英语倒装句秘籍

inversionInversion involves putting an auxiliary verb before the subject of a clause. We do this in a number of different situations:QuestionsThe most common use of inversion is in the forming of questions. We use the auxiliary verbs be (for progressive and passive forms), have (for perfect forms) and do (for most other forms). Modal verbs can also be inverted to form questions: Were they ready when you arrived? Where was it made? Have you ever visited France? Where do you live? What should we do now?Negative and restrictive adverbsIn formal English, it is quite common to use inversion after negative adverbial expressions and restrictive words such as only, never, hardly and little. At no time did he get permission for what he was doing. Not until the next morning did she realise how serious it was. Only later did they learn his terrible secret. Never before have I seen such awful behaviour. Hardly had we walked in the door when the phone started ringing. Little do you know how much trouble you are in.So, nor and neitherInversion is common when using these words to expression agreement or disagreement. I'm from Turkey. So am I. I don't like monsters! Nor/Neither do I.Conditional clausesIn formal English, the if clause in conditional sentences can be rephrased through inversion: Were you to win the election, what's the first thing you'd do? = If you won the election … Had we known what the weather would be like, we wouldn't have come = If we had known what …MayWhen we are making wishes, we can use inversion: May you both live happily ever after!ExclamationsWe can use inversion to make exclamations: Aren't you a silly girl! Isn't it a lovely day!

1. here 和there位于句首时的倒装

表示地点的here和 there位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come, go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词：

Here’s Tom. 汤姆在这里。

There’s Jim. 吉姆在那儿。

Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。

There goes the bell. 铃响了。

There goes the last train. 最后一班火车开走了。

【注意】

(1) 以上倒装句中的谓语动词come和go不能用进行时态，即不能说 Here is coming the bus。

(2) 若主语为代词，则不倒装：

Here I am. 我在这儿。/ 我来了。

Here it comes. 它来了。

(3) 其中的动词有时也可能是stand, lie, live等表示状态的动词(表示存在)：

There stood a desk against the wall. 靠墙放着一张书桌。

Once upon a time there lived a man known by the name of Beef. 从前有个人名叫比夫。

2. away和down等位于句首时的倒装

地点副词away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up 等位于句首时，其后用完全倒装语序。这类倒装句的.谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词：

Away went the runners. 赛跑选手们跑远了。

Round and round flew the plane. 飞机盘旋着。

The door opened and in came Mr Smith. 门开了，史密斯先生进了来。

Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas. 下雨了，伞都撑起来了。

【注意】

若主语为人称代词，则不能用倒装：

Away he went. 他跑远了。

Down it came. 它掉了下来。

3. 状语或表语位于句首时的倒装

为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，有时可将状语或表语置于句首，句中主语和谓语完全倒装：

Among these people was his friend Jim. 他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。

By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand. 窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。

【注意】

在表语置于句首的这类倒装结构中，要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。比较：

In the box was a cat. 箱子里是一只猫。

In the box were some cats. 箱子里是一些猫。

4. 分词和不定式置于句首的倒装

有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首，从而构成倒装：

Buried in the sands was an ancient village. 一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。

Standing beside the table was his wife. 站在桌旁的是他的妻子。

To be carefully considered are the following questions. 下列问题要仔细考虑。

英语倒装句的归纳总结如下：

完全倒装：将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。适合时态：通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去式。

1.here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首，谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。

2. 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。

3. 完全倒装句型结构的主语必须是名词。如果主语是人称代词，不能完全倒装。

部分倒装：将谓语的一部分（如助动词、情态动词）倒装置主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需要添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。

1. 句首为否定或半否定的词语时使用，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, no time, in no way, not until 等。

2. 用 not until 引出主从复合句时，主句倒装，从句不倒装。

3. 用 so, neither, nor表示“也（不）”时，使用部分倒装。

注意：当so引出的句子是为了对前文内容加以肯定或证实时，意为“的确如此”，则不可用倒装结构。