wxb2066472463
Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
成语(Chinese idioms)是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式,大多由四个汉字组成。它们高度简练且形式固定,但通常能形象地表达深刻的含义。成语大多数来源于中国古代的文学作品,通常与某些神话、传说或者历史事件有关。如果不知道某个成语的出处,就很难理解其确切含义。因为,学习成语有助于人们更好地理解中国传统文化。成语在日常会话和文学创作中广泛使用。恰当使用成语可以使一个人的语言更具表现力,交流更有效。
【译文】
Chinese idioms are unique expressions in Chinese, mostly composed of four Chinese characters. Despite the extreme conciseness and fixed format, they usually convey/express profound meanings visually. These idioms, largely derived from ancient Chinese literary works, are usually related to certain myths, legends or historical events. It will be difficult to understand/grasp the exact meaning without knowing the source of an idiom. Therefore, learning idioms can help people understand Chinese traditional culture better. Idioms are widely used in daily conversations and literary works. Proper use of idioms can make one’s language more expressive and communication more effective.
1.成语( Chinese idioms)是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式,大多由四个汉字组成。
题目中给出了成语二字的英语,但是给出的形式是复数,但中文后面又说是“一种”,此时就要注意保持主谓一致;
“由……组成”可以是consist of,也可以是be composed of,此处给出的译文中省略了“which are”,更加简洁;
“汉字”就是“character”,如果仅用Chinese一词,是无法准确表达出四个汉字的意思的。
2.它们高度简练且形式固定,但通常能形象地表达深刻的含义。
此处的“高度简练”、“形式固定”可以用形容词词组“highly concise and formally fixed”来翻译,也可以用名词词组“extreme conciseness and fixed format”来翻译,英文中更多用名词来表示;
形象地可以用“vividly/visually”来表示,而“表达”除了最直接的“express”之外,还可以用“convey/deliver”;
“…,但…”可以在后面用but,也可以在前面用despite/in spite of +N。
3成语大多来源于中国古代的文学作品,通常与某些神话、传说或者历史事件有关。
前面已经出现了Chinese idioms,也出现了they,所以这里我们再换一个说法,改写为“These idioms”;
“来源于”有很多同义表达:originate from/stem from/derive from;
“与…有关”是“be related to/be associated with”
4如果不知道某个成语的出处,就很难理解其确切含义。
这句话中,中文省略了主语,如果用if从句,我们应该补充主语,这种情况下一般用one来补充较好,也就是“if one fails to know”,如果不想使用人称代词,也可以译成“without knowing”,后半句用:it is adj.+ to do sth. 来避免人称代词的出现
“出处”也就是“来源”,可以联想到“source”;因此,学习成语有助于人们更好地理解中国传统文化。
“因此”:therefore; hence; consequently; thus
“有助于”最简单的译法就是help,如果想用更高级的词语,可以用到contribute to/ be conducive to/conduce to
“更好地理解”可以用understand的动词 “understand sth. better”,也可以转化为用其名词的译法:“gain a better understanding of sth.”
成语在日常会话和文学创作中广泛使用。
“日常会话”译为daily/everyday conversation;而“文学创作”译为“literary works”,想不到works用creation也可以,但是更中式, literature也是可以的;
这个句子中文也是主动句,但是译成英语是要变成被动,成语是“被人们使用的”,也就是“are widely used in”,注意保持主谓一致
恰当使用成语可以使一个人的语言更具表现力,交流更有效。
在这个句子中,“恰当使用成句”是主语,这个主语又可以拆分为一句话,但是我们在这里可以直接把使用译为名词,避免了不必要的复杂翻译,也就是“proper use of idioms”;
“语言更具表现力,交流更有效”这两部分是并列的,所以翻译时尽量保持两部分的形式一致,可以稍微做一些转化,“有效”是形容词,“表现力”是名词,所以我们把表现力转化成“有表现力的”,也就是effective和expressive。
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参考译文
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参考译文
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