弥尔顿作品中英文

一、《失乐园》讲述诗中叛逆之神撒旦，因为反抗上帝的权威被打入地狱，却毫不屈服，为复仇寻至伊甸园。亚当与夏娃受被撒旦附身的蛇的引诱，偷吃了上帝明令禁吃的知识树上的果子。最终，撒旦及其同伙遭谴全变成了蛇，亚当与夏娃被逐出了伊甸园。二、作品简介：《失乐园》是英国政治家、学者约翰·弥尔顿创作的史诗。《失乐园》讲述诗中叛逆之神撒旦，因为反抗上帝的权威被打入地狱，却毫不屈服，为复仇寻至伊甸园。亚当与夏娃受被撒旦附身的蛇的引诱，偷吃了上帝明令禁吃的知识树上的果子。最终，撒旦及其同伙遭谴全变成了蛇，亚当与夏娃被逐出了伊甸园。该作说明人类从不识不知的原始社会进入生产劳动的文明社会，必须依靠知识和劳动。同时，宇宙间本身就有正反相对、相互矛盾的两种势力存在，人类历史上也反复出现过变革、斗争的流血事件，出现过失乐园的悲剧。《失乐园》与荷马的《荷马史诗》、阿利盖利·但丁的《神曲》并称为西方三大诗歌。三、创作背景：17世纪英国资本主义发展取得了重大的进步。然而，这个时期的封建王权专制严重阻碍了英国资本主义的发展。弥尔顿作为清教徒在这样一个激烈的社会改革和时代变迁的转型期，他作为一名革命主义者，愿将自己的喜悦和经历奉献给他深爱的祖国。他反对王权专制为史诗巨作的成功做好了充分的准备。1660年王朝复辟后，这时的弥尔顿已经双目失明，变得衰老、落魄，希望用他的诗能表现出他心中一直渴望实现的雄心壮志。他在极端恶劣的环境下，在敌人的严密监视下，用隐蔽的讽喻和满腔的革命激情写下了《失乐园》。《失乐园》选择的主题来自英美文学思想的根基—《圣经》。《失乐园》的大部分创作是在封建王权复辟后完成的。但是弥尔顿从19岁就开始思考主题的选择和史诗的内容。《失乐园》的主题节选于《圣经·旧约》中的《创世纪》。四、作者简介：约翰·弥尔顿（John Milton，1608年12月9日～1674年11月8日）英国诗人、政论家，民主斗士，英国文学史上伟大的六大诗人之一。代表作品有长诗《失乐园》、《复乐园》和《力士参孙》。1625年，弥尔顿入剑桥大学，并开始写诗。大学毕业后又攻读了文学6年。1638年，弥尔顿到欧洲游历。1640年英国革命爆发，弥尔顿毅然投身于革命运动之中，并发表了5本有关宗教自由的小册子，1644年，弥尔顿又为争取言论自由而写了《论出版自由》。1649年，革命胜利后的英国成立共和国，弥尔顿发表了《论国王与官吏的职权》等文，以巩固革命政权。1660年，英国封建王朝复辟，弥尔顿被捕入狱，不久被释放，此后他专心写诗。

1、弥尔顿的主要作品如下：《失乐园》、《复乐园》和《斗士参孙》。2、作品简介①《失乐园》借人类始祖亚当、夏娃受撤旦引诱堕落而被逐出乐园的故事，揭示基督教“原罪”观念，提倡人类应以现实的态度勇于承担尘世生活的重担，以赎罪拯救自身。②《复乐园》用耶稣战胜撤旦种种诱惑而恢复乐园的故事，说明人类如能完善自身品格，定可战胜种种磨难，得到拯救。③《斗士参孙》借悲剧人物参孙中计、被囚、失明、饱受凌辱、不惜生命报仇雪耻的经历，申诉了弥尔顿自己的政治遭遇和理想信念，颂扬了为高尚事业而斗争的坚韧不拔的品格和不惜牺牲自己的救赎精神。3、弥尔顿简介约翰·弥尔顿（John Milton,1608～1674）英国诗人、政论家，民主斗士，英国文学史上最伟大的六大诗人之一。弥尔顿是清教徒文学的代表，他的一生都在为资产阶级民主运动而奋斗，代表作《失乐园》与荷马的《荷马史诗》、阿利盖利·但丁的《神曲》并称为西方三大诗歌。

III. John Milton 1. Life: educated at Cambridge—visiting the continent—involved into the revolution—persecuted—writing epics. 2. Literary career. (1) The 1st period was up to 1641, during which time he is to be seen chiefly as a son of the humanists and Elizabethans, although his Puritanism is not absent. L'Allegre and IL Pens eroso (1632) are his early masterpieces, in which we find Milton a true offspring of the Renaissance, a scholar of exquisite taste and rare culture. Next came Comus, a masque. The greatest of early creations was Lycidas, a pastoral elegy on the death of a college mate, Edward King. (2) The second period is from 1641 to 1654, when the Puritan was in such complete ascendancy that he wrote almost no poetry. In 1641, he began a long period of pamphleteering for the puritan cause. For some 15 years, the Puritan in him alone ruled his writing. He sacrificed his poetic ambition to the call of the liberty for which Puritans were fighting. (3) The third period is from 1655 to 1671, when humanist and Puritan have been fused into an exalted entity. This period is the greatest in his literary life, epics and some famous sonnets. The three long poems are the fruit of the long contest within Milton of Renaissance tradition and his Puritan faith. They form the greatest accomplishments of any English poet except Shakespeare. In Milton alone, it would seem, Puritanism could not extinguish the lover of beauty. In these works we find humanism and Puritanism merged in magnificence. 3. Major Works (1) Paradise Lost a. the plot. b. characters. c. theme: justify the ways of God to man. (2) Paradise Regained. (3) Samson Agonistes. 4. Features of Milton’s works. (1) Milton is one of the very few truly great English writers who is also a prominent figure in politics, and who is both a great poet and an important prose writer. The two most essential things to be remembered about him are his Puritanism and his republicanism. (2) Milton wrote many different types of poetry. He is especially a great master of blank verse. He learned much from Shakespeare and first used blank verse in non-dramatic works. (3) Milton is a great stylist. He is famous for his grand style noted for its dignity and polish, which is the result of his life-long classical and biblical study. (4) Milton has always been admired for his sublimity of thought and majesty of expression.