宣传汉语文化英文

严复的"信、达、雅"三个字精辟地概括了翻译的标准。这个标准要求译文既能忠实准确地表达原意，又能通顺流畅、文辞优美、可读性强。但在实践中达到这个标准，却不是一件容易的事。 汉英翻译中有两种倾向：一种是一味追求译文流畅、文辞优美，忽略乃至偏离了原意；另一种是过于拘泥原文字句，机械地从字面上"对号入座"，译文不顺而且难懂。这两种倾向都不符合"信、达、雅"标准。在外事翻译中，后一种倾向更为常见。造成这一问题既有主观原因，如怕译文出政治差错，认为直译比较保险，因而不敢越雷池一步；另外也有客观的因素，政治、外交翻译政策性强，不仅要求内容准确、文字严密，而且时间性强，给翻译的时间有限，译者经常处于完成任务的匆忙之中，"该出手时就出手"，难以从容地进行推敲润色，因而译文常常迁就中文，顾不得精益求精。我在四十年的翻译工作中，在限定时间内出手的译文常常留下一些永久的遗憾。 当然，我们的翻译工作一直在进步、在发展，尤其是改革开放以来的20年时间里，解决了大量出现的新问题、新词汇、新提法，在外交和对外宣传工作中发挥了巨大作用。但也不容忽视我们工作中存在的问题，特别是译文质量方面的问题。 提高译文质量需要多方面的努力，我感到今后最需要也是最难解决的问题之一，就是如何克服"中式英文"，即"Chinglish"问题。 "Chinglish"是我上面所说后一种倾向的一个表现，它的存在导致某些译文生硬晦涩，使讲英语的读者敬而远之，影响了对外宣传的效果。还不能不引起我们的注意。 对"Chinglish"，我们需要做一些理论上的探讨，但我认为更主要的是如何从实践中去求得解决。解决了这个问题，就可能使我们的译文更完美，更接近于"信、达、雅"这个标准。当然，这不是一朝一夕所能解决的，需要我们持续不懈地去努力。 由于中国与英语国家的历史背景、政治、经济、社会、文化以及价值观等不同，汉译英容易产生中式英文，就像英译汉容易出现欧式中文一样。因此，要求译者不仅精通汉语和英语，而且熟悉英语国家人们的生活背景、思维方式和语言习惯，时刻关注英语发展动态，多听外电，多读英文原著和原文，逐渐克服"Chinglish"，使英译文读起来比较地道。现就有关"Chinglish"几个问题谈几点看法，与前辈和同行探讨。I、产生Chinglish的主要原因及其表现形式一、带有中国特色的词汇不断出现。改革开放以来，产生了不少新词汇、新提法，它们都是中国特有的，在英文里没有或一时找不到相应的译法，即使译出来也需要一定的磨合的过程。译文往往是解释性的，解释不了，就字对字译出，因而容易出现Chinglish。例如：（1）"三讲"（讲学习、讲政治、讲正气）

Motherland, I'm proud of youMother, for any people, is so sacred, so intimate. I know that the great motherland is our mother, because each person's life, joy and happiness are closely related with the safety of the motherland, are closely linked, I am living in the warm embrace of the motherland, how proud.With age, I have books from the classroom and more and more aware of our motherland is a long history of five thousand years of civilization. She has 9.6 million square kilometers of the vast territory, has a reputation of Chinese culture, with well known overseas, "four great inventions", a stretch thousands of miles of the Great Wall, the world's eighth wonder of the Qin terracotta warriors and horses, the magnificent Forbidden City in Beijing, Suzhou, unmatched garden, there is a wealth of treasures and beautiful scenery ... ... Five thousand years of history, like an old poem, like a long scroll, demonstrating the motherland that has experienced many vicissitudes in the face and body strong and unyielding. Light and prosperity to the motherland, I do not know how many martyrs shed their blood and break the chains make the motherland, a new life; how many patriots, stand by a common fate with the motherland. "Fate of the nation, every citizen has the" rhetoric of fathers who are the face of broken rivers and mountains, we are one after the older generation of proletarian revolutionaries, for the motherland's prosperity and happiness of the people struggle.Whenever I see the flag raised and hearing the majestic "March of the Volunteers", the always feel excited, there are stocks cry from the heart: the motherland, I am proud of you.Fifty-five thousand years of history much, but in this short period of fifty years, our country has undergone enormous changes. Science and technology, economy and culture has really leaps and bounds. Today, the reform and opening up the construction of the motherland and inject new vitality into our great country at an unprecedented new face appeared in the world. Because the strength of Hong Kong and Macao before returning to the motherland; the country strong, the world's largest hydropower project was able to build the Three Gorges Project; as the strength, the 29th Olympic Games 2008 to be held in Beijing; the powerful country, the Chinese Olympic athletes to the Athens gold medal out the world's second Olympic gold; the country stronger, "Shenzhou V" spacecraft to be successfully launched, making China the world's first three have the ability to send astronauts into space countries, and the victory of the successful launch of Shenzhou VI return, but also shows the country the advancement of technology to enhance China's international status ... ... The success of this series, is not correct today demonstrated the strength and prosperous? Motherland, I feel very proud of you.Morning, the majestic national anthem resounded through the earth, bright as the sun will rise five-star red flag, flying the flag like a mother smiling with open arms. At the moment, I just nestled in the warm embrace of the mother, I feel great pride and happiness.Today, we should have "for the rise of China" and the grand vision of learning, should be prosperous and promising country of dedication to the lofty aspirations, let us use all the wisdom and the life blood of our country to build it. I want to say with deep feeling: the motherland, I am proud of you!朗读显示对应的拉丁字符的拼音字典 - 查看字典详细内容

In the 21~(st) century, globalization takes great influences not only on the field of economy, but also on that of culture, it means the constant dominance of western culture. One of the aspects is that traditional culture is being treated coldly. The treasures from our ancestors are fading out gradually. How to maintain it is really an urgent task. Cultural contact and conflict are very common and unavoidable in the development of culture. The key factor is that how we should face and deal with it. Another concern for many countries was the dispersal of Indigenous cultural property around the world. There was concern that objects had been removed from their native territories, often with the consent of Indigenous Pacific Peoples, at times in the past where Indigenous peoples had no control over the collection, trade and importation of such objects. Repatriation of cultural objects is becoming increasingly important for Pacific countries as they now establish their own museums and cultural centres for the recording, display and promotion of their cultures. However, there is still much repatriation work to be done. The Cook Islands delegation reported that there are more traditional cultural objects from the Cook Islands held in overseas museums than in the Cook Islands themselves. The Cook Islands National Museum is attempting to repatriate objects from museums abroad, but unfortunately, there are very few legal avenues available for the return of such cultural property. In most cases, repatriation of cultural objects is dependent on the goodwill of the relevant international museums。