孩子的笑
高考英语阅读理解九大猜词技巧
马上就要高考了，我整理了一些比较有针对性的高考英语复习技巧资料给大家参考，希望可以帮助同学们提高自身综合英语能力，战胜高考。
高考英语阅读理解九大猜词技巧
一、利用定义或解释(definition or explanation)
Signal words: means, refers to, be called, beknown as ,can be defined as, in other words,that is, that is to say, 定语从句…..etc.
举例：
Pruning is important because it encourages thegrowth of tender shoots(嫩芽), or young leaves oftrees.(B)
The word "pruning" means______
A. Regular cutting(修剪) of the plants
B. Frequent watering
C. Regular use of chemicals
D. Growing the plants high in the mountain
二、利用普通常识和经验(common sense or experience)
举例：
1. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today.
"ocelot" means _________________(an endangered wild cat)
2.The period of adolescence, the period between childhood and adulthood ,may be long orshort.
"adolescence" means___________(The period between childhood and adulthood)
三、利用同义/同位语(similarity/appositive)
Signal words：for example ，for instance，such as ，like，as---as，etc.
举例：
The largest player – Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Center offers a wide variety of choices,such as deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are the big favoriteof the tourists. (C)
The words "deluxe sedans," "minivans" and "station wagons" used in the text refer to ____.
A. cars in the making B. car rental firms C. cars for rent D. car makers
四、利用举例(from examples)
Signal words: as, like, the same as，unlike,but，however, on the contrary, while,instead…ect.
举例：
1. The snow was falling.Big flakes drifted(飘)with the wind like feathers.
2. Unlike her gregarious sister, Jane is a shyperson who does not like to go to parties or makenew friends.
五、利用比较或对比(comparison or contrast)
(1)Overwork may cause diseases.
over(过分的、过量的)+work=overwork“工作过度”。
(2)There was a dissatisfied look in the manager's eyes.
dis “不” + satisfied“满意的=dissatisfied “不满意的”。
六、利用构词法(Word formation)：前缀、后缀、复合、派生等
举例：
1. Is he intelligent or stupid?
2. Most women in Ghana--- the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the youngand old--- work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives andmothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is wellknown and well deserved.(C)
The underlined word "illiterate" in the passage means ____.
A. Repeated B. reiterated. C. uneducated D. sick
七、利用同义词或反义词(Synonym or Antonym)
举例：
Signal words:because，since ,so, such......that,so......that, ect
I feel that since you are my superior(上司), it would be presumptuous of me to tell youwhat to do .(B)
The word "presumptuous" is closest in meaning to "____" .
A.full of respect B. rude and too confident
C.lacking in experience D.too shy and quiet
八、利用原因与结果关系猜词(from Cause and Result)
The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked asan engineer.(A)
A. work B. study C. name D. interest
九、利用上下文的`语境(context or related information)
更多练习：
1. A good teacher works in quite a different way.His audience take an active part in his play: they askand answer questions, they obey orders, and if theydon't understand something, they say so.
The word "audience" in the paragraph means____.
A. students
B. people who watch a play
C. people who act on the stage
D. people who listen to something
答案：A
解题关键：常识 teacher-----students
2. When some kind of pain killer(止痛药) was brought out recently, researchers found thatthe colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak andineffective(无效的).
33人见人爱
ielts阅读考试的猜词技巧
阅读理解中几种常见猜词技巧
作为泛读(Extensive Reading)的一种，阅读理解在国内各类考试中都举足轻重。雅思，托福，英语专业四、八级，还有大学英语四、六级，各类考试中的阅读理解侧重点不同，但万变不离其中。很多同学都认为，突破词汇是解决阅读理解的唯一途径。词汇固然重要，但是在应试型的阅读理解中，掌握一些猜词法未尝不是行之有效的方法。(小德老师提示)考试中的阅读理解大多为细节题，即针对个别句子和段落进行提问，所以各位童鞋不要在阅读整篇文章，了解文章大意上浪费过多时间。(通常只有20%的题目是主旨题。)拿到文章，先浏览几道问题的属性，细节题几道，主旨题几道。如果细节题占大多数，直接用Scanning找到答案所在句子，精读这几句找出答案。如果时间充裕，再处理主旨题。废话少说，介绍几种猜词法吧。
1. Definition (根据释义猜词) 在有些文章中，某些生词的词义在下文中可以得到解释或说明。这些解释有时以定义、定语从句、同位语形式出现;有时用破折号、括号、冒号、引号等符号引出;还有时用that is, or, that is to say, in other words等引出。 例如： Anthropology is the scientific study of man. 根据定义可知，anthropology就是研究人类的科学，由此可推出anthropology是人类学。 He takes a special interest in botany which concerns the study of plants. 根据定语从句中which concerns the study of plants可知botany是植物学。
2. Examples (根据例子猜词) 在有些文章中，下文所举的例子给读者提供了猜测生词的重要线索。 例如：Generally, we like to read periodicals, such as Time Magazine, Newsweek, and Reader’s Digest. 我们可以根据后面所举的例子Time, Newsweek, Reader’s Digest推断出periodicals的意思是期刊
3. Synonym(根据同义词猜词) 例如： The hot tropical weather created a feeling of lassitude and encouraged laziness. 此句中，连词and连接并列成分created a feeling of lassitude和encouraged laziness两个短语。其中created与encouraged都是动词，而lassitude与laziness对应。,我们通过laziness进而推断出lassitude的大概意思是困乏，无力，无精打采。
4. Antonym (根据反义词猜词) 英语中，常见的表示转折的的词有：but, however, though, otherwise, on the other hand 等。 例如： If you agree, write Yes; while, if you dissent, write No. 此句中的 Yes 和 No 明显表明先后分句为对比，相反关系。前句表示肯定，后句表示否定，由此，我们可以推断出dissent与agree意思应该相反，意为 不同意，不赞成。 Mr. Green always is punctual for everything, but for some reason he was late for an important meeting last week. 此句中，连词but可以断定前后分句为转折关系，所以punctual 应该与后面分句中的 he was late for意思相反，进而推断出punctual 的意思是守时的'，准时的。
5. Cause and Result (根据因果关系猜词) 例如： Mary didn’t notice me when I came into the classroom, because she was completely engrossed in her reading. 这个例句的意思是，当我走进教室的时候，玛丽没有注意到我，因为她正在***地看书。根据逻辑关系，我们可以推断engross可能就是全神贯注的意思。 There were so many demonstrators in Red Square that he had to elbow his way through the crowd.
此句为结果状语从句，根据从句的描述so many demonstrators和crowd，我们便可推知elbow的词意为挤，挤过。
6. Prefix(根据前缀猜词) 例如： As you are receiving my note by E-mail, it’s wise to remember how easily this wonderful technology can be misused, sometimes unintentionally, with serious consequences. 此句中，misuse是在use前加上了前缀mis-，表示误、错，从而判断出misuse表示错用，误用;unintentionally是由intention→ intentional→ intentionally→ unintentionally演变而成的，从而不难推出其意为不是有意地，无心地。
7. Suffix(根据后缀猜词) 例如： Insecticide is applied where it is needed. 此例句中，后缀-cide 表示杀------者，杀灭剂，结合大家熟悉的词根insect(昆虫)，不难猜出insecticide意为杀虫剂。 Then the vapor may change into droplets. 此句中，后缀-let表示小的，而词根drop指滴，滴状物。将两个意思结合起来，便可推断出droplet的词义为小滴，微滴。
8. Compounded Words(根据复合词的各部分猜词) 例如; Growing economic problems were highlighted by a slowdown in oil output. 此句中，highlight通过分析发现，该词是由high(高的，强的)和light(光线)两部分组成，合在一起便是以强光照射，使突出的意思。Bullfight is very popular in Spain. 例句中的bull(公牛)和fight(打，搏斗)结合在一起，指西班牙颇为流行的一种体育运动：斗牛。
9. Experience(根据常识猜词) 例如： People who refuse to comply with the law will be punished. 根据常识，往往受到惩罚的常常是不遵守法律的人。由此，我们可以推断出comply的意思是遵从，服从。
总之，利用各种已知信息推测、判断词义是非常重要的阅读技巧。在实践中，我们可以灵活运用上面提到的几种猜测技巧;排除生词的障碍，理解文章的思想内容，提高阅读速度，从而在考试中获得高分。
