学术英语理工类

我给你Text1 的。。。Text 1 How Do Computer Hackers “Get Inside” a Computer? Abstract： Computer vulnerabilities are often utilized by hackers or crackers. The security of each computer is challenging. This paper firstly redefines the term “hacker”, “cracker” and “getting inside” the computers and describes the procedure in detail. The term “unauthorized user” (UU) will be a better choice for defining the insider group. The known and unknown vulnerabilities will be taken advantage of by UUs ranging from poor password protection to leaving a computer turned on and physically accessible to visitors in the office. The first step of employing technical exploits will be the determination of the specifications of the target system. There are two ways of attacking including being through capabilities inherent in hypertext transfer protocol (http) and being preprogrammed against specific vulnerabilities and launched without any specific target. The variability of hacking action including the weak system and the strong system warns the users to choose the right way to protect the computer and do not authorize the computer to others easily. Lastly, the solution of avoiding vulnerabilities has been given, including updating patches, making complex passwords, getting information only from the reliable websites or services, updating anti-virus software and backing up the data to protect the computer not being hacked. 摘要： 计算机漏洞经常被黑客破解使用。每台计算机的安全性都在承受挑战。本文首先重新定义了术语“电脑狂人”、“黑客”和“进入计算机内部”，并详细描述了该过程。而术语“未授权用户”（UU）能更好的定义“侵入者”。已知和未知的漏洞会不经意的被人利用，不管这些漏洞是低安全性密码保护，还是电脑持续开机，亦或是在办公室与其他访客的直接接触。“未授权用户”利用技术漏洞的第一步即是确定目标系统的明细规范是什么。有两种攻击方式，一种是针对超文本传输协议（HTTP）固有的功能，另一种是预先设定好程序对特定易受攻击对象进行攻击，没有任何具体目标。黑客行动的多变性，警告用户不管是薄弱的还是强大的系统，都应当选择正确的方式来自我保护，不要轻易将授权给其他人。最后，文章列出了避免安全漏洞的解决方案，包括更新补丁、使用复杂的密码、只从可靠的网站或服务中获取信息、及时更新杀毒软件和备份，以保护计算机中的数据不被黑客攻击。