懒云堂主
注意事项如下：1）只有当定语从句的关系代词在定语从句中充当主语时，才能将其简化为形容词短语。例如：The girl (who) I saw was Mai——关系代词who充当定语从句的宾语，这句就不能简化。2）定语从句简化为形容词短语分两种情况：i）如果定语从句含“关系代词+Be动词（am/is/are/was/were）”，则省略关系代词和be动词。例如：The girl who is sitting next to me is Mai. The girl sitting next to me is Mai.The man who is talking to John is from Korea. The man talking to John is from Korea.Ann is the woman that is responsible for the error. Ann is the woman responsible for the error.ii）如果定语从句中没有Be动词，则省略关系代词，并把从句动词改为ing形式。例如：English has an alphabet that consists of 26 letters.English has an alphabet consisting of 26 letters.Anyone who wants to come with us is welcome.Anyone wanting to come with us is welcome.3）如果定语从句有逗号，则形容词短语也要有逗号，有时又称同位语从句。例如：Paris, which is the capital of France, is an exciting city.Paris, the capital of France, is an exciting city.4）如果定语从句含“关系代词+be+单个形容词”，则简化后的单个形容词要移到其所修饰的名词前面。例如：Fruit that is fresh tastes better than old, soft, mushy fruit.Fresh fruit tastes better than old, soft, mushy fruit. (正确)Fruit fresh tastes better than old, soft, mushy fruit. (不正确)
饕餮江江
定语从句是英语常见的用来联系多个句子的句型，作用强大而且简单易用。我在这里整理了相关知识，快来学习学习吧!
英语语法：定 语 从 句
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语
which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)
who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语
whom 指人在从句中作宾语
whose 指人或物在从句中作定语
as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语
but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语
注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词
2、as 的用法
(1)常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as
注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个
the same…that 表示同一个
(2)as与which的区别
a、位置不同
as可放在主句后，主句前
或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。
Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。
注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,
as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。
二、只用that不用which的情况
1、.先行词为 all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时
2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.
3、 当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
4、 当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
5、当先行词是数词时.
6、 当先行词既指人又指物时。
7、如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用 that。
8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。
9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that。
10、先行词为what，关系代词用that。
11、有时为了避免重复而使用that引导定语从句。
三、只用which不用that的情况
1、 当介词放在关系代词之前时。
2、 在非限制性定语从句中。
3、 当关系代词指整个主句的概念时。
四、只用who不用that的情况
1、当先行词是one, ones,anyone或those时。
2、there be 结构中。
3、当先行词是人，后面有较长修饰语时。
4、为了避免重复或引起歧义。
5、当先行词是I,you,he,they等时(常用于谚语中)。
6、先行词是指成员的集体名词。
7、who可以引导非限制性定语从句。
8、先行词是拟人化的名词。
9、先行词指特定的人时用who,不指特定的人用that。
五、关系副词引导的定语从句
1、when时间状语
注意：It/Ihis/That + be + the first/ second/ last time that… 只能用that,that可以省略，从句用相应的完成时。
2、where 地点状语
注意：当先行词为模糊的地点时，如point. Situation, case, position, stage, scene, spot, activity, family, job等名词时用where.
3、why 原因状语 先行词为reason。
六、介词与关系代词
1、介词如何确定
(1)依据定语从句中动词的习惯搭配来确定
(2)依据先行词的习惯搭配来确定
(3)根据意思来确定
(4)为了强调某一名词，不定式前加上关系词
2、关系代词作介词的宾语时，介词的位置
(1)whom和which可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间，也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。
(2)含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面。
(3)关系代词that在从句中作介词宾语时，介词不能放在它的前面，只能放在从句中有关动词的后面。
(4)关系代词whose也可以在从句中与它所修饰的名词一起作介词宾语。
3、“名词/数词/代词+介词+关系代词”结构常见的形式有：名词/one/two/some/none/all/both/several/many/most/a few/a little/the+比较级/the+最高级…+of+which/whom。
七、定语从句中的主谓一致
1、关系代词作从句的主语时，从句中谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致，先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词用单数形式。
2、“one of+复数名词”位于关系代词前作先行词时，关系代词在从句中作主语，从句的动词通常用复数，但当one前有the,the only,the very等修饰时，从句的谓语动词要用单数。
八、注意way和time后接定语从句的情况
1、当先行词是way，且意为“方式、方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词有下列三种形式：that/in which/不填。
注意：关系词在从句中必须作状语。如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，按正常的定语从句分析。
2、当先行词是time时，若time作“次数”讲，应用that引导定语从句，that可省略;若time作“一段时间”讲，应用关系副词when或介词at/during+which引导定语从句。
相见时难别亦难 “小离别”英语怎么说?
遇到“小别离”英语怎么说?
Migrants feel uprooted from friends and relatives.
移民有一种亲友别离，情谊割断之感。
This is real life, we must go through the parting, reunion will be valuable to know.
这就是生活的真实，我们必须要经历了别离，才会知道重逢的可贵。
Since fate has foreseen our meeting and leaving, why not compromise to it?
既然命运安排了我们的相聚和别离，又何必强求呢?
He had something he must say to her before he bade her a long farewell.
有一桩心事必须在和她长远别离之前对她说出来。
The seagulls fly off, the waves roll away and we depart.
海鸥飞去，波澜滚滚地流开，我们也别离了。
And ever has it been that love knows not its own depth until the hour of separation.
除非临到了别离的时候，爱永远不会知道自己的深浅。
I couldn't even take proper leave of Amundsen.
我离不开阿姆森了。
I got away as quick as I could.
我尽快离开了。
That afternoon I was on my way home after three years of absence.
寄居小妖妖
回答如下：英语定语从句和分词短语都可以作定语，但用法不尽相同。定语从句可选用你所需要的任何时态和语态，而分词短语则通常表示正在进行的、完成的或与主句动作同时发生的动作或状态。现在分词有一般式、完成式，有主动语态和被动语态; 过去分词只有一般式，只有被动语态。现在分词的完成式不能作定语，只能作状语; 而定语从句则可以。作定语的分词短语通常不能表示未来的动作或状态，而定语从句则可以。例如：The man standing there (= who is standing there ) is my uncle. The house facing south (= which faces south) is a clinic. I am satisfied with your work done yesterday ( = which was done yesterday ) The bridge completed now (= which has been completed now, 但不能说having been completed now ) will be open next week. The students who will go abroad next week ( 不能说going abroad next week,但可用不定式短语to go abroad next week。 ) come from Nanjing University. I know the student who has just won the prize ( 不能说having just won the prize). The airport which will be built next year (= to be built next year, 但不能用分词短语being built 或 built next year。)
