年轻就要耍大牌
西藏高原（19世纪至20世纪50年代）据已有资料分析，匈牙利地质学家Lóczy(1899)首次科学地阐述了西藏高原(Tibetan Plateau)，范围指昆仑山脉以南、喜马拉雅山脉以北、西部为喀喇昆仑山脉、东部为横断山脉之间的区域。 李四光(1939，1953)在讨论中国自然区划时也称“西藏高原”，系指由昆仑山脉、横断山脉和喜马拉雅山脉所围绕的梨形大高原。 徐逸超(1943)研究中国地形区域时亦称西藏高原,但范围不含康滇纵谷山地和青海高原盆地。 青康藏高原（20世纪40年代）20世纪中叶，徐尔灏(1945)、任乃强、陈史坚(1949)提出了“青康藏高原”名称，即青海-西康-西藏高原，其范围包括北部的昆仑山—祁连山,南部的喜马拉雅山,西部的喀喇昆仑山以及东部的横断山。 青藏高原（20世纪50年代以来）随着西康的撤并，任美锷(1950,1952,1954,1982)、周廷儒和施雅风及陈述彭(1956)、黄秉维(1959)、以及徐近之(1960)陆续提出了“青藏高原”概念与区域范围，对高原范围的认识基本相近：包括北部的昆仑山—祁连山，南部的喜马拉雅山，西部的帕米尔山结以及东部的横断山。但柴达木盆地和高原边缘山地的归属存在争议。在《中国地貌区划》(初稿)(1959)中，把青藏高原称青藏山原，也称西藏山原，包括藏北台原以及围绕它的昆仑山、喀喇昆仑山、冈底斯山、念青唐古拉山和东部边缘的横断山(其范围直到云南西南部国界)。而喜马拉雅山、柴达木盆地和祁连山分别为三个独立的区，与西藏山原区并列。孙鸿烈(1980)在“青藏高原的土地类型及其农业利用评价原则”一文中，将青藏高原范围简练描述为：青藏高原北起昆仑，南抵喜马拉雅，东自横断山脉，西至喀喇昆仑。1987年，李炳元根据青藏高原巨构造地貌特征，提出以高原面及其海拔高度作为确定青藏高原范围的依据，较详细地讨论了青藏高原的具体范围。 随着20世纪中叶以后“青藏高原”一词在国内的广泛使用，西藏高原这一概念在国内仅指青藏高原的一部分，平均海拔超过4500米，最高海拔超过8800米，主要在西藏自治区境内，是“世界屋脊”的主体。青藏高原与西藏高原是范围不同的地理学概念。 但是，在国外仍多沿用20世纪初开始使用的概念表述，即采用“Tibetan Plateau”（西藏高原）一词称整个青藏高原。中国科研界对外也常沿用“Tibetan Plateau”（西藏高原）来翻译“青藏高原”，例如中国科学院青藏高原研究所英文即为“INSTITUTE OF TIBETAN PLATEAU RESEARCH, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES”。
依然泛泛
The Qing-Tibet Plateau has long been known as the natural geological museum. the golden key to the global orogenic mechanism, the natural laboratory for the continental dynamics theory, and the pulser of the global changes, which is the important source region and the competition field deriving new theories, knowledge and discoveries.Numerous orogenic belts were developed in the middle and western parts of China, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are the most distinctive, with rich and varied geological phenomena. The eastern margin of the Plateau lies in the significant position of the Chinese tectonic units, which is located in the transition zone between the mantle depression in the southern region (the Qinghai-Tibet region) of west part of China and the deep structure of the middle part, and in the eastern section of the Helansan—Longmenshan steep-change belt which passes obliquely through the margin. The northwestern region of this zone is characterized by the thick Crust as well as the thick Mantle, and the southeastern, by the thin Crust as well as the thin Mantle of the Sichuan basin. Distinguished nonuniformities occur both in the vertical and horizontal lithosphere. A number of deep faults were developed in the zone, of which the Longmenshan lithospheric fault and the Xianshuihe fault belts are the most important. In the regional geology, the complete tectonic pattern is composed of five units, from the northwest towards the southeast:(1) The Songpan-Ganzi orogenic belt.(2) The Xianshuihe fault belt.(3) The Longmenshan thrust belt.(4) The foreland basin.(5) The foreland upwarp. The Xianshuihe fault belt, the Songpan-Ganzi orogenic belt, the Longmenshan thrust belt, and the foreland basin are the regional units unique to the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and are the treasure of geoscience.It is not only the typical region to study the geodynamic processes between the Plateau and the periphery basins (the basin motivity), but the key position to verify if the Plateau is derived from the crustal thickening or from the extrusion by the sinistral rotation to absorb the northward diapirism of the Indian continent after the collision between Indian and Asian continents; it is also the critical region to conduct investigations into the change in climate, hydrographic net, and ecological environment of the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The margin spans the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Longmenshan mid-high mountain, and the piedmont alluvial plain, which covers the relatively developed economic region (including Pengzhou City, Dujiangyan City, and Yaan Prefecture) of the Chengdu Plain, and the underdeveloped region of the Aba and the Ganzi Tibetan autonomous prefectures. There are gaps between the two regions in economics, natural form, traffic, and human geography. During the recent years, a number of overseas geoscientists from USA (MIT, CIT etc), UK, France, Swithzerland, Australia, Japan, and Germany took field trips to the region and were involved in some research projects to varying extent .
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