巴黎介绍英文

As we all know ,Paris is the capital of France. It is such a beautiful place that all the people would like to visit it some day.The weather is neither hot in summer nor cold in winter.There are many places of interest in that city such as Notre-Dame de Paris and Versailles Palace.You can see many museums , theatres ,gardens , fountains and sculptures everywhere. It is really a civilized and beautiful city. People in Paris are very gentle. They have colorful life.我们都知道,巴黎是法国的首都。这是一个非常美丽的地方,所有的人想去有一天。夏天的天气既不热也不冷在冬天。有许多名胜古迹的城市如巴黎圣母院和凡尔赛宫。你可以看到许多博物馆、剧院、花园、喷泉和雕塑随处可见。这真的是一个文明和美丽的城市。巴黎人很温柔。他们有丰富多彩的生活。

Paris started life as the Celto-Roman settlement of Lutetia on the Île de la Cité, the island in the Seine currently occupied by the Cathédral de Nôtre Dame. It takes its present name from name of the dominant Gallo-Celtic tribe in the region, the Parisii. At least that's what the Romans called them, when they showed up in 52 BCE and established their city Lutetia on the left bank of the Seine, in what is now called the "Latin Quarter" in the 5th arrondissement. The Romans held out here for as long as anywhere else in the Western Empire, but by 508 CE they were gone, replaced by Clovis of the Franks, who is considered by the French to have been their first king. Clovis' descendants, aka the Carolingians, held onto the expanded Lutetian state for nearly 500 years through Viking raids and other calamities, which finally resulted in a forced move by most of the population back to the islands which had been the center of the original Celtic village. The Capetian Duke of Paris was voted to succeed the last of the Carolingians as King of France, insuring the city a premier position in the medieval world. Over the next several centuries Paris expanded onto the right bank into what was and is still called le Marais (The Marsh). Quite a few buildings from this time can be seen in the 4th arrondissement. The medieval period also witnessed the founding of the Sorbonne. As the "University of Paris", it became one of the most important centers for learning in Europe -- if not the whole world, for several hundred years. Most of the institutions that still constitute the University are found in the 5th, and 13th arrondissements. In the late 18th century, there was a period of political and social upheaval in France and Europe, during which the French governmental structure, previously a monarchy with feudal privileges for the aristocracy and Catholic clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on Enlightenment principles of nationalism, citizenship, and inalienable rights. Notable events during and following the revolution were the storming of the Bastille 4th arrondissements, and the rise and fall of Napoleonic France. Out of the violent turmoil that was the French Revolution, sparked by the still known Passion des Francais, emerged the enlightened modern day France. The Paris of today was built long after the Capetian and later the Bourbon Kings of France made their mark on Paris with the Louvre and the Palais Royal, both in the 1st. In the 19th century, Baron von Hausmann set about reconstructing the city, by adding the long straight avenues and replacing many of the then existing medieval houses, with grander and more uniform buildings. The Eiffel Tower, ParisNew wonders arrived during La Belle Époque, as the Parisian golden age of the late 19th century is known. Gustave Eiffel's famous tower, the first metro lines, most of the parks, and the streetlights (which are partly believed to have given the city its epithet "the city of light") all come from this period. Another source of the epithet comes from Ville Lumière, a reference not only to the revolutionary electrical lighting system implemented in the streets of Paris, but also to the prominence and aura of Enlightenment the city gained in that era. The twentieth century was hard on Paris, but thankfully not as hard as it could have been. Hitler's order to burn the city was thankfully ignored by the German General von Choltitz who was quite possibly convinced by a Swedish diplomat that it would be better to surrender and be remembered as the savior of Paris, than to be remembered as its destroyer. Following the war, the city recovered quickly at first, but slowed in the 1970s and 1980s when Paris began to experience some of the problems faced by big cities everywhere: pollution, housing shortages, and occasionally failed experiments in urban renewal. During this time however, Paris enjoyed considerable growth as a multi-cultural city, with new immigrants from all corners of the world, especially La Francophonie, including most of northern and western Africa as well as Vietnam and Laos. These immigrants brought their foods and music, both of which are of prime interest for many travelers. Today there are more nationalities represented in Paris than even in New York (over 100). Immigration and multi-culturalism continues in the 21st century with a marked increase in the arrival of people from Latin America, especially Mexico, Colombia, and Brazil. In the late 1990s, it was hard to find good Mexican food in Paris, whereas today there are dozens of possibilities from lowly taquerias in the outer arrondissements to nice sit-down restaurants on the boulevards. Meanwhile Latin music from salsa to samba is all the rage (well, alongside Paris lounge electronica). The 21st century has also seen vast improvements in the general livability of Paris, with the Mayor's office concentrating on reducing pollution and improving facilities for soft forms of transportation including a huge network of cycle paths, larger pedestrian districts and newer faster metro lines. Visitors who normally arrive car-less are the beneficiaries of these policies as much as the Parisians themselves are.

Philip Augustus had a tall keep built c.1200,in front of the town walls.It was to protect the right bank of Paris;it was also designed as a symbol of royal authority. It was Charles V who,in the 14th century,first took up residence in the Louvre.The very famous miniature from the “Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry”shows the refurbishment work carried out by Raymond du Temple,the king’s architect,in the 1360’s.The fortress then accommodated the royal family and its suite,even though the palace on the Ile de la Cité remained the official residence. François I had the keep demolished in 1528 and began restoring and refurbishing the mediaeval fortress to give it the palatial appearance we see today.In 1546,François I commissioned architect Pierre Lescot to rebuild the royal residence.The Louvre Palace laid out for Charles V was to be replaced by a building with the same design,i.e.four sides.The carvings on the façades were created by Jean Goujon.This was the first example of Renaissa菲利浦奥古斯都保持了高建c.1200 ，在前面的小镇walls.It是保护右岸巴黎，它也设计成一个象征皇家权威。 这是查尔斯五世谁，在14世纪，首先讨论了居住在该Louvre.The非常有名的微型从“卡瓦里奇斯钟报杜贝里公爵”显示了整修所进行的工作雷蒙德杜庙，国王的建筑师在1360年的。山城然后安置王室及其套件，即使宫的塞纳河西提仍然官邸。 弗朗索瓦一世曾在1528年继续拆除，并开始恢复和整修中世纪要塞给它的富丽堂皇的外观，我们看到today.In 1546年，弗朗索瓦一世委托建筑师皮埃尔Lescot重建皇家宫殿residence.The卢浮宫奠定了查尔斯五世但取而代之的建设同设计， iefour sides.The雕刻上墙建立了由Jean Goujon.This是第一个例子Renaissa