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cestlavie88

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常见英语语法错误归类

语言是评判作文的一个极其重要的因素。在实际的阅卷过程中,语法错误,尤其是较为严重的错误,是阅卷人员的主要“照顾点”,有时甚至是惟一的点;当然那样处理是有道理的,大家可以设想一下,一篇语法上漏洞百出、严重影响表达的作文又会有什么样的好内容呢?如果因为语言上的错误而导致失分,那将得不偿失。因此,认清各种各样的'语法错误,尽可能地避免少犯,对于提高作文分是有极大的帮助的。现将我们在阅卷过程中所发现的大量语言错误逐一归类,抽出其中的典型错误,以警示大家,供参考。

1.句子成分残缺不全

We always working till late at night before taking exams。(误)

We are always working /We always work till late at night before taking exams(正)

We should read books may be useful to us. (误)

We should read books which may be useful to us. (正)

2.句子成分多余

This test is end, but there is another test is waiting for you. (误)

One test ends, but another is waiting for you. (正)

The driver of the red car was died on the spot. (误)

The driver of the red car died on the spot. (正)

3.主谓不一致

Someone/Somebody think that reading should be selective. (误)

Some think that reading should be selective. (正)

My sister go to the cinema at least once a week. (误)

My sister goes to the cinema at least once a week. (正)

4.动词时态、语态的误用

I was walking along the road, and there are not so many cars on the street. (误)

I was walking along the road and there were not so many vehicles on the street. (正)

We have little time to read some books which we interest. (误)

We have little time to read some books in which we are interested. (正)

I am a student who has studying in the college for two years. (误)

I have been studying in the college for two years(正)

5.词类混淆

It is my point that reading must be selectively. (误)

In my opinion, reading must be selective. (正)

Honest is so important for everyperson. (误)

Honesty is so important for everyone. (正)

The old man was hit by a car when he across the street. (误)

The old man was hit by a car when he was crossing the street. (正)

英语常错的语法

286 评论(14)

爱吃之虎虎

定语从句和祈使句的应用,因为这两个相对于大多数人来说比较难判断,所以应该多练习这方面的题,多看一下这个语法怎么用。

157 评论(15)

王豆豆228

随着社会的进步,科技的发展,英语的重要性更加突出。英语语法与汉语的不同,是造成中学生英语学习困难的主要原因。具体表现在以下几个方面。

一、表现在词形变化和用词方面

中学生在初学英语阶段,常常把某些动词的过去式弄混了。例如:teach的过去式是taught,fight的过去式是fought,其中aught和ought学生常把“a”和“o”混淆,我在教学中就告诉学生一些记忆的规律,尽管有很多例外,但这些规律对学生记忆这些动词的变化仍有很大的作用。

记忆这种词形的规律是:动词原型中含字母“a”的其过去式和过去分词的字母组合一般为— —aught;不含“a”的则为— — ought;例如:catch— — caught, teach— — taught,buy— — b0ught, seek— — sought, fight— — fought.又如,在学习过程中,学生常把动词单数第三人称和名词的复数形式在用法上相混淆。例如:我们学习英语,学生常写westudies English。为什么会产生把单数第三人称的谓语形式用在复数we 作主语后面呢?因为把study这个动词和名词复数形式混淆了,所以我再讲名词复数形式和动词单数第三人称变化时,及时向学生指出,名次的复数和动词单数第三人称加s或JJflies,这是两个概念。

有些学生学了There’S,They’re, What’siX些缩写形式之后,常主观地认为ThiS is可以写成ThiS’S。学了名词的所属格~fmothers之后,就把Whose写成Whos。我在教授学生知识的同时,也教育他们尊重科学,告诉他们:语言是历史地形成的,语言的运用是有规则的,任何人都不能随便造词和造缩写形式。有些不可数名词,学生常常按照汉语的习惯来理解。例如:bread,汉语中可以说一个面包, 两个面包,是可数的。但在英语中没有复数形式,用这个词的复数概念时,学生常常在词尾加s。

在英语中, 有一些动词表示延续性动作, 有一些动词只表示暂时性动作,这些词在使用时,与汉语不同。例如:汉语“他参军已经三年了。”学生常常误以为:He joined the army forthree years。因为join 一词的意思不能延续,参军的动作是一时完成的动作,加入军队之后,就在部队里,是一名战士了。所以英语中说He has been in the army for three years,或者说It is three years Since he joined the army.

二、关于“格”的问题方面的困难

学生常常主格、宾格不分。例如:把He helps US.写成Hehelps we.汉语中说“我哥哥” “你姐姐”把“的”字省了,用英语表达时学生说成:I brother,you Sister.这些方面我就用英汉对比的方法解决。

三、在句子结构方面的困难

英语句子的结构有的和汉语相同,有的不同。对那些结构不同的句子,学生使用就容易出错,因为汉语的句子结构在学生脑中已成定势,而且汉语的逻辑思维习惯也早已形成。如把“我在家”说成I at home.这样的错误,我在教学中就给学生指出来,告诉他们这些句子中要有动词,没有动词,不是一个完整的句子。

关于主语一致方面的错误。学生处理那些有两个主语的句子时,常常发生错误,例如: “There iS a desk and fourchairs in the room.” 中,学生在有关主谓语一致问题方面的错误是很多的,我在教学中常常提醒学生注意那些特殊用法。在汉语中, “虽然. ”·但是.. ”是一种句式,可在英语中这两个词不能同时在一个句子中使用,只能出现其中一个词,学生在句子结构方面犯的还有这样的毛病,如汉语中说“我认为它是不对的”在英语中需要用主从复合句表达,主句为:I don’tthink(我不认为),在从句中:he is right (他是对的)。在反义疑问句中,先否定后肯定。例如:You arerl’t a student,areyou9 (你不是学生,对吧?)NO,I am not(是的,我不是)。N。,I am not.(是的,我不是)。No译为“是的”这对中学生来说是很难的。类似这样的难点,我在教学中经常复习。

四、语序方面的问题

语序是英语学习中重要的语法手段,我常提醒学生充分注意英语语序和汉语语序不同的地方,初学阶段,学生常把Hestudies hard说成He hard studies,副词在句子中的位置极为重要,为让学生记牢,学一个句子,我就让学生背会一个句子。在倒装句中加助动词,是学习倒装句的一个难点。例如,0nly today does he realize that he iS wrong.又如,用倒装语序构成让步从句:As old he is,he is strong.

五、如何克服语法教学的困难

1.明确语法教学的核心,并有足够的实践让学生练习,是教好语法的前提

学生在预防学习中感到困难的是英语语法头绪太多,往往顾此失彼。各种词类,特别是动词的变化形势繁多, 多种句子成分, 多种词形变化,多种句子结构, 再加上多种此类的多种用法,弄得学生无从下手。这就要求语法教学必须围绕一个核心,这就是从词法上看动词形态变化和结构形式都可以一步步地演化出来,这样语法学习就能由死变活。

语法学习不但重视讲,而且更需重视学生练, 要让学生经常练,反复练,还要有强化练习、情景练习,这样比教师讲上几十遍效果还要好。

2.要想教好语法,必须改进教学方法,激发学生的学习兴趣

在教学过程中,我注意到只以一种固定的原则或模式来教,教师教得呆板,学生学起来乏味,久而久之,会使学生丧失学习兴趣。因此,多样化的语法教学会给学生一种新鲜感,给他们一种强烈的获取欲望,能以一种愉快的心境学习,并且增加教学的趣味性。

3.必须重视语法的交际功能,丰富多彩的课外活动,加强语法的实践性

学习语法是为了运用和交际, 要让学生有机会在实践中应用,通过运用加深、巩固所学的语法项目,并达到很自然地掌握。做这种训练最好放在每周的活动课上来进行,教师可以随时纠正出现的问题,并且教师也可亲自参加,这能融洽师生关系。

总之, 通过灵活多样的趣味性教学和角色表演的交际性教学,让学生对英语学习感兴趣,愿意学习, 主动学习,这样英语教学才能有进一步的提高,也才能真正克服学生学习语法的困难。

349 评论(15)

咖啡熊33

一、句子结构错误

主从句叠置:There are more and more students who like to use the computer. / More and more students like to use the computer.

There are still many problems that should be noted and resolved. / Many problems still should be noted and resolved.

简单句叠置:I like chatting on line very much, so I go to the net bar almost every weekend. / I like chatting on line very much. I go to the net bar almost every weekend.

从句叠置:It is known to all that computers play an important role in many fields of our life. / As is known to all, computers play an important role in many fields of our life.

句子成分缺失:If we work hard, we will surely be successful. /Working hard, we will surely be successful.

语序错误:Why do college students spend more and more time on the computer?

I often wonder where they have got their money.

二、动词形式错误

时态错误:Many people think that the Internet will be more useful in the future.

语态形式错误: I have been excited several days at the news that you will come here.

Most of the students are satisfied with the service in the dining hall.

单复数形式错误:Wise men seek opportunities rather than wait for them. / A wise man seeks opportunities rather than wait for them.

Some people are afraid that computers may control men in the future.

非谓语动词形式错误:

Let me say “hello” to you on behalf of everyone.

Doing exercise in the morning is good for one’s health.

Having studied in our school for 3 years, I find that the canteen service has changed a lot.

326 评论(13)

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