动词大全英语小学

学习用品pen pencil pencil-case ruler book bag comic book post card newspaper schoolbag eraser crayon sharpener story-book notebook magazine 人体foot head face hair nose mouth eye ear arm finger leg tail动物cat dog pig duck rabbit horse elephant ant kangaroo monkey fish bird panda bear lion tiger sheep goat cow donkey 人物friend boy girl mother father sister brother uncle man woman Mr Miss lady mom mother dad father parents grandparents grandpa grandma aunt cousin son classmate principal university student pen pal pal people五,职业teacher student doctor nurse driver farmer singer writer actor actress artist TV reporter engineer accountant policeman salesperson cleaner baseball player assistant policeman颜色red blue yellow green white black pink purple orange brown]食品rice bread beef milk water egg fish tofu cake hot dog hamburger noodles meat chicken pork mutton vegetable soup ice-cream Coke juice tea coffee (breakfast lunch dinner)水果,蔬菜apple banana pear orange watermelon grape eggplant green beans tomato potato peach cucumber strawberry onion carrot cabbage 衣服jacket shirt T-shirt skirt dress jeans pants socks shoes sweater coat shorts sneakers slippers sandals boots hat 交通工具bike bus train boat ship car taxi yacht taxi jeep van plane subway motor cycle十一,杂物window door desk chair computer board fan light teacher's desk picture wall floor curtain trash bin closet mirror end table football present lamp phone sofa shelf fridge table air-conditioner photo plate knife fork spoon ball kite box violin e-card e-mail traffic light money medicine十二,地点home room bedroom bathroom living room kitchen classroom school park library post office hospital cinema bookstore farm zoo garden study playground canteen teacher's office gym washroom art room company factory fruit stand pet shop nature park theme park bank village city十三,国家China/PRC America/USA England Canada/CAN十四,天气cold warm cool snowy sunny hot rainy windy cloudy weather reporter十五,景物river lake stream forest path raod house bridge building rain cloud sun mountain sky 十六,植物flower grass tree seed sprout plant leaf十七,星期day Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday weekend十八,月份month January February March April May June July August September October November December year十九,季节spring summer fall(autumn) winter二十,方位south north east west left right二十一,患病have a fever hurt have a cold have toothache have a headache have a sore throat二十二,数词One two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety first second third fourth fifth eighth ninth twelfth twentieth二十三,形容词big small long tall short young old strong thin active quiet nice kind strict smart funny tasty sweet salty sour fresh favourite clean tired excited angry happy bored sad fine great heavy new fat happy right little lovely beautiful colourful pretty cheap expensive sick better二十四,介词in on under near behind next to over in front to from to for二十五,代词I me my we us our you your he him his she her it its they them their二十六,动词Play swim skate fly jump walk run climb fight swing eat like have turn buy take live teach go study learn sing dance row do homework watch TV read books cook the meals water the flowers sweep the floor clean the bedroom make the bed set the table wash the clothes do the dishes use a computer do morning exercises eat breakfast eat dinner go to school have English class play sports get up climb mountains go shopping play the piano visit grandparents go hiking fly kites make a snowman plant trees draw pictures cook dinner read a book answer the phone listen to music clean the room write a letter write an e-mail drink water take pictures watch insects pick up leaves do an experiment catch butterflies count insects collect insect collect leaves write a report play chess have a picnic get to ride a bike play the violin make kites collect stamps meet welcome thank work look help pass show use clean open close stop wait drive send feel become think wear put on go home go to bed play computer games do housework empty the trash put away the clothes get off(on) take a trip go on a trip read a magazine go to the cinema二十七,疑问词what(什么) what colour(什么颜色) what time(几点) what day(星期几) how(怎样)how old(年龄多大,几岁)how many(多少) how much (多少钱) how tall (多高)how heavy(多重) how long(多长) how big(多大) how large(面积多大) who(谁) when(什么时候) whose (谁的) where(在哪里) why(为什么) which(哪一个)二十八,be动词am is are was were二十九,助动词:do does did 三十,情态动词can should would will

一、什么是动词

动词（Verb）一般就是用来表示动作或状态的词汇。在英语中，动词按作用和功能主要分为两大类，一类是谓语动词，另一类是非谓语动词。

动词的意义：动词时表示动作或者状态的词。

小学英语语法

二、动词的分类

1. 实义动词

(1) 又称行为动词，能够独立作谓语。

We love animals very much.

The sun sets in the west.

(2) 分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词之后可以直接接宾语，而不及物动词后不可接宾语。

I like reading books very much.

The sun goes up.

2. 连系动词

即为系动词，不能够单独作谓语，必须和名词、形容词等一起使用作句子的谓语。

（1）表状态的连系动词: be, look, smell, sound, feel, keep

I don’t feel well today.

The garden looks very beautiful.

（2）表转换或结果的连系动词: become, get, grow, turn, go ,come,

The song sounds beautiful.

The weather is becoming warmer and warmer.

3. 助动词

是帮助实义动词完成某些语法功能的动词。助动词本身没有实义，不能单独作谓语，主要有be, do, have(has,had).

I am a worker.

Do you have a sister?

助动词的特征及用法

4. 情态动词

表示说话人对某一动作或者状态的态度。情态动词词义不完全，不能够单独作谓语，只能与动词原形一起构成谓语。小学阶段常见情态动词有can,must, need, will, may, could.

Can you swim across the river?

I must go to school be 7 o’clock or I’ll be late.

动词的几种基本形式

1. 动词原形:无变化

2. 第三人称单数现在时（与第三人称单数的形式构成和名词复数构成法相似）

3. 过去式和过去分词

规则变化

4.不规则变化

现在分词

英语动词有五种基本形式,即动词原形、第三人称单数(现在式)、过去式、过去分词和现在分词. 1. 第三人称单数的构成方法 与名词的单数变复数规则大致一样,即： (1) 一般情况下由动词后加-s构成：work / works,read / reads等. (2) 以s, x, z, sh, ch 以及字母o结构的动词,后加-es：guess / guesses, mix / mixes, go / goes, buzz / buzzes, finish / finishes, catch / catches等. (3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y改为i 再加-es：fly / flies, study / studies等. 【注】① 有个别的变化不规则,如have / has, be / is等. ② 词尾-s和-es 读音规则是：在s, x, z, sh, ch 后的es读作[iz],其余的读作[z]. 2. 过去式和过去分词的构成方法 分规则变化和不规则变化两种.不规则变化需逐个记忆,规则变化遵循以下原则： (1) 一般情况下,在动词后加ed构成：work / worked, stay / stayed, shout / shouted等. (2) 在以-e结尾动词后只加d：close / closed, like / liked, live / lived, smile / smiled等. (3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y改为i 再加-ed：study / studied, carry / carried等. (4) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed：stop / stopped, admit / admitted, refer / referred, prefer / preferred等. 【注】(1) 以字母l结尾的动词,若末尾一个音节为重读音节,则必须双写l再加-ed,如control / controlled,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语)或不双写l(美国英语),如travel / travel(l)ed. (2) 动词picnic(野餐)的过去式和过去分词是picnicked,不是picniced. (3) 词尾-ed 读音规则是：在清辅音后读作[t],元音和浊辅音后读作[d],在辅音[t]或[d]后读作[id]. 3. 现在分词的构成方法 (1) 一般情况下,在动词后加-ing构成：work / working, sleep / sleeping, wait / waiting等. (2) 在不发音的-e结尾动词去掉e后再加-ing：smile / smiling, move / moving 等. (3) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing：sit / sitting, plan / planning, refer / referring, occur / occurring等. (4) 以字母ie结尾的动词,通常将ie改为y,再加ing：die / dying, lie / lying, tie / tying等. 【注】(1) 以字母l结尾动词,若末尾一个音节为重读音节,则必须双写l再加ing,如control / controlling,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语)或不双写l(美国英语),如travel / travel(l)ing. (2) 名词变复数、形容词和副词变比较级和最高级、动词变过去式和过去分词等都有“改y规则”,但动词的现在分词没有“改y规则”. (3) 动词picnic(野餐)的现在分词为picnicking,不是picnicing.

speak spoke spoken (讲话) read read read (阅读) cut cut cut (切) cost cost cost (花费) go went gone (去,走) feel felt felt (感觉) dig dug dug (挖) overcome overcame overcome (克服) come came come (来) write wrote written (写) get got gotten (自己查一下,这个词要看用在那里了) see saw seen (看) spend spent spent (花费) put put put (放下) find fought fought (找，查明) deal dealt dealt (分配) bend bent bent (使…变曲) fight fought fought (搏斗，奋斗) keep kept kept (留下，保留，继续) lay laid lain (放置，躺下，保留) lend lent lent (借出，借给) lose lost lost(失去，丧失) sit sat sat (坐，就坐) sleep slept slept(睡觉，睡着)