利酒?I should preferport rather than sherry.我宁愿喝葡萄酒而不喝雪利酒。7)prefer+that从句Would you preferthat I come on Monday instead of on Tuesday?你宁愿让我星期一来而不是星期二来吗?Iprefer that someone else should do this.我觉得还是让别人来做这件事比较好。prefer 作及物动词使用,通常意思是“更喜欢,宁愿”。1. prefer + 名词/动名词/不定式例:I prefer some apples. / I preferhaving(to have) some apples. 我更喜欢吃苹果。 2. prefer somebody to do something 宁愿某人做某事例:My daddy prefers me not to swimin that river because it's too dangerous. 我爸爸宁愿我不要去那条河里游泳因为那太危险了。 3. prefer A to B 在 A 和 B 中更喜欢 A例:I prefer green tea to coffee. 绿茶和咖啡比较起来我更喜欢绿茶。 I prefercooking myself to eating out. 我宁愿自己做饭也不愿出去吃。 注意:注意这个用法中肯定的是前者,A和B必须在形式上保持一致,即要么都是名词,要么都是动名词。没有使用不定式的用法。 4. prefer to do something rather than ... 这个用法类似于用法3,不过rather than后面可以是不定式、名词、动名词或动词原形。例:I prefer to stay at home ratherthan go out in the heavy rain. 我宁愿呆在家里也不想冒这么大的雨出去。 注意:这里 rather than 后面可以用 goingout或to go out 都可以。而且rather than 也可以放在句子开头:Rather than go out in the heavyrain, I prefer to stay at home.5. 宾语从句prefer that 宾语从句中常用虚拟语气。例:I prefer that we should gathermore information on that issue. 我觉得关于那个事情我们最好收集更多信息。 6. prefer 用法的常用成语及习惯用语 prefer to die rather than surrender 宁死不屈 rather than 用法小结rather than 是一个并列连词,用法比较复杂,现归纳如下:1. rather than 与would 连用时,构成“would rather...than...”句式,意思是“宁愿……而不愿……”,表示主观愿望,即在两者之中选择其一。例如:She'd rather die than lose the children. 她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。2. rather than 不与would连用时,表示客观事实,意为“是……而不是……;与其……不如……”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。现分述如下:(1) 连接两个名词或代词He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员,不如说他是一个探险者。You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。注意:rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。(2) 连接两个形容词The sweater she bought was beautiful rather thancheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。(3) 连接两个介词(短语)或动名词 We will have the meeting in the classroom ratherthan in the great hall. 我们是在教室里开会,不是在大厅里。She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜欢唱歌,而不喜欢跳舞。(4) 连接两个分句We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。(5) 连接两个不定式I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。注意:rather than 后接不定式时,不定式可以带to,也可以不带to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首时,则只能接不带to 的不定式。如:Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 他唯恐蔬菜烂掉,把它们以半价卖掉了。(6) 连接两个动词He ran rather than walked. 他是跑来的,而不是走来的。注意:这里rather than 后用了walked,而没有用walk,表示客观事实,而不是主观愿望。如果换成walk,则作“宁愿……而不愿 ……”解。would rather的用法一、would rather意思是“宁愿、宁可、更、最好、还是为好”,后接动词原形,常省略为’d rather,表示优先选择的一种方式其否定形式是would rather not do sth。would rather没有人称和数的变化,所有的人称一律用would rather。“would rather+动词原形”是英语中常见的一个惯用句式,美国英语中多用had rather。would (had)在此决无“过去”之意,它是一个情态助动词,且无词性、时态变化。例 Mr Li would rather not listen to rock music. 李先生不愿意听摇滚音乐。If you’d rather be alone, we’ll all leave here. 如果你宁愿独自呆着,那我们都离开这儿。He’d rather work in the countryside. 她宁可到农村去工作。You would rather stay at home and do some readingthis evening. 今晚你最好呆在家中读点书。二、如果在两者中进行取舍,表示“宁愿……而不愿……,与其……宁可……”的意思时,则可用would rather…than…或would…rather than…的句型例 I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. 我宁可在家看电视而不愿去看电影。The children would walk there rather than take abus. 孩子们宁愿步行去那里而不愿乘公共汽车。请注意 1) would rather…than…/would…rather than…也可以颠倒为:rather than…would…。Would(rather)和than后都接不带to的动词不定式,若选用的动词相同,那么than 后的动词可以省略。例 I would rather have noodles than rice. 我宁愿吃面条也不吃米饭。He would rather drink wine than beer.他喜欢喝红葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。Rather than work in such bad condition, he wouldgive up. 与其在这样差的条件下工作,他宁愿放弃。2)使用would rather…than…句型时要注意“平行结构”,即在than 的前后要用两个同类的词或词组,如两个名词、两个不定式、两个介词短语等。例 I would rather go to work by bike than by bus. 我宁愿骑自行车也不愿乘公共汽车去上班。I would rather talk with his mother than with hisfather. 我宁愿和他妈说话而不愿和他爸说话。三、在疑问句式中,would rather 与would rather…than…中的would要放在主语之前例 Would you rather stay here or go home? 你愿意呆在这里,还是回家?Which would you rather have, apples or bananas? 你喜欢吃苹果还是香蕉?Would you rather read a novel than read a poem?你宁愿看小说而不愿朗读诗歌吗?四、would rather+从句,是一个常用的虚拟语气句型 Would rather+从句,谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。其意为“宁愿……,还是…… 好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。引导从句的that常省略。在谈到过去的动作时,谓语则用过去完成时。例 John wants to see me today. I would rather he cameto tomorrow than today. 约翰今天想去看我。我宁愿他明天来看我而不是今天。(句中came不是表示过去而是表示将来)We’d rather he paid us the money tomorrow. 我们宁愿他明天付给我们那笔钱。Don’t come tomorrow. I’d rather you came nextweekend. 明天别来。我希望你下周末来。请注意 1)如果谈到过去的动作,也就是表示过去已经发生的事情在选择上不恰当。此时,主句一般为I had rather ,其(that)从句则用过去完成时。例 Would rather you had not done that. 我真希望你没有做那件事。2)如果只涉及主语本人而不涉及另一个人,则would rather之后不接that从句而接have done结构。例 I would rather have gone to the theatre thanstayed home night. 我真希望昨天晚上去看了戏而不是呆在家里。 He would rather be poor thanhave got money by dishonest methods.他宁可穷也不愿意用不诚实的手段获取金钱。Henry would rather that his girlfriend worked inthe same department as he does.亨利希望他的女朋友和他在一个部门工作。五、would rather/sooner和prefer/would prefer的区别 would rather和would sooner之间一般没有区别,但经常接触到的是would rather。例Tom would rather/sooner read than talk.汤姆宁可读书而不愿谈天。 Tom prefers reading to talking.汤姆喜欢读书而不喜欢谈天。请注意 1)would rather后跟不带to的不定式+than+不带 to的不定式,而prefer后跟动名词+to+动名词。有时prefer后面也可跟名词,而在would rather之后要求只带动词原形。例 He prefers wine to beer.= He would rather drink wine than beer.他喜欢喝红葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。I prefer tennis to golf.= I’d rather play tennis than golf.我喜欢打网球而不喜欢打高尔夫球。 2)某些 prefer+名词的情况不能用 would rather完全确切地表达出来:He prefers dogs to cats.(他喜欢狗而不喜欢猫。)和 He would rather have dogsthan cats.(他宁可养狗而不愿养猫。)很明显,这两句的意思并不完全相同。3) would rather+不带to的不定式有时可代替 would prefer+带 to的不定式。例 I’d rather fly than go by sea.=I’d prefer to fly.我宁愿乘飞机也不愿乘船。这两个结构后面带名词时情况也一样:例 —Would you like some gin?—I’d prefer a coffee.=I’d rather have coffee thangin.—您想喝点杜松子酒吗?—我想喝点咖啡。/我想喝点咖啡,不想喝杜松子酒。4)would rather/sooner和would prefer后面都可跟完成式,但后者带to。例 We went by sea but I’d rather have gone by air=I’dprefer to have gone by air.我们是乘船去的,可我本想乘飞机去。(我愿意乘飞机去,可我的愿望未能实现。)这和would like+不定式的完成式有点相似,would like+带to 的不定式的完成式也表示未能实现的愿望。

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lin2000west

e sea must always bring her children, the s

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沐小宁橙紫儿

呵呵 希望对你有所帮助 祝楼主进步哈1. 形容词的用法: 形容词用以修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征。在句中可以作定语、表语,用于限定被修饰语的特征,如长短、大小、重量、颜色、高矮、胖瘦、新旧等,。 The little girl is very pretty. 这个小女孩很好看。 --I want that one. 我想要那个。 --Which one? 哪一个? --The new blue one. 那个蓝色新的。 Can I have a look at the big nice one? 我能看一看那个大的漂亮的吗? 2、人称代词: 是用来表示人的代词,有单数和负数之分,有主格和宾格之分。人称代词的主格在句中作主语;人称代词的宾格在句中作宾语,是作动词或介词的宾语。 主格:I, we, you, he, she, it, they在句子中作主语 宾格:me, us, you, him, her, it, them在句子中作宾语 He and I are in the same class. 我和他在同一个班级。 Can you see them in the street? 你能看见他们在街上吗? 3、可数名词和不可数名词 英语中名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。凡是可数计数的名词叫做可数名词;凡是不可以计数的名词叫做不可数名词。 (1)可数名词分为单数和复数两种形式。可数名词前可以用不定冠词、数词或some many等修饰。如:a man a desk an apple an orange some books some children tow pens (2)不可数名词没有复数形式,前面不能用不定冠词、数词或many等词语修饰,但可以用some a little much等词语来修饰。有时可以与一些量词短语搭配,这些量词短语中的名词一般是可数的,有单数形式,也可以有复数形式。如:some water a little milk much food a piece of bread tow bottles of ink some glasses of water 4、祈使句 祈使句用来表示请求、命令等,句中没有主语,肯定形式由谓语或者谓语+宾语(+宾语补足语)构成,否定形式则在句前加Don’t. Stand up, please. 请起立。 Don’t worry. 别担心。 can的用法: can是情态动词,表示“能,会,可以,被允许等”,其后接动词原形,否定形式为cannot,可缩写为can’t. She can speak Japanese. 她会讲日语。 I can’t remember his name. 我不记得他的名字了。 Can you spell your name? 你会拼写你的名字吗? 5、现在进行时态: 概念:表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作,也可以表示目前一段时间内或现阶段正在进行的活动。 结构:由be动词(am, is, are) + 动词ing构成,其中be动词要与主语保持性数一致。 Mary is flying a kite in the park. 玛丽正在公园里放风筝。 --What are you doing now? 你现在在干什么? --I’m reading English. 我正在读英语。 Are they drawing the pictures now? 他们正在画画吗?动词现在分词是动词原形变化而来的,规则变化如下: 动词ing形式叫动词现在分词,其构成如下: 1) 直接在动词后加ing play—playing, do—doing, talk—talking, sing--singing 2) 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,先去e,再加ing make—making, write—writing, have—having, take—taking 3) 以重读闭音节结尾的动词且词尾只有一个辅音字母,应双写这个辅音字母,再加ing run—running, stop—stopping, put—putting, swim—swimming 注意对现在进行时态的判断。判断一个英语句子用什么时态,主要看句子的时间状语,一般说来,每种时态都有与之相对应的时间状语。现在进行时表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。因此,这个时态最常用的时间状语是now;但有不少句子并没有now,只能通过提示语如look、listen等或者通过上下文来确定用现在进行时。 She is cleaning her room now. 她正在打扫房间。 Look! The girl is dancing over there. 看!那个女孩在那里跳舞。 --Can you go and play games with me? 你能和我们一起做游戏吗? --Can’t you see I am doing my homework? 你没看见我正在做作业吗? 6、have/ has的用法: 1) 谓语动词have表示“有”,有两种形式:have和has,前者用于第一人称(I, we),第二人称(you)和第三人称复数(they),后者用于第三人称单数(he, she, it)或单数名词。 I have an apple and he has two bananas. 我有一个苹果,他有两个香蕉。 You have a new English teacher. 你们有了一个新的英语老师。 It has two big eyes. 它有一双大眼睛。 Julie and Jack have a nice car. 朱莉和杰克有一辆好看的车。 2) have/has句型与there be句型的比较:两者都表示“有”,但用法不同。前者表示所属关系,即表示“某人或某物有什么”,而后者表示存在,表示“某地有什么”。 They have some new books. 他们有一些新书。 There are some new books on their desks. 他们桌子上有一些新书。 She has a lot of pretty skirts. 她有很多漂亮的裙子。 There are a lot of pretty skirts in the shop. 商店里有很多漂亮的裙子。 3) have/ has的否定句,一般要加助动词do/ does,再加not构成,即do not have (don’t have)/ does not have (doesn’t have) . She does not have a sister. 她没有姐姐。 We don’t have any classes on Saturday. 我们星期六没有课。 Ann and I don’t have a big room. 我和安没有一个大房间。 4) 一般疑问句由“助动词Do/ Does + 主语 + have + 宾语”构成,回答用Yes, … do/ does.或者No, … don’t/ doesn’t. --Do you have a big house? 他们的房子大吗? --No, they don’t. 不,他们的房子不大。 --Does he have an eraser? 他有橡皮吗? --Yes, he does. 他有的。 5) 特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词 + 助动词do/ does + have (+状语)构成。 What do they have? 他们有什么? What does he have? 他有什么? How many telephones do they have? 他们有几部电话?7、介词用法: 1) 具体时间前介词用at。 . He gets up at half past seven every day. 他每天七点半起床。 She goes to bed at eleven o’clock. 她十一点睡觉。 2) 表示“在早上,在下午,在晚上”的短语中用介词in,且定冠词the不能省略;表示“在中午,在夜里”的短语中介词用at,不加冠词。 in the morning在早上,in the afternoon 在下午,in the evening 在晚上 at noon在中午,at night在夜里 3) 表示“在某天”、“在某天的上午、下午等”的短语用介词on。 What do you usually do on Monday morning? 星期一上午你通常做什么? Do you sometimes go out to eat on Friday evening? 有时你星期五晚上出去吃饭吗? He watches DVDs on Saturday night. 星期六晚上他看DVD。 Parents take children to parks on June 1. 六月一日,家长们带着孩子去公园。 4) 在this, last, next, every等词前面既不加介词,也不用冠词。 What are you doing this afternoon? 今天下午你做什么? He visits his grandma every Friday. 他每个星期五都去看望祖母。 She is going to Shanghai next Monday. 她下个星期一去上海。 8、一般现在时 一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作,或表示现在的特征或状态。 其动词形式是:动词原形(只有第三人称单数作主语时除外,要加-s)其疑问句和否定句需要用助动词do或does 1) 肯定句用行为动词原形表示 They get up very early every morning. 他们每天早晨起来很早。 I visit my grandparents four times a month. 我一个月去看望祖父母四次。 2) 否定句用don’t + 动词原形来表示 We do not go shopping on Sundays. 我们周日不去购物。 I don’t think you like this colour. 我想你不喜欢这个颜色。 3) 一般疑问句则是把助动词do提前至句首,后面动词用原形。回答时,肯定用 “Yes, 主语+do”;否定句用 “No, 主语+don’t”。 –Do they go to school at seven o’clock? 他们七点去上学吗? --Yes, they do. --Do you like this skirt? 你喜欢这条裙子吗? --No, I don’t. 不,我不喜欢。一般现在时用来表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常与以下的时间状语连用:often 经常,always 总是,sometimes 有时,usually 通常,every day/ week 每天/ 周等。 He usually goes to school by bike. 通常他骑车上学。 I visit my grandparents every week. 我每个星期都去看祖父母。 She is always late for class. 她总是上课迟到。 My parents and I sometimes go out to eat. 我和父母有时出去吃饭。 It often rains here. 这儿常常下雨。 主语为第三人称单数时的一般现在时 一般现在时态,当主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词也要是第三人称单数,后要加-s或-es。 He likes reading at night. 他喜欢夜里读书。 She usually goes to school by bike. 她平时骑车上学。 The little cat drinks milk every day. 小猫每天都喝牛奶。 转换成否定句要加doesn’t,其后的动词用原形。 Kelly doesn’t get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. 凯丽星期六星期天起床不早。 He doesn’t feel well today. 他今天感觉不舒服。 转换成一般疑问句,句首用Does,其后的动词用原形。 Does he have lunch at school? 他在学校吃午饭吗? Does it take long by train? 乘火车要很长时间吗?

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