云片儿糕
坎儿井(Karez)是 新疆干旱地区的一种水利系统,由地下渠道将水井连接而成。该系统将春夏季节渗入; (seep into)地下的大量雨水及积雪融水收集起来,通过山体的自然坡度引到地面,用于灌溉农田和满足人们的日常用水需求。坎儿井减少了水在地面的蒸发(evaporation),对地表 破坏很小,因而有效地保护了自然资源与生态环境。坎儿井体现了我国人民与自然和谐共存的智慧,是对人类文明的一大贡献。Karez is a water conservancy system found in the dry region of Xinjiang, in which underground channels join wells together. The system collects a large amount of rainwater and melted snow water that seep underground, and drains the water to the ground by the natural mountain slope for the irrigation of fields and the daily use. Karez reduces the evaporation on the ground and does little harm to the surface,thus protecting natural resources and the ecological environment effectively. The system. embodies the Chinese wisdom that people and nature co-exist in harmony, and is well recognized as a major contribution to the human civilization.
迟到的春风
坎儿井:Karez。坎儿井是荒漠地区一特殊灌溉系统,普遍于中国新疆吐鲁番地区。坎儿井与万里长城、京杭大运河并称为中国古代三大工程。吐鲁番的坎儿井总数达1100多条,全长约5000公里。坎儿井与万里长城、京杭大运河并称为中国古代三大工程,古称“井渠”。是古代吐鲁番各族劳动群众,根据盆地地理条件、太阳辐射和大气环流的特点,经过长期生产实践创造出来的,是吐鲁番盆地利用地面坡度引用地下水的一种独具特色的地下水利工程。 吐鲁番坎儿井,出现在18世纪末叶。主要分布在吐鲁番盆地、哈密和禾垒地区,尤以吐鲁番地区最多,计有千余条,如果连接起来,长达5000公里,所以有人称之为“地下运河”。“坎儿”即井穴,是当地人民吸收内地“井渠法”创造的,它是把盆地丰富的地下潜流水,通过人工开凿的地下渠道,引上地灌溉、使用。 坎儿井的结构,大体上是由竖井、地下渠道、地面渠道和“涝坝”(小型蓄水池)四部分组成,吐鲁番盆地北部的博格达山和西部 的喀拉乌成山,春夏时节有大量积雪和雨水流下山谷,潜入戈壁滩下。人们利用山的坡度,巧妙地 创造了坎儿井,引地下潜流灌溉农田。坎儿并不因炎热、狂风而使水分大量蒸发,因而流量稳定,保证了自流灌溉。
优优来来
坎儿井是 新疆干旱地区的一种水利系统,由地下渠道将水井连接而成。该系统将春夏季节渗入; 地下的大量雨水及积雪融水收集起来,通过山体的自然坡度引到地面,用于灌溉农田和满足人们的日常用水需求。坎儿井减少了水在地面的蒸发,对地表 破坏很小,因而有效地保护了自然资源与生态环境。坎儿井体现了我国人民与自然和谐共存的智慧,是对人类文明的一大贡献。Karez is a water conservancy system found in the dry region of Xinjiang, in which underground channels join wells together. The system collects a large amount of rainwater and melted snow water that seep underground, and drains the water to the ground by the natural mountain slope for the irrigation of fields and the daily use. Karez reduces the evaporation on the ground and does little harm to the surface,thus protecting natural resources and the ecological environment effectively. The system. embodies the Chinese wisdom that people and nature co-exist in harmony, and is well recognized as a major contribution to the human civilization.
颂美装饰
坎儿井 Karez世界文化遗产 World Cultural Heritage今天这几个词你翻对了吗??看完今年的翻译,我们再来感受下往届神翻译吧!向上滑动查看答案与解析【参考译文】1. Longjing is a green tea, (which is) grown mainly in China's eastern coastal province Zhejiang.2. Longjing, a green tea, is produced mainly in Zhejiang Province on China's eastern coast. 【解析】看到“种”字,考生马上会想到kind / sort / type,把“一种绿茶”译成a kind of green tea。其实也可略去不译,直接简单译成a green tea,就像“一辆汽车”“两套房子”,就是a car,two houses。可见量词是汉语的特色,冠词是英语的特色。“主要产自”与前面的“是一种” 属并列关系,英译时转换为从句which is grown mainly in …,也可省略which is,使句子更简洁;也可如参考译文2,把“绿茶”处理成“龙井”的同位语结构。“中国东部沿海的浙江省”有多种译法,可译成Zhejiang Province in the coastal area in the East of China, 但连用三个介词,显得啰嗦;可简化成Zhejiang Province on the eastern coast of China(两个介词),或者译为Zhejiang, the eastern coastal area in China(一个介词),China's eastern coastal province Zhejiang(零介词)。写作文可以凑字数、增篇幅,至于翻译,只要通顺达意,简洁至上。
一口好锅
一、很书面化的“解说词”原文:坎儿井坎儿井(Karez)是新疆干旱地区的一-种水利系统,由地下渠道将水井连接而成。该系统将春夏季节渗入(seep into)地下的大量雨水及积雪融水收集起来,通过山体的自然坡度引到地面,用于灌溉农田和满足人们的日常用水需求。坎儿井减少了水在地面的蒸发(evaporation),对地表破坏很小,因而有效地保护了自然资源与生态环境。坎儿井体现了我国人民与自然和谐共存的智慧,是对人类文明的一大贡献。二、“口语化”“花式”汉译英:Karez is a system of wells widely used/popular in Xinjiang for its dry soil/land.The wells are connected/joined/linked together by underground channels.The wells collect water from rainfalls or melt snow seeping into the ground in spring and summer.The water is then introduced up to the ground surface through the natural slops of hills.The wells supply water for farming and for local people' daily use/consumption.Karez slows water on ground surface from going up in the air.It also does little harm to the surface.Both the natural resources and eco-environment are therefore under good protection.Karez is a good example that shows the wisdom of the Chinese people in living in harmony with nature in addition to a great/tremendous contribution to human civilization/the civilization of man/mankind.
三生皆缘
坎儿井的英文是:kariz; Care; karez;——— an irrigation system of wells connected by underground channel used in Xinjiang
许多人只知道坎儿井是一种井,当然与水有关,而且是新疆地区所独有的东西。
新疆的坎儿井,因地制宜,写就古代水利史别致的篇章。关于坎儿井,《史记河渠志》的材料是不应忽视的:汉武帝时的一项引洛工程,水渠要穿过商颜山。挑明沟开挖,塌方频频。于是,“乃凿井,深者四十余丈。往往为井,井下相通行水……并渠之生自此始。”利用竖井,开凿隧洞,可以避免塌方,同时若干竖井打下去,掘进工作面也是不少的。竖井深者达四十余丈,山高须井深,反映汉代掘井技术的发达。更可贵的,是“井渠之生自此始”。汉代的这项水利工程,将纵井与横渠结合起来,开创了暗渠联通明井的先例。这种竖井通渠之法,汉代时已在西域地区采用,并且一直沿用至今,它便是新疆的坎儿井.据《汉书。西域传下》,汉宣帝时:: “遣破羌将军辛武贤将兵万五千人到敦煌,遣使者案行表,穿卑提侯井以西,欲通渠转谷,积居庐仓以讨之。”三国时孟康注释“卑凝侯井”:“大井六,通渠也,下泉流涌出”。凿竖井六个,六井底端相通为暗渠。与此相印证,有居延汉简保留的史料:“井水五十步、阔二丈五、五(立)泉二尺五,上可治田,度给戍卒。”说的是,地下水渠连着的坎儿井。当时,这些关系着生命的水源,有成卒把守,居延汉简存有“当井陈弘”、“当井周捐”的记载。井水待汲,坎儿井改变了水井的汲取方式,将井与流水水道联通起来,就形成了输水系统。这种情况,古时各地都有运用。辽宁阜新市清河门辽代肖氏墓园遗址,60年代初发现眼水井,井壁与砖石砌筑的引水沟相通。井和沟的连接处,为一石雕螭(chī )首,石螭首口腔水孔朝向井内。
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