金弓木小火
1. come & be here [误] He has come here for three hours. [正] He came here three hours ago. [正] He has been here for three hours. come是瞬间动词，不是延续性动词，在肯定句中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。而要与表示一段时间的状语连用，就要用延续动词。 与此同类的还有borrow/lend-keep; join-be in/at; die-be dead; buy-have; leave-be away,etc. 2. cost & take & spend & pay [误] I cost a lot of time to read stories. [正] It cost me a lot of time to read stories. [正] I spent a lot of time reading stories. cost除了钱的花费以外，还能表示时间上的花费，但常用物做主语。spend句子主语是人，可指花费时间和金钱，但后面的动词要用-ing形式，后面也可跟名词短语，介词用on。pay句子主语是人，常与for连用，buy也常与for连用，但花费“钱”要放在介词for后面，而pay则放在介词for前面。 3. join & take part in [误] He joined the League for two years. [正] He joined the League two years ago. [正] He has been in the League for two years. [正] He has been a League member for two years. join指“参加”组织，成为一个成员，join sb.意思是“加入某人”，take part in指参加活动特别是大的运动；如指“参加…多长时间”就要用延续动词be in或be a …member，而不能用join。 4. borrow & lend & keep [误] She has lent me the book for a week. [正] She lent me the book a week ago. [正] It’s a week since she lent me the book. borrow和lend是短暂性动词，在肯定句里不和表示一段时间的状语连用，keep延续动词，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。 borrow意思是“借(进)”，后面跟介词from，lend意思是“借(出)”，后面跟介词to，lend也可用于某些成语中，如lend sb. a hand。 5. lie & lay & lain [误] She laid down the book and laid in bed. [正] She laid down the book and lay in bed. lie有两个意思，一个是“说谎”，过去式和过去分词是在词尾加-d；另一个是“躺，卧；位于”，是不规则动词，其过去式和过去分词是lay、lain，现在分词是lying。 lay意思是“放；孵(蛋)”，其过去式和过去分词是laid、laid。 6. be made in & be made of & be made from & be made up of [误] The table is made from wood. [正] The table is made of wood. be made in意思是“由……生产”，强调产地；be made of意思是“用……制成”，强调从成品上能看出原料，制成物没改变原料的本质；be made from意思也是“用……制成”，强调从制成物上看不出原料，制成物已改变原料的本质；be made up of意思是“由……构成或组成”，指人或物都可，指结构成分。 7. stop to do & stop doing [误] He was too tired, so he stopped having a rest. [正] He was too tired, so he stopped to have a rest. [误] Look! The teacher is coming. We must stop to talk. [正] Look! The teacher is coming. We must stop talking. stop to do意思是“停下(正做的事)(开始)去做(别的某事)”，带to的不定式在句子中作目的状语；stop doing意思“停止做某事(不做了)”，带-ing形式的动名词在句子中作宾语。 一、容易混淆的动词： [考试说明] 了解及物动词和不及物动词用法；掌握动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、状语以及疑问词连用构成不定式短语的基本用法；理解动词不定式作主语和定语的用法；初步掌握延续性动词和瞬间动词在用法上的区别等。 1. come & be here [误] He has come here for three hours. [正] He came here three hours ago. [正] He has been here for three hours. come是瞬间动词，不是延续性动词，在肯定句中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。而要与表示一段时间的状语连用，就要用延续动词。 与此同类的还有borrow/lend-keep; join-be in/at; die-be dead; buy-have; leave-be away,etc. 2. cost & take & spend & pay [误] I cost a lot of time to read stories. [正] It cost me a lot of time to read stories. [正] I spent a lot of time reading stories. cost除了钱的花费以外，还能表示时间上的花费，但常用物做主语。spend句子主语是人，可指花费时间和金钱，但后面的动词要用-ing形式，后面也可跟名词短语，介词用on。pay句子主语是人，常与for连用，buy也常与for连用，但花费“钱”要放在介词for后面，而pay则放在介词for前面。 3. join & take part in [误] He joined the League for two years. [正] He joined the League two years ago. [正] He has been in the League for two years. [正] He has been a League member for two years. join指“参加”组织，成为一个成员，join sb.意思是“加入某人”，take part in指参加活动特别是大的运动；如指“参加…多长时间”就要用延续动词be in或be a …member，而不能用join。 4. borrow & lend & keep [误] She has lent me the book for a week. [正] She lent me the book a week ago. [正] It’s a week since she lent me the book. borrow和lend是短暂性动词，在肯定句里不和表示一段时间的状语连用，keep延续动词，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。 borrow意思是“借(进)”，后面跟介词from，lend意思是“借(出)”，后面跟介词to，lend也可用于某些成语中，如lend sb. a hand。 5. lie & lay & lain [误] She laid down the book and laid in bed. [正] She laid down the book and lay in bed. lie有两个意思，一个是“说谎”，过去式和过去分词是在词尾加-d；另一个是“躺，卧；位于”，是不规则动词，其过去式和过去分词是lay、lain，现在分词是lying。 lay意思是“放；孵(蛋)”，其过去式和过去分词是laid、laid。 6. be made in & be made of & be made from & be made up of [误] The table is made from wood. [正] The table is made of wood. be made in意思是“由……生产”，强调产地；be made of意思是“用……制成”，强调从成品上能看出原料，制成物没改变原料的本质；be made from意思也是“用……制成”，强调从制成物上看不出原料，制成物已改变原料的本质；be made up of意思是“由……构成或组成”，指人或物都可，指结构成分。 7. stop to do & stop doing [误] He was too tired, so he stopped having a rest. [正] He was too tired, so he stopped to have a rest. [误] Look! The teacher is coming. We must stop to talk. [正] Look! The teacher is coming. We must stop talking. stop to do意思是“停下(正做的事)(开始)去做(别的某事)”，带to的不定式在句子中作目的状语；stop doing意思“停止做某事(不做了)”，带-ing形式的动名词在句子中作宾语。二、容易混淆的名词： [考试说明] 了解名词在句中所充当的成分，理解并能区别所学的可数名词和不可数名词；熟练掌握所学可数名词复数形式的构成，在口语和书面语的表达中正确运用；掌握物质名词及其数量的表达方法；了解专有名词的概念及一般用法；熟练掌握所学名词所有格的用法；了解集合名词和抽象名词的概念及一般用法。 1. job & work [误] I’m busy today, for I have a lot of jobs to do. [正] I’m busy today, for I have a lot of work to do. job意思是a piece of work，指已做或要做、应做的具体的某种工作，实际含义是“职业”，而work通常指抽象意义上的工作，是不可数名词，也可指“工作场所”。 2. by train & change trains [误] We came here by the train. [正] We came here by train. [正] We came here on/in the train. [误] We have to change the train at the next station. [正] We have to change trains at the next station. train意思是“火车”，表示“乘火车”，用by train或on/ the train，表示“换火车”，train必须用复数形式，且前面不加限定词。三、容易混淆的形容词： [考试说明] 熟练掌握形容词作定语、表语及宾语补足语的用法；熟练掌握表示时间、地点、方式、程度、原因等疑问副词的用法；熟练掌握形容词、副词比较等级的构成和 good、well、many、much等不规则变化；掌握little、far、ill、bad、badly等不规则变化；能熟练运用下列句型表示两者 (人或事物)和三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比较；初步掌握用much、little等副词在用法上的区别。 1. any & some [误] Have you got some money with you? [正] Have you got any money with you? [误] Would you like any milk? [正] Would you like some milk? any和some意思是“一些”，用作定语，可修饰可数名词和不可数名词。any多用于否定句和疑问句，some多用于肯定句。 但如果说话人表示“请求，提议”或“希望得到肯定回答”的意义时，some也可用在疑问句中；some还可用于单数名词前，表示未知或说话人不想特别说明的人、地、物等，意思是“某一，某个”。 如果表示“任何，无论哪个”时，any可用在肯定句中。 2. either & each & both & neither & every [误] There are many flowers on either side of the street. [误] There are many flowers on neither side of the street. [误] There are many flowers on each sides of the street. [正] There are many flowers on both sides of the street. [正] There are many flowers on each side of the street. [误] Every student has not finished their homework. [正] No student has finished their homework. either意思是“两者之一的”，each意思是“任意一个的”，neither意思是“两者都不的”，every强调整体，意思是“个个”。 3. few/little & a few /a little [误] Sorry, I have few money on me. [正] Sorry, I have little money on me. [误] Her books are few. [正] She has few books. [误] The work needs a few number of workers. [正] The work needs a small number of workers. [正] The work needs a few workers. few后跟可数名词复数，little后跟不可数名词，都表示“几乎没有”的否定性意思；a few和a little区别也在于前者跟可数名词，后者跟不可数名词，都表示“有几个”的肯定性意思。 4. no & not no意思是“没有”，可以否定一切名词，修饰不可数名词和可数名词的复数时等于not any，修饰可数名词单数时等于not a/an；如果被修饰的名词通常情况下只有一个，则用它的单数形式；不能用a、the、all、every等限制词之前，而not可以。 not意思是“不，不是”，可以否定一切动词，修饰动词。 no more than意思是“不过，仅仅”，相当于only，修饰“数量”词，强调“少”的含义；not more than意思是“至多，不多于，不超过”，用于陈述事实；no more…than和not more…than多用于多音节形容词的比较级。 5. already & yet & still [误] When we arrived at the airport, the plane had taken off yet. [正] When we arrived at the airport, the plane had taken off already. [正] When we arrived at the airport, the plane had already taken off. already意思是“已经”，一般用于肯定句，常与完成时连用，常用于句中；yet意思是“已经，还”，一般用于否定句和疑问句，常用于句末；still意思是“仍然，还是”，强调动作在进行，主要用于肯定句，常用于句中。 6. also & too & either & so & neither & nor [误] My parents didn’t like swimming, nor did his. [正] My parents didn’t like swimming, neither did his. also用于肯定句，一般放在行为动词之前、助动词、情态动词、系动词之后，too一般用于肯定句末，前面常用逗号；either一般用于否定句末，前面也用逗号；so置于句首，引起句子倒装，表示前面所讲的情况也适用于另一个人或物，具有否定的意思；so后的主语与前一句主语是同一个人或物时，后面的主谓不倒装，表示“确实如此”；neither置于句首，引起句子倒装，表示前面所讲的情况不适用于另一个人或物，具有否定的意思；nor常与 not连用，表示“也不”，neither和nor都可用来对前面的否定陈述加以补充，如果补充的成分否定的不是同一事物，同一内容，就只能用nor，不可用neither；当否定的并列分句有两个以上时，只能用nor，因为neither只能指两者中的一个，nor指三个以上的另一个。 7. sometimes & sometime & some time & some times [误] You can only keep the book for sometime. [正] You can only keep the book for some time. sometimes是频度副词，意思是“有时，不时”，常与一般现在时或一般过去时连用；sometime是副词，意思是“在某个不确定的时间，在某个时候，某时”，可与将来时或过去时连用；some time是名词词组，意思是“一段时间”，做时间状语，也可用作副词词组，用来指一个未肯定的时刻，常指将来，此时可与sometime通用；some times是名词词组，意思是“几次，几倍”。四、容易混淆的介词： [考试说明] 熟练掌握介词in、on、at、to、from、by、with、for、about、before的常见用法；理解这11个介词的其他用法及所学其他介词的一般用法。 1. above & over; below & under [误] Our classroom is over theirs. [正] Our classroom is above theirs. [误] The plane flew above the bridge. [正] The plane flew over the bridge. [误] The lights hung above the desk. [正] The lights hung over the desk. above、over都表示“在…上面”，且都表示表面不接触的上方，但over指垂直在上，而above则表示位置较高，不一定是正上方。 below、under都表示“在…下面”，below指位置低于某物或在某物的下方，但不一定在某物的正下方，其反义词是above，而under指在某物的正下方，有垂直在下的意思，其反义词是over。 2. by & on & over & through [误] They’re talking on the radio. [正] They’re talking by radio. “通过无线电交谈”习惯上说talk by radio，名词前不加冠词。 “通过收音机听到”习惯上说hear sth. on/over/through the radio，名词前加冠词。 “通过电视看到”习惯上说watch sth. on TV。 “通过电话交谈”习惯上说talk with sb. on/over the telephone。 “通过人造卫星收发电视节目”习惯上说through man-made satellites。 3. in & on & to [误] Tian wan is to the east of China. [误] Tian wan is on the east of China. [正] Tian wan is in the east of China. 表示方位“在……(东西南北)边)时，介词in、on、to有不同的用法。以“在……东部”为例，表示在该地范围之内，用in the east of，表示在该地与某地“相邻”，有接壤之意，用on the east of，表示不在该地范围，且有中间物，用to the east of。 4. in the end & at the end of & by the end of & at last 都有“最后”的意思，但in the end表示“结果，末了”，与at last是同义词组，at the end of表示“在……末端，尽头”，后面要接名词短语，by the end of表示“在……结束时，末了为止”，后面接时间短语。 5. to & for & toward(s) [误] He is leaving to HongKong next month. [正] He is leaving for HongKong next month. to，toward(s)作静态介词，表示静态位置时，均表示“朝……”或“向……”，一般两者可通用，towards指时间“将近”，意思是 nearly；to则表示一段时间的终点，“差……到”的意思；for常用在leave、start等后面，表示要去的目的地，不可用to。五、容易混淆的连词： [考试说明] 掌握并列连词(如：and、but、or)和从属连词(如：when、if、that等)的基本用法。 1. because & since & as & for [误] Because he was ill, so he didn’t go to school today. [正] Because he was ill, he didn’t go to school today. [正] He didn’t go to school today because he was ill. because通常表示说话人认为这种理由或原因是正式的理由。在含because的句子中，全句强调的重点在原因上，不在主句的结果上。因此，回答why提出的问题时，只能用because，不能用since、as或for。because of后面只能跟短语，不能跟从句。 since表示的原因，指人们已知的事实，常译为“既然”，引导的从句只是一种附带的说明原因，不是对原因的强调。because与since不能与so连用。 as表示原因与since差别不大，只是语气更弱，是显而易见的理由。 for表示因果关系时，可与because替换使用，所不同的只是它只能放在主句之后，不能放在句首。在含for的句子里，for从句有时只是对主句补充说明理由或推断原因，与前一分句不存在因果关系。 2.either…or… & neither…nor… & not only…but also… & both…and… [误] Either he or I are right. [正] Either he or I am right. 前三个连词连接名词、代词等作主语时，谓语动词要与离其最近的主语的单复数一致，both…and…的谓语动词则要用复数。 六、容易混淆的代词： [考试说明] 熟练掌握人称代词主格、宾格形式及基本用法，在口语和书面语的表达中正确运用；掌握形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的基本用法；掌握反身代词作为宾语和同位语的基本用法；熟练掌握指示代词和疑问代词的基本用法。 1. either & each & none & neither & both & all & some [误] Either of the books are good. [正] Either of the books is good. either/ each / none / neither of+复数名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数， 其中neither的也可用复数；both/ all /some of+复数名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数
成都囡囡
look一般跟look at 连用，see为看到，watch为注视，read为读speak为说+语言，tell为讲述 say引出要说的话 talk意为谈话穿上，指动作。 打扮be dressed固定搭配 穿着（状态） 使动用法几乎没区别job指实体工作，而且只有名词。 work有动词，声音 喉音 燥声带来 带走 去拿来，有去和来的动作 指搬运，一般指重物不单独用 指其他人或物 两者中的另一个 除了所指的外所有同一类中的另一个which可用 that也可用，that可引导定语从句，状语从句补充一句，就你的提问来看，你可能就上初一的样子，最多了。哇哇哇，写得好不容易，给我追加分数吧！
牙牙的美食美刻
on the understanding that 以…为条件on the understanding 在这种条件下---------------------in full uniform 穿着一套军礼服out of uniform 穿着便服---------------------the United States/U.S. 美国---------------------not…until 直到…才---------------------up and down 上上下下;忽上忽下---------------------up to 从事;忙于What is up? 什么事?---------------------come into use 开始被使用make use of 利用;使用out of use 不在使用’废弃of no use 没有用put to use 使用use up 用完;用光;耗尽---------------------be used to (doing) sth .习惯于used to (do sth.) (过去)常常---------------------as usual 像平常一样---------------------beyond the veil 在来世;在死后的未知世界draw a veil over 遮掩;隐瞒take the veil 做修女---------------------at a venture 随便地;碰运气地;胡乱地 Nothing venture, nothing have.<谚>不入虎穴,焉得虎子. ---------------------bring sb. to the verge of 使某人濒于…. On the verge of 濒于…,接近于 ---------------------do violence to 损害;污辱;侵害;违犯;扭曲事实 ---------------------have visions of 想象到;幻想 see visions 能预卜未来;做先知 ---------------------pay sb. a visit 拜访某人 ---------------------at the top of one′s voice 高声地 be out of one′s voice 嗓子不好 lift up /raise one′s voice 提高嗓门;高声叫喊;大声疾呼;抗议 ---------------------lie in/lay wait for 埋伏以待;准备出其不意地袭击 wait and see 等待着 wait for 等待;等候 wait on 服侍 wait up <口>熬夜等待 ---------------------wake sb. up 某人 wake up 醒来 ---------------------have a walk 散步 go for a walk 去散步 ---------------------the Great Wall 长城---------------------for want of 因为缺乏….In want of 需要…---------------------at war (with ) (同…)进入作战状态;(同…)不和declare war (on) (对…)宣战;(对…)发动战争go to war进入作战状态;开始;从军作战---------------------wash down 冲洗wash up 洗手洗脸;洗餐具---------------------keep (a) watch on 注意watch out (for ) 密切注意;戒备;提防watch over 监督;照管---------------------by water 由水路get into hot water 陷入困境---------------------be wax in sb′s hands 任人操纵摆布mould sb. like wax 任意摆布某人;使某人惟鸣是丛---------------------by the way 顺便说;附带说说;再路上by way of 经由;通过…的方式;用作find one′s way 摸索着前进find one′s/the way (to )设法到达(某处);努力达到(…)get in the way 挡住去路;妨碍give way 撤退;让路；坍塌go a ling way 有很大作用;大有帮助in a way 再某种意义上;再某点上lead the way 引路;带路;示范lose one′s way 迷路make way (for) 前进;让路;腾出地方(或)位置make one′s way前进;成功;前往on the .one′s way (to) 再途中under way 在进行中;再前进中---------------------wear away 磨损;磨灭wear off 磨损;擦掉;逐渐减少wear out 穿破;用坏;(使)疲乏;(使)耗尽---------------------grow like weeds 蔓延得想野草一样---------------------as well 也;一样as well as 除…之外(也);和…一样may as well 不妨;还是…的好wish sb. well 祝某人成功(或)走运---------------------What about…? ….怎么样?What for 为何目的What is sb./ sth. like ? 某人(后某物)是个什么样(或事物)---------------------whether…or 是…还是…; 不管…还是… ---------------------after a while 过一会儿in a short while 一会儿once in a while 偶尔;间或while away 消磨(时间)worth one′s while 值得某人(花时间\经历)---------------------as clean as a whistle 非常洁净;洁白无罪;毫无麻烦地;容易地blow the whistle(on)告发；揭发；使停下来 let sb. go whistle 不顾某人的意愿；是某人失望pay dear for one′s whistle 为图一时高兴而付很大代价;得不偿失wet one′s whistle 喝杯酒；润喉whistle for 吹哨召唤；空想；痴心妄想---------------------as a whole ---------------------（作为）整体地；全部地on the whole 从全体来看；总之---------------------far and wide 普遍；到处---------------------against one′swill 不情愿地；违心地at will 好意ill will 恶意of one′s own (free)will 出于自愿---------------------wipe out 擦掉消灭wipe up 把…擦感---------------------at (one′s) wits′ end 智穷计尽；全然不知所措have/keep one′s wits about one 警觉；保持头脑清醒或冷静live by one′s wits 靠耍小聪明过日子；东拼西凑过日子set one′s wits to sb′s 跟别人斗智；跟别人争执set one′s wits to sth. 开动脑筋---------------------bear witness to 构成…的证据为…作证；证明---------------------a wolf in sheep′s clothing 披着羊皮的豺狼；伪装友善的敌人；口蜜腹剑的人cry wolf 喊“狼来了”have/hole a wolf by ears 骑虎难下keep the wolf from the door < 口>免于贫困（或）挨饿see a wolf 张口结舌；说不话来the big bad wolf 令人恐怖的人或物throw to the wolves 送入虎口；置…险境wake a sleeping wolf 自找麻烦---------------------break one′sword 食言；失信have a word with sb. 与某人说话in a wore 总之；简言之in other words 换句话说；也就是说word for word 逐字地take sb. at his word相信某人说的是真话---------------------at work 在工作；在干活；在起用get to work 着手工作out of work 失业work hard 努力工作work out 想出；解决；（被）算出；理解；耗尽work up 逐步发展---------------------in the world 世界上；竟然；到底---------------------worry about 担心…---------------------worse and worse 越来越糟；每况愈下---------------------at (the )worst 在最坏的情况下---------------------be worth(doing) 值得做某事for all one is worth 尽力；拼命---------------------would rather/sooner 宁愿；宁可---------------------be wrapped up in 全神贯注在；埋头于；被…迷住；和….发生关系wrap up 包起来；裹起来；穿的暖和；掩盖；隐藏；完成；结束；别吵；住嘴；严重损坏---------------------write down 写下；记下；写下文章诋毁write off 勾销；注销；轻而一举地写成write out （正式）写；写出write to 写给…---------------------at this present writing 写本文或书时commit to writing 记下来；写下来the writing on the wall 灾祸降临时的预兆；不详之兆---------------------be wrong with 做错…do sb. wrong 虐待某人do wrong 犯罪；违法；犯过错go wrong 走错路；走入歧途；失足；弄错；失败；（机器等）发生鼓掌；出毛病in the wrong 错；不对；应付责任---------------------all the year round 一年到头year in /and year out 年复一年地；一年又一年---------------------as yet 迄今为止；到目前为止not yet 还没有；尚未---------------------in one′s youth 在青年时代---------------------cram /force/ram/shove/thrust/down sb′s throat 强迫某人接受（意见、观点等）；反复向某人；灌输cut each other′s /one another′s throats 相互残杀cut one′s own throat 自杀；自取灭亡lie in one′s throat 说大谎；胡说八道stick in sb′s throat 骨鲠在某人喉头；使人难以接受；使人说不出话来---------------------throw about 乱丢；乱扔；挥霍throw away 扔掉throw off 脱去；去掉；摆脱掉throw oneself into 投身于；积极从事throw out 抛出；扔掉---------------------thrust oneself forward 出风头thrust oneself in 强行闯入；强行介入thrust out 推出；逐出---------------------be all sb′s thumbs 笨手笨脚bite one′s thumb at sb 蔑视某人；侮辱某人keep one ′s thumb on 保守…的秘密stick/stand out like a sore thumb 显得十分不自然；惹人注目under sb′s thumbs 受人支配；受人压制---------------------（as）black as thunder 面带怒容；非常生气；脸色阴森steal sb′s thunder （ 窃取某人的思想、方法、发明创造而）抢先发表或利用；赶在某人的前头；枪去某人的成功---------------------in two ticks 一瞬间；一转眼；一会饵on /to the tick 极为准时地tick off 打上记号勾掉tick over 慢转；空转；（事业等）进展缓慢；（生活等）勉强过得去；平平淡淡---------------------go against the tide 逆潮流；不随大流go with the tide 顺潮流；随大流 swim with the tide 随波逐流、随大流tide over <口>（使）克服（困难）；使度过（难关、危机等）turn the tide 改变形势；改变局面使事态急转直下---------------------tie up 捆绑；包扎；阻碍；联合---------------------all the time 一直；始终at a time 一次at the same time 同时at times 有时for the time being 暂时have a good time 玩得愉快in time 及时；最后；终于 on time 准时once upon a time 从前out of time 不和时宜；过了规定时间take one ′s tine 不着急；不慌忙---------------------tip over （使）翻倒---------------------be tired of 厌倦…；厌烦… ---------------------(as)warm as (a ) toast 暖烘烘的；很温暖 from top to toe 从头倒脚；完完全全 on one ′s toes 精神振奋；机警 step/tread on one′s toes 伤害某人感情；触怒某人 ---------------------toilet paper 卫生纸 ---------------------the day after tomorrow 后天 ---------------------hole one′s tongue 不开口；（用于祈使语气）不要讲话；安静 ---------------------too…to 太…而不能 ---------------------from top to bottom 从上到下；彻底地 on top of 在…上面；完全控（或掌握）着 ---------------------carry a /the torch for 单恋；单相思；为…奋斗 hand/pass on the torch 把知识文化的火炬传给后代 ---------------------argue the toss 作无谓的争执；争论已决定的事情 lose the toss 在掷钱币中失败 toss off 一口喝干（酒）；毫不费力的做出；一口气做完 toss out 丢弃；扔掉；拒绝接受；淘汰；驱除；开除 toss up 一下子做好（菜等）;掷钱（以决定某事） win the toss 在掷钱中获胜 ---------------------keep in touch (with) （与…）保持联系 out of touch 不联系；不接触 touch up 修改；润色---------------------in tow 紧跟着；被拖着；在严密的指导下；受某人控制on tow 被拖着---------------------town hall 市政厅；镇公所---------------------double on one′s trace 故意弄乱脚印（以逃避追捕）；搅乱踪迹（使人迷惑）---------------------keep track of 记录；与…保持联系lose track 失去联系on the track of sb.跟踪着某人；掌握着某人行动的线索off the track 离题；出轨；牵引车track down 追捕到；追查到---------------------traffic accident 交通事故traffic jam 交通阻塞traffic lights 交通灯；红绿灯---------------------blaze a /the trail （在森林中）在树上克出指路的标志；开辟道路hit the trail 出发；立即走开off the trail 失去臭迹或线索；迷失；离题on the trail 寻找；找到臭迹或线索---------------------catch a train 赶上火车change trains 换乘火车luggage train 行李车passenger train 旅客列车；客车---------------------training school 职业（培训学校）---------------------traveler′s check 旅行支票---------------------treat sb. as 把某人当作…---------------------bring sb. to trial 审判某人give a trial 试用（某人）；试一试on trial （指人）在试用期间；（指物）在实验中stand trial (for) （因...）受审判---------------------in trim 穿着整齐；健康---------------------ask for trouble 自找麻烦；自讨苦吃get into trouble 招致不幸；陷入困境；遭受处罚；（使）未嫁怀孕；被捕；坐牢take (the) trouble 费力；奋力---------------------come true (梦想等)实现---------------------to tell the truth （用作插入语）老实话---------------------try for 谋求；争取try on 试穿try one′s best 尽力；尽量try out 试用；实验；试试看---------------------put off v. 推迟, 拖延, 搪塞, 使分心, 使厌恶, 扔掉, 脱掉, 劝阻 ---------------------put away v. 放好, 储存...备用, 处理掉, 放弃, 抛弃 ---------------------put up v. 举起, 抬起, 进行, 提供, 表现出, 建造, 提名, 推举 ---------------------put aside v. 撇开, 储存...备用 ---------------------in time adv. 及时 ---------------------on time adv. 准时 in no time adv. 立刻 ---------------------at one time adv. 同时, 曾经 ---------------------at a time adv. 每次, 在某时 ---------------------turn out v. 打扫, 驱逐, 使外倾, 生产, 起床, 翻出, 制造, 关掉 ---------------------turn up v. 找到, 发现, 出现, 折起, 拐入, 卷起, 使仰卧, 突然发生 ---------------------turn on v. 开启, 变得兴奋, 突然装出, 开始 ---------------------turn on v. 开启, 变得兴奋, 突然装出, 开始 ---------------------turn over v. 打翻, 营业额达到, 周转, 移交给, 反复考虑, 翻身, 折腾, 翻阅 ---------------------pass on v. 去世, 传递 ---------------------hand in v. 交上 ---------------------make out v. 书写, 填写, 拼凑, 进展, 说明, 设法应付, 理解, 辨认出 做,了解 ---------------------go into v. 进入, 加入, 探究, 变得 ---------------------join in v. 参加,加入 ---------------------be in 到达, 执政 ---------------------come into v. 进入, 得到, 继承 继承,取得 ---------------------take on v. 披上, 呈现, 具有, 雇用, 承担, 盛气凌人, 接纳, 流行 ---------------------take down v. 拿下, 记下, 拆卸, 病倒 ---------------------take in v. 接受, 接待, 吸收, 理解, 包括, 轻信, 注意到, 欺骗 take back v. 送还, 接回, 取消, 使回忆起 ---------------------one after another adv. 接连地 ---------------------by turns adv. 轮流, 交替 ---------------------right away adv. 立刻 ---------------------step by step adv 逐步地 ---------------------associate with v 联合 ---------------------relate to v. 涉及 ---------------------devote to 把...献给 把...专用于 ---------------------break off v. 中断, 折断, 突然停止, 脱落, 暂停, 断绝, 解除 ---------------------break in v. 训练, 使合用, 闯入, 打断, 开始工作 ---------------------break into v. 破门而入, 侵占 ---------------------break out v. 突发, 爆发, 叫嚷, 使作准备, 取出, 倒空, <口>把...备好待用 ---------------------break through v. 突围, 突破 ---------------------take up v. 拿起, 开始从事, 继续, 吸收, 责备, 拘留, 占据, 认购 ---------------------take on v. 披上, 呈现, 具有, 雇用, 承担, 盛气凌人, 接纳, 流行 ---------------------take over v. 把...从一地带到另一地, 接收, 接管 ---------------------take out v. 拿出, 取出, 去掉, 出发, 取得, 扣除, 抵充, 发泄 ---------------------even though adv. 即使 ---------------------so long as adv. 只要 ---------------------just as adv. 正象 ---------------------now that 既然 ---------------------count for 价值 ---------------------account for v. 说明, 占, 解决, 得分 ---------------------make for v. (尤指匆匆地)走向, 有利于, 倾向于, 导致 向前进,有助于 ---------------------go for v. 去找, 努力获取, 被认为, 主张, 拥护 ---------------------run over v. 跑过去, 溢出, 超过限度, 匆匆看, 辗过, 扼要复述, 放送(录音磁带等至完) ---------------------run out of v. 用完 ---------------------run in v. 跑进, 顺便探访, 插入, 拘留, 使不间断, 试车, 使当选 ---------------------run into v. 跑进, 撞上, 偶遇, 陷入, 达到 ---------------------run up to v. 跑到, 达到, 积累到 ---------------------run up v. 向上跑, 赶制, 迅速积累, 抬高, 高涨, 高速运转, 助跑 ---------------------no sooner than adv. 一...就 ---------------------burn for 切望获得 渴望 ---------------------burn off 烧掉, 蒸发 ---------------------burn down v. 烧为平地, 火力减弱 ---------------------in that 由于, 因为 既然 ---------------------except that n. 除了...之外, 只可惜 ---------------------except for adv. 除...以外 ---------------------in the way adv. 挡道 ---------------------in the way of 关于...方面 ---------------------set off v. 出发, 动身, 使爆炸, 引起, 使爆发, 抵销, 分开, 衬托 ---------------------pay off v. 还清(债务等)付清, 报复, 赢利 ---------------------see off 送行 ---------------------call off v. 叫走, 放弃, 使转移走, 依次叫名 ---------------------get over v. 爬过, 克服, 熬过, 恢复, 原谅 ---------------------get up v. 起床 ---------------------get into v. 进入, 陷入, 穿上 ---------------------get in v. 进入, 到达, 收获, 插入, 陷入 ---------------------get down v. (从...)下来, 吞下, 写下, 使沮丧 ---------------------put up v. 举起, 抬起, 进行, 提供, 表现出, 建造, 提名, 推举 ---------------------object to 反对 ---------------------pass on v. 去世, 传递 ---------------------call on v. 号召, 呼吁, 邀请, 访问, 指派, 要(学生)回答问题 ---------------------even if conj. 即使 ---------------------if only adv. 只要 ---------------------instead of adv. 代替, 而不是... ---------------------knock about 接连打击(指拳击), (浪等)反复冲击(船只) (物等)碰撞 ---------------------粗暴对待(=knock around) [口]到处流浪, 漫游 ---------------------knock in (把钉子)钉入 ---------------------knock out v. 敲空, 击倒, 打破, 破坏, 使筋疲力竭 ---------------------knock over v. 打翻, 搜查, 吃掉 ---------------------knock up v. <英口>(使)筋疲力尽, (使)累垮 ---------------------so as adv. 只要 ---------------------so that conj. 所以 , 因要 ---------------------put into v. 使进入, 把...翻译成, 在...上种植 ---------------------take into account v. 重视, 考虑 ---------------------put into effect 实行, 实施, 使生效, 实现 ---------------------keep in v. 抑制, 隐瞒, 隐藏, 继续燃烧 ---------------------bring to mind v. 想起 ---------------------at rest adv. 安眠, 长眠, 静止 ---------------------to return [用作插入语]言归正传 ---------------------by and by adv. 不久以后 ---------------------all over adv. 全部结束, 到处, 浑身, <口>完全象 ---------------------at present adv. 现在, 目前 ---------------------give up v. 放弃(念头、希望等), 停止, 抛弃, 认输, 把...送交, <口>对...绝望(=give up) ---------------------either or 不是...就是..., ...或... ---------------------neither nor 既不...也不...
pangdaxiang
1、confusion
读音：英［kənˈfjuːʒn]，美［kənˈfjuːʒn]。
释义：n. 混乱；混淆；困惑；不确定；混同；困窘；尴尬；局促不安；混乱局面，乱成一团。
例句：The climate of political confusion has only reinforced the country's economic decline.
政局混乱只加速了国家经济的衰退。
变形：复数confusions。
2、disorder
读音：英［dɪsˈɔːdə（r)]，美［dɪsˈɔːrdər]。
释义：
n. 混乱；紊乱；疾病；失调；杂乱；凌乱；骚乱；动乱；不适。
v. 使混乱；使（身心等）失调。
例句：Wine cups and dishes lay about in disorder in the room.
屋里杯盘狼藉。
变形：复数disorders。
3、chaos
读音：英［ˈkeɪɒs]，美［ˈkeɪɑːs]。
释义：n. 混乱；杂乱；紊乱。
例句：Fighting had broken out and all was chaos and confusion.
战斗爆发了，一切都陷入了混乱不堪的状态。
4、tumult
读音：英［ˈtjuːmʌlt]，美［ˈtuːmʌlt]。
释义：n. 骚乱；骚动；混乱；喧哗；心烦意乱；思绪不宁。
例句：A condition of noisy excitement and confusion; tumult.
骚动，骚乱喧嚷激动和疑惑的状态；混乱。
变形：复数tumults。
5、muddle
读音：英［ˈmʌdl]，美［ˈmʌdl]。
释义：
n. 糊涂；混乱；困惑；乱七八糟；茫然；（局面）一团糟。
vt. 弄乱；搅混；使困惑；使糊涂；混淆；分不清。
例句：Don't muddle her with too many suggestions.
别提那么多建议把她搞糊涂了。
变形：第三人称单数muddles，现在分词muddling，过去式muddled，过去分词muddled。
