夏可兒雲卿
也称“邻近原则”,“就近一致原则”(Proximity),即:谓语与靠近的名词、代词(有时不一定是主语)在“人称、数”上一致。1.在正式文体中: 由下列词语连接的并列主语:"there be+句型; or ; either …or;nor; neither…nor;whether…or;not…but; not only…butalso" ; 等。e.g. ①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你,而是你父亲该受责备。④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了,他也错了。2) 在倒装句中:谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。e.g. ①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在远处,能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。②There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。2. 非正式文体中:有时依“就近一致原则”,但也可依“意义一致原则”或严格地依“语法一致原则”。e.g. ①Neither she nor I were there (意义一致) 我和他当时都不在那儿。(非正式)②Neither she nor I was there .(就近一致)(译文同上句)(正式)但是,如果依“就近一致原则”而与其他两项原则相矛盾时,则常常认为是不太合符规范的。e.g.No one except his own supporters agree with him .仅他自己的支持者同意他的意见。(依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则;但语法上,“No one ”才是主语,谓语要改成“agrees”。“写作中”一般要依“语法一致”原则。
Lucy…黄小猪
就近原则:there be+句型; or ; either …or;nor; neither…nor;whether…or;not…but; not only…but also。
就远原则:as well as;(together/along/combined)with;rather than;except;besides;but;including;in addition to;apart from, like, as much as, no less than。
扩展资料:
有时依“就近一致原则”,但也可依“意义一致原则”或严格地依“语法一致原则”。
例句:
Neither she nor I were there. (意义一致) 我和她当时都不在那儿。(非正式)
Neither she nor I was there .(就近一致)(译文同上句)(正式)
但是,如果依“就近一致原则”而与其他两项原则相矛盾时,则常常认为是不太合符规范的。
No one except his own supporters agree with him .
仅他自己的支持者同意他的意见。(依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则;但语法上,“No one ”才是主语,谓语要改成“agrees”。“写作中”一般要依“语法一致”原则。)
Q吃吃吃买买买
就近原则的英语词组有:either...or...; neither...nor...;not only...but also...;not...but...就远原则有together with,along with,as well as,rather than等。
就近原则用法:
在there be句型当中需要使用就近原则,如:
There is a pen and two pencils on the desk.
桌子上有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。
在either …or与neither…nor句型当中需要使用就近原则,如:
Either you or Paul is responsible for this thing.
你或者保罗应该为此负责。
Neither you nor I am wrong .
你和我都没错。
在not…but句型当中需要使用就近原则,如:
Not you but your father is to blame.
不是你,而是你的父亲该受责备。
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