loveless0122
小学生的年龄特征决定了他们刚上课时不能立即进入学习状态。怎样使学生尽快稳定情绪，把注意力集中到课堂学习中来，有效完成教学任务呢？这就要求我们必须在导入新课上下功夫。在平时教学中，我采用了以下五种导入新课方法，收到了较好的效果，一、歌曲导入法歌曲导入法是指课前选用相应歌曲，用轻松愉快的音乐旋律营造出一种亲切欢乐的氛围进而导入新课的方法。目的是把学生从母语思维尽快拉到英语思维中来。歌曲是呈现新的语言的有效方式之一，其节奏和韵律能帮助孩子们从开始就逐渐体会英语语感，并能降低难度，帮助孩子们记忆所学语言。New Standard Englishzh中有着丰富的资源。在教学中，我采用“快乐Do Re Mi”教学环节，以歌入手，学习语言。例如：3B Module 1.字母表，学生记忆26个字母有一定的困难，所以上课前先教唱英文字母歌，学生通过熟悉的旋律，把字母带进歌中，几遍之后就能上口，按顺序唱出字母表，然后再利用这首字母歌帮助学生为下一步认读、书写字母打下基础。再如：学习Body（身体）时，单词多又难，不易记忆，我先让学生 听一首“人体部位”的歌曲《Head and shoulders,knees and toes 》按照歌词我用手指向身体的各个部位，使学生对歌词意思有了初步的认识，然后再播放几遍，边唱边指。这种用唱歌导入新课进行英语单词和句子的学习，使学生既学习了英语语言，又使学生在熟悉的旋律中学到了新知，轻松自然。二、韵句导入法`韵句导如入法是指诗歌和歌谣导入新课的一种方法，其特点是诗歌和歌谣有韵脚，有意境，语言精练，节奏明快，充满童趣，富有动感，旋律优美，深受孩子们的喜爱。教学中我注意抓住chant 的独特形式和风格，以chant 促教促学，寓教于乐。例如：教“问路指方向”内容时，我先让学生说：Left ,right. Left, right.March all day. March all night. Up and down, Up and down. On we go ,round the town.课前组织学生一起chant. 人多声音洪亮，学生的注意力一下子就集中到英语课堂上来，它比老师说千遍stop ! stop ! class begin ! please be quiet ! 可强的多。韵句不但能吸引学生的注意力，还能帮助学生尽可能准确地学习语音、语调，提高语言的流利程度，为今后的学习打下良好的基础。例如 ：在学习“动物类”单词时，我先教学生这样一首chant. Look at the cat , It is fat . Look at the pig , It is big . Look at the monkey, It is funny . Look at the mouse ,In my house .这首chant既描写了cat pig monkey mouse 的主要形象特征和习性，同时也很押韵。孩子们听音、模仿、表演、吟唱。语音，语调优美，琅琅上口。掌握了这首chant的韵律后，再把其他动物类的单词替换进去，一首chant可学会很多单词“旧药换新汤”这样英语学习就变得轻松了。三、猜想导入法 猜想是为揭示问题的实质，要求学生凭借自己的想像进行估计推测的一种导入方法。教学中我利用已学的内容进行猜测导入，启迪学生的思维，激发学生的兴趣，培养学生的探索精神。例如：教“水果类”单词时，我把准备好的水果装进一个大包里，让学生先猜测里面装的是什么东西。老师用What’s in the bag ?的句型提问，学生用It’s a banana / pear . It’s an apple / orange .的句型猜 , 至到猜对为止。有时教新单词之前，还可以通过做动作、听声音等方式让学生猜词.如：教Sports day 时，老师先做跳高、跳远、跑步等运动项目的动作，让学生观察动作，猜一猜是什么运动，再出现单词。教3 A Module 9 “职业名称”时，我先放录音让学生听几种不同的声音，判断职业。例如：伴着“一阵电铃声，”学生们猜出“教师 ”引出单词teacher 接着传来“急促而响亮”的声音，学生猜到是警车，引出“ 警察”policemen.有汽车的声音经过，学生猜到是“司机”driver. 拖拉机声音一出现，老师问：“有谁要开拖拉机”？学生猜“农民”farmer。通过猜词活动，学生的情绪高涨，大大提高了学生的学习积极性和自觉性。 四、故事导入法故事导入法是指运用讲故事的形式而导入新课的一种方法。我采用故事开头，增添学生学习英语的浓厚兴趣。在学习3A Module 1 Greetings时,我是这样引入的：同学们，你们喜欢学英语吗？从今天起，我们就开始学英语，除了班上的60位小朋友，还有4位新朋友，你们想知道他们是谁吗？学生回答后，我接着说：“有个男生头发黑短叫Daming，有个女生一头黑发叫Lingling、还有两位特殊的小朋友，Sam脸上有些小点点，一头红红的头发，Amy一头金黄的头发，还扎了两条象花一样的辫子。他俩都是外国小朋友，现在就让他们用英语进行自我介绍吧，（播放录音）Hi, I’m Sam. Hello, I’m Amy. Hi I’m Daming. Hello ,I’m Lingling.现在，谁愿意向我们的新朋友打一声招呼呢？孩子们的表现欲望随之调动起来了，纷纷举手向新朋友Say Hello.这样，小孩子们认识了四位新朋友，而且喜欢上了新朋友，很自然地进入到Unit 1 “Hello,I’m Sam .”的学习中。五、游戏导入法游戏导入法是指通过引导学生做游戏而导入新课的一种方法。运用这种方法有助于调动孩子们的学习热情，吸引他们的注意力，促使他们认真听讲,激发想象力和思维能力。例如：学习“数词”zero ___ten时，我采用“过关游戏”，十人一组报数，看那组报的又对又快。同时还让学生说出生活中用到的数字有哪些，看谁最细心。如：电话号码，手机号码，车牌号码，年龄，日期等。在教“时间表达法”时，我采用学生熟悉的游戏引人新课。先让一个学生扮演“老狼”，让几个学生站成一对依次问：“老狼，老狼，几点了，几点了？”老狼回答：“一点了 一点了……。”学生通过游戏学习“ What’s the time ,Mr Wolf ? It’s twelve. It’s dinner time.”又如：教Body时，做“摸鼻子拍手游戏”Touch your nose.反应慢的被淘汰。学生在玩中学，学中玩。良好的开端是成功的一半。课堂呈现的导入方式，既能减少孩子们语言学习的枯燥，又能激发孩子们的学习兴趣、好奇心和求知欲。对孩子们的身心发展和学习能力的形成十分有利。
龙发集团
英语开场白【一】
既然是英语课，就应该有一个“带有英语”的开场白。走进教室后，我一边招手一边面带笑容的用英语和学生说“Hello! Boys andgirls!”
并简单介绍“I’m your new English teacher.You can call me MissYan"然后互相用”Hello!"打招呼，这个时候学生还有些胆怯，不能完全放开，我就竖起大拇指略微夸张的表扬他们："Verygood!"“Hownice!"进一步打消他们对英语的畏惧感，并且让学生在第一时间领略到英语的风采。
虽然很多英语学生不能听懂，但是学生越是听不懂，就越想知道是什么意思，这样就越能激发学生对英语的好奇和兴趣。
当然，需要注意的是，教师也不能只顾着展示“风采”，不管学生是否明白，这样，时间一长，学生就会觉得疲劳、索然无味。因此，教师在说的'同时要配以相应的体态语言，帮助学生理解意思。总而言之，第一节英语课必须用英语作为开场白，激发学生学习的欲望。
英文讲课开场白【二】
Opening Statement
mr. chairman, senator thurmond, members of the committee, my name is anita f. hill, and i am a professor of law at the university of oklahoma. i was born on a farm in okmulgee county, oklahoma, in 1956. i am the youngest of 13 children. i had my early education in okmulgee county. my father, albert hill, is a farmer in that area. my mother's name is irma hill. she is also a farmer and a housewife.
my childhood was one of a lot of hard work and not much money, but it was one of solid family affection, as represented by my parents. i was reared in a religious atmosphere in the baptist faith, and i have been a member of the antioch baptist church in tulsa, oklahoma, since 1983. it is a very warm part of my life at the present time.
for my undergraduate work, i went to oklahoma state university and graduated from there in 1977. i am attaching to this statement a copy of my resume for further details of my education.
i graduated from the university with academic honors and proceeded to the yale law school, where i received my jd degree in 1980. upon graduation from law school, i became a practicing lawyer with the washington, dc, firm of ward, hardraker, and ross.
in 1981, i was introduced to now judge thomas by a mutual friend. judge thomas told me that he was anticipating a political appointment, and he asked if i would be interested in working with him. he was, in fact, appointed as assistant secretary of education for civil rights. after he had taken that post, he asked if i would become his assistant, and i accepted that position.
in my early period there, i had two major projects. the first was an article i wrote for judge thomas' signature on the education of minority students. the second was the organization of a seminar on high-risk students which was abandoned because judge thomas transferred to the eeoc where he became the chairman of that office.
during this period at the department of education, my working relationship with judge thomas was positive. i had a good deal of responsibility and independence. i thought he respected my work and that he trusted my judgment. after approximately three months of working there, he asked me to go out socially with him.
what happened next and telling the world about it are the two most difficult things -- experiences of my life. it is only after a great deal of agonizing consideration and sleeplenumber -- a great number of sleeplenights tha(t i amable to talk of these unpleasant matters to anyone but my close friends.
i declined the invitation to go out socially with him and explained to him that i thought it would jeopardize what at the time i considered to be a very good working relationship. i had a normal social life with other men outside of the office. i believed then, as now, that having a social relationship with a person who was supervising my work would be ill-advised. i was very uncomfortable with the idea and told him so.
i thought that by saying no and explaining my reasons my employer would abandon his social suggestions. however, to my regret, in the following few weeks, he continued to ask me out on several occasions. he pressed me to justify my reasons for saying no to him. these incidents took place in his office or mine. they were in the form of private conversations which would not have been overheard by anyone else.
my working relationship became even more strained when judge thomas began to use work situations to discuse-x. on these occasions, he would call me into his office for reports on education issues and projects, or he might suggest that, because of the time pressures of his schedule, we go to lunch to a government cafeteria. after a brief discussion of work, he would turn the conversation to a discussion of se-xual matters.
his conversations were very vivid. he spoke about acts that he had seen in pornographic films involving such matters as women having se-x with animals and films showing group se-x or rape scenes. he talked about pornographic materials depicting individuals with large penises or large breasts involved in various se-x acts. on several occasions, thomas told me graphically of his own se-xual prowess.
because i was extremely uncomfortable talking about se-x with him at all and particularly in such a graphic way, i told him that i did not want to talk about these subjects. i would also try to change the subject to education matters or to nonse-xual personal matters such as his background or his beliefs. my efforts to change the subject were rarely successful.
throughout the period of these conversations, he also from time to time asked me for social engagements. my reaction to these conversations was to avoid them by eliminating opportunities for us to engage in extended conversations. this was difficult because at the time i was his only assistant at the office of education -- or of
fice for civil rights.
午夜的咖啡香
一、 开门见山，直接导入直接导入，也就是教师直接将所学语言点展示给学生。如在Greetings这一课，老师走进教室热情地向同学们打招呼说“Hello”或“Hi”。与近处的同学握手，向远处的同学挥手。表扬那些用英语向你打招呼的同学说“Very good . Well done.”或“Clever boy/girl .”。紧接着展示本课的挂图，让同学们观察图片，说说图中的人物在学校门口和同学们干什么？同学们回想一下老师怎样用英语同你打招呼？ 直接呈现课文的主旨，同学们很快就学会了用英语打招呼。如果直接导入设计得当，可以促进学生头脑中系统知识构建的形成，为后续教学环节做铺垫。二、温故知新，复习导入在以传授新知识为主的课堂教学中，应先安排3-5分钟的口语复习时间，采取多种问答形式，针对实际情况进行问答。如Can I borrow your…这一课，教师可以拿出一个铅笔盒，举起铅笔问“What’s this in English ?”用这一句型复习一些表示“学习用品”的单词，可以由个别学生回答，也可以学生集体回答问题。然后告诉同学们，假如我上课忘带了文具盒，你应该怎么说，从而引出本课学习的重点句型“Can I borrow your …” “Certainly . Here you are . ”在问答过程中，能使学生情绪紧张而兴奋，迅速地进入角色，沉浸在浓厚的英语氛围中，做到既活跃了课堂，练习了自己的口语，又能帮助别的同学复习旧的知识。同时，还蕴藏着新知识的支撑点，可谓一举多得。三、创设环境，情境导入很多英语教师做出种种努力，使学生身处教室便有种置身于英语文化之中的感觉，这给学生提供了英语词汇、语句的环境，并增添了英语学习的勇气。我们现在采用的英语教材最大的特点就是口语化、生活化。教材安排了大量的情景会话，如购物、打电话、问路等。内容接近生活且篇幅短小，可直接用于生活。如在导入Birthday这一课时，让学生回想自己是如何过生日的? 并且说明天是Sam的生日，我们来给他开一个生日宴会，请同学们做好准备。在导入新课时，干脆把教室布置一下，请同学们把带来的礼物gift 送给Sam，跟老师说：“Here’s your present . ”老师拿出准备好的生日蛋糕cake ，师生一起点生日蜡烛candle ，分吃蛋糕，共唱生日快乐歌“Happy birthday to you !”。把日常生活情景搬进课堂，让学生在交际交往中表情达意，极大地激发了学生的好奇心与求知欲，从而激发起学生们学习英语的热情。四、边玩边学，游戏导入做游戏是儿童的天性，让孩子们在自己喜爱的游戏中开展英语学习活动，将大大激发儿童学习英语的兴趣。如在Numbers 一课，老师带来一个彩色的“魔方”，一上课，就对同学们说“Let’s play a game today . Who is lucky ? (由一个学生预先说出一种颜色，另外一个同学指出所说的颜色，并且数一数这种颜色的方块一共有几个? 分成几组来做，哪一组说得准确率高，哪一组就是最幸运的人。学生立即欢呼雀跃，“.All right ”。不爱表现的同学，也纷纷举起了他们的小手。五、边唱边学，歌曲导入唱歌是孩子们最喜爱的活动。唱英文歌曲能活跃课堂气氛。因此，歌曲导入的方式受到了许多老师的青睐。如在教colour时，我们可以唱英文歌《a rainbow》来导入，使学生一下子就进入到英语学习的氛围中，收到了良好的效果。六、多媒体教学手段的导入随着经济的飞速发展，科学技术日新月异，多媒体成了目前教学中教师普遍采用的一种教学手段。由于多媒体具有集图形、声音、动作、板书于一身的特点，对生性好动的小学生们而言，多媒体教学可以激发他们耳、眼、口、鼻、脑器官的整合。如教学Where are you going ？时，可以设计这样的课件：在电脑上出现了一个十字路口，远处有一名警察，Sam手中拿着一张卡片，卡片上写着Mary家的住址，他正在发愁, 通过这个形象直观的展示，学生很快就明白了图中所表现的内容：Sam想去Mary家，走到十字路口后，他不知该走哪条路。这时，我将画面定格，让学生分角色表演，想象一下Sam和policeman之间会说什么呢?自然而然地导入了新课。
