a长了一半的草
The History of Valentine's Day(1)Every February, across the country, candy, flowers, and gifts are exchanged between loved ones, all in the name of St. Valentine. But who is this mysterious saint and why do we celebrate this holiday? The history of Valentine's Day -- and its patron saint -- is shrouded in mystery. But we do know that February has long been a month of romance. St. Valentine's Day, as we know it today, contains vestiges of both Christian and ancient Roman tradition. So, who was Saint Valentine and how did he become associated with this ancient rite? Today, the Catholic Church recognizes at least three different saints named Valentine or Valentinus, all of whom were martyred.One legend contends that Valentine was a priest who served during the third century in Rome. When Emperor Claudius II decided that single men made better soldiers than those with wives and families, he outlawed marriage for young men -- his crop of potential soldiers. Valentine, realizing the injustice of the decree, defied Claudius and continued to perform marriages for young lovers in secret. When Valentine's actions were discovered, Claudius ordered that he be put to death.The History of Valentine's Day(2)ile some believe that Valentine's Day is celebrated in the middle of February to commemorate the anniversary of Valentine's death or burial -- which probably occurred around 270 A.D -- others claim that the Christian church may have decided to celebrate Valentine's feast day in the middle of February in an effort to 'christianize' celebrations of the pagan Lupercalia festival. In ancient Rome, February was the official beginning of spring and was considered a time for purification. Houses were ritually cleansed by sweeping them out and then sprinkling salt and a type of wheat called spelt throughout their interiors. Lupercalia, which began at the ides of February, February 15, was a fertility festival dedicated to Faunus, the Roman god of agriculture, as well as to the Roman founders Romulus and Remus.To begin the festival, members of the Luperci, an order of Roman priests, would gather at the sacred cave where the infants Romulus and Remus, the founders of Rome, were believed to have been cared for by a she-wolf or lupa. The priests would then sacrifice a goat, for fertility, and a dog, for purification. The boys then sliced the goat's hide into strips, dipped them in the sacrificial blood and took to the streets, gently slapping both women and fields of crops with the goathide strips. Far from being fearful, Roman women welcomed being touched with the hides because it was believed the strips would make them more fertile in the coming year. Later in the day, according to legend, all the young women in the city would place their names in a big urn. The city's bachelors would then each choose a name out of the urn and become paired for the year with his chosen woman. These matches often ended in marriage. Pope Gelasius declared February 14 St. Valentine's Day around 498 A.D. The Roman 'lottery' system for romantic pairing was deemed un-Christian and outlawed. Later, during the Middle Ages, it was commonly believed in France and England that February 14 was the beginning of birds' mating season, which added to the idea that the middle of February -- Valentine's Day -- should be a day for romance. The oldest known valentine still in existence today was a poem written by Charles, Duke of Orleans to his wife while he was imprisoned in the Tower of London following his capture at the Battle of Agincourt. The greeting, which was written in 1415, is part of the manuscript collection of the British Library in London, England. Several years later, it is believed that King Henry V hired a writer named John Lydgate to compose a valentine note to Catherine of Valois. The History of Valentine's Day(3)In Great Britain, Valentine's Day began to be popularly celebrated around the seventeenth century. By the middle of the eighteenth century, it was common for friends and lovers in all social classes to exchange small tokens of affection or handwritten notes. By the end of the century, printed cards began to replace written letters due to improvements in printing technology. Ready-made cards were an easy way for people to express their emotions in a time when direct expression of one's feelings was discouraged. Cheaper postage rates also contributed to an increase in the popularity of sending Valentine's Day greetings. Americans probably began exchanging hand-made valentines in the early 1700s. In the 1840s, Esther A. Howland began to sell the first mass-produced valentines in America.According to the Greeting Card Association, an estimated one billion valentine cards are sent each year, making Valentine's Day the second largest card-sending holiday of the year. (An estimated 2.6 billion cards are sent for Christmas.) Approximately 85 percent of all valentines are purchased by women. In addition to the United States, Valentine's Day is celebrated in Canada, Mexico, the United Kingdom, France, and Australia. Valentine greetings were popular as far back as the Middle Ages (written Valentine's didn't begin to appear until after 1400), and the oldest known Valentine card is on display at the British Museum. The first commercial Valentine's Day greeting cards produced in the U.S. were created in the 1840s by Esther A. Howland. Howland, known as the Mother of the Valentine, made elaborate creations with real lace, ribbons and colorful pictures known as "scrap".
qieerdingdon
In the third century, the Roman empire suffered from a general crisis, economic decline, the corruption of the ruling class, social unrest and people's resistance.
（公元3世纪，罗马帝国出现全面危机，经济凋敝，统治阶级腐败，社会动荡不安，人民纷纷反抗。）
In order to maintain their rule, the noble class brutally suppressed the people and christians. There was a Christian, valentine, who was put into prison.
（贵族阶级为维护其统治，残暴镇压民众和基督教徒。是时有一位教徒瓦伦丁，被捕入狱。）
In prison, he touched the warden's daughter with his open heart.
（在狱中，他以坦诚之心打动了典狱长的女儿。）
They loved each other and were taken care of by the warden's daughter. The ruling class ordered his execution.
（他们相互爱慕，并得到典狱长女儿的照顾。统治阶级下令将他执行死刑。）
Before his execution, he wrote a long suicide note to the warden's daughter, stating that he was innocent.
（在临刑前，他给典狱长女儿写了一封长长的遗书，表明自己是无罪的。）
It showed his open and aboveboard feelings and his deep attachment to the gaoler's daughter.
（表明他光明磊落的心迹和对典狱长女儿深深眷恋。）
On February 14, 270, he was executed.
（公元270年2月14日，他被处死刑。）
Later, christians sacrifice themselves for justice and pure love in order to commemorate valentine.
（后来，基督教徒为了纪念瓦伦丁为正义、为纯洁的爱而牺牲自己。）
Will be executed on this day as "st. valentine's day," later changed to "valentine's day."
（将临刑的这一天定为“圣瓦伦节”，后人又改成“情人节”。）
CuteGourmet
★情人节的由来 情人节又到了，空气中好象也弥漫着浪漫的气息。为了使这浪漫节日更融入一点文化情调，本版主没少费心思收集有关情人节的知识与趣闻。不想这一番收集，光情人节的来历倒出现了三个版本。 ◆版本一：Valentine'sday是情人节在英语里的叫法。从字面上来看，很难看出中西方叫法之间有什么联系。这里面隐藏着一个动人的故事。 大约在公元三世纪的罗马，那时恺撒已经死去快三百年了，暴君Claudius当政。当时，罗马内外战争频仍，民不聊生。为了补足兵员，将战争进行到底，Claudius下令，凡是一定年龄范围内的男子，都必须进入罗马军队，以生命为国家效劳。自此，丈夫离开妻子，少年离开恋人。于是整个罗马便被笼罩在绵长的相思中。对此，暴君大为恼火。为了达到自己的目的，他竟然下令禁止国人举行结婚典礼，甚至要求已经结婚的毁掉婚约。 然而，暴政禁止不了爱情。就在暴君的国都里，居住着一位德高望重的修士，他就是Valentine,我们的主人公。他不忍看到一对对伴侣就这样生离死别，于是为前来请求帮助的情侣秘密地主持上帝的结婚典礼。一时间，这一令人振奋的消息在整个国度传开，更多的情侣秘密地赶来请求修士的帮助。 但是，事情很快还是被暴君知晓了，于是他再一次显示了残暴面目——将修士打进大牢，最终折磨致死。修士死的那一天是2月14日，公元270年的2月14日。 人们为了纪念这个敢于与暴君斗争的人，渐渐地使得2月14日成为一个节日。很多世纪过去了，人们再也记不得Claudius的大名，再也记不得他的权杖与宝剑，但依然会纪念Valentine修士，因为那个日子是Valentine'sday,是情人节。 ◆版本二:在古罗马时期，二月十四日是为表示对约娜的尊敬而设的节日。约娜是罗马众神的皇后，罗马人同时将她尊奉为妇女和婚姻之神。接下来的二月十五日则被“卢帕撒拉节”，是用来对约娜治下的其他众神表示尊敬的节日。 在古罗马，年轻人和少女的生活是被严格分开的。然而，在卢帕撒拉节，小伙子们可以选择一个自己心爱的姑娘的名字刻在花瓶上。这样，过节的时候，小伙子就可以与自己选择的姑娘一起跳舞，庆祝节日。如果被选中的姑娘也对小伙子有意的话，他们便可一直配对，而且最终他们会坠入爱河并一起步入教堂结婚。后人为此而将每年的二月十四日定为情人节。 ◆版本三：一本英语辞典上注释说，范泰伦节(情人节)二月十四日，来源于古罗马的牧神节。据说鸟类在这一天开始交配。那时的风俗是：在牧神节期间，每个青年男子从一只盒子里抽签，盒子里放的是写有青年女子姓名的条子。抽到谁，谁就成为那个青年男子的心上人。后来这个节日改为纪念一位叫瓦伦丁的基督教圣徒。 古罗马青年基督教传教士圣瓦伦丁，冒险传播基督教义，被捕入狱，感动了老狱吏和他双目失明的女儿，得到了他们悉心照料。临刑前圣瓦伦丁给姑娘写了封信，表明了对姑娘的深情。在他被处死的当天，盲女在他墓前种了一棵开红花的杏树，以寄托自己的情思。这一天就是2月14日。现在，在情人节里，许多小伙子还把求爱的圣瓦伦丁的明信片做成精美的工艺品，剪成蝴蝶和鲜花，以表示心诚志坚。姑娘们晚上将月桂树叶放在枕头上，希望梦见自己的情人。通常在情人节中，以赠送一枝红玫瑰来表达情人之间的感情。将一枝半开的红玫瑰作为情人节送给女孩的最佳礼物，而姑娘则以一盒心形巧克力作为回赠的礼物。 ★情人节---Valentine's Day Valentine's Day has arrived at, as if air middle being also romantic breath filling the air. Festival melts more for making this romantic to enter a little culture sentiment , webmaster has not stopped wasting state of mind originally collect knowledge and interesting news about Valentine's Day. Do not think of this one times collect, the origin glorifying Valentine's Day but has appeared three editions.◆版本一：Edition one Roughly in A.D. three centuries Rome, Caesar already dies at that time quickly 300 years tyrant Claudius is in power. At that time, Rome inside and outside war frequent , lived on the edge of starvation. War follows sth. through to the end , Claudius gives an order for making soldiers complete , will,- ? any certain age range inner male person, must enter Rome troops , devote self to carrying out the country with life.Ever since, the husband leaves a wife , the teenager leaves a sweetheart. Thereupon entire Rome is just shrouded in the lovesickness lasting a long period of time middle. Fume with rage to this , the tyrant. For achieving self purpose, he actually gives orders to forbid fellow countrymen holding getting married ceremony , annihilating demanding to get married already even engagement. But, tyranny forbid without end love. Live in in the capital being in a tyrant right away, let friar who one is of noble character and high prestige , his be Valentine , our leading character in a novel. He cannot bear to see pair of companions be parted in life and separated by death right away like this , to be ceremony thereupon come to ask the sweethearts helping getting married hosting God confidentially. For a short while, this one information help asking a friar come rushing confidentially in entire spread over , more country sweethearts making people get roused. But, the thing is very quick have been still , finclause, thereupon he the appearance having demonstrated cruelty once more causes suffering to a friar make self's way into a jail , ultimate lethal. Friar that day dying is February 14, A.D. February 14 for 270 years. Do people work all right gradually for the people who commemorates this daring to fight with the tyrant, becoming a festival on February 14. That many centuries passes away , people can't remember again also one's formal personal name of Claudius, can't remember again also his truncheon and double-edged sword , is able to commemorate the Valentine friar but as before , is Valentine's Day because of that day is Valentine'sday. ◆版本二：Edition two Festival being to set up to express honour to Yuena on February 14 in ancient Rome period. Yuena is that numerous magical Rome empress , Roman look upon her Zun as woman and god of marriage at the same time. Accepting is "to be saved by Lupasala" on February 15 , is to be used to express honorable festival to other numerous lower Yuenazhi god. The life in ancient Rome , young person and young girl is that the quilt parts strictly. But, the name being able to choose a self lovely girl on Lupasala festival , young fellows carves on the vase. Such , the moment celebrating festivities,Will can together dance with self alternative girl, the young fellow , observes a festival. If the girl who is pitched on also is inclined to the young fellow, they mate just but always, and they may drop into love River and step into church together getting married ultimately. Descendants for this purpose but February 14 every year is fixed for Valentine's Day. ◆版本三：Edition Three On one English dictionary, annotation says Fantailun originates from Roman Lupercalia section (Valentine's Day) on February 14. It is said that birds begins to mate in this day. At that time custom be: During the period of Lupercalia, every youth male person draws lots from one in the box , being readjusting oneself to a certain extent in the box writes brief informal note having youth woman full name. Whip the sweetheart who whom , whom to become that youth male person right away to. Afterwards this festival changes the Christianity believer being called Walunding in commemoration of one. Ancient Rome youth Christianity missionary Shengwalunding, takes risks to spread Christianity righteousness , is arrested being put in prison, the daughter who has moved old warder and his being blind in both eyes, has got them take the utmost care to take care. Former Shengwalunding has written message for girl just before execution, deep love having indicated to the girl. That very day being put to death in he was put to death, the blind daughter has planted the apricot tree one opening Carthamus tinctorious before his grave，Think of with the feeling leaving with self. This is February 1 one day. Shengwalunding paying court to in Valentine's Day lining , a lot of young fellow postcard makes up into the exquisite handicraft article now,Jian Cheng butterfly and fresh flower, to indicate that sincere aspiration of heart is hard. Girls mount laurel Ye Fang in the evening in the pillow , hope the lover who dreams of self. Be hit by generally on Valentine's Day,To express the affection between the lover coming the red rose giving as a gift. The half-open red rose looks on one as the best gift that Valentine's Day gives a girl, but the girl presents with then with a box of heart-shaped chocolate as time gift.
芳宝女郎
情人节是西方的传统节日之一。男女在这一天互送礼物用以表达爱意。下面是我为大家整理的 西方情人节 由来英文介绍相关资料，供大家参考!西方情人节由来英文介绍一 There are varying opinions as to the origin of Valentines Day. Some experts state that it originated from St. Valentine, a Roman who was martyred for refusing to give up Christianity. He died on February 14, 269 A.D., the same day that had been devoted to love lotteries. Legend also says that St. Valentine left a farewell note for the jailers daughter, who had become his friend, and signed it "From Your Valentine". Other aspects of the story say that Saint Valentine served as a priest at the temple during the reign of Emperor Claudius. Claudius then had Valentine jailed for defying him. In 496 A.D. Pope Gelasius set aside February 14 to honour St. Valentine. Gradually, February 14 became the date for exchanging love messages and St. Valentine became the patron saint of lovers. The date was marked by sending poems and simple gifts such as flowers. There was often a social gathering or a ball. In the United States, Miss Esther Howland is given credit for sending the first valentine cards. Commercial valentines were introduced in the 1800s and now the date is very commercialised. The town of Loveland, Colorado, does a large post office business around February 14. The spirit of good continues as valentines are sent out with sentimental verses and children exchange valentine cards at school. 翻译：关于情人节的起源有许多种说法。有关人士认为情人节是一个名叫桑特-瓦伦丁的人士发起的。他是罗马人，因为拒绝放弃基督教而于公元前269年2月14日惨遭杀害，这一天也正好是全城盛行彩票抽奖的日子。而另外一种说法更具有传奇色彩，相传桑特-瓦伦丁曾留下一本 日记 给了狱卒的女儿，署名为“你的情人”，据说这名狱卒的女儿就是桑特-瓦伦丁的情人。还有 其它 的说法也颇为有趣。 比如说有人认为在克劳迪亚斯君王统治时期，桑特-瓦仑丁曾经是一名神父，因为公然挑战克劳迪亚斯君王的权威身陷囹圄。所以公元前496年罗马教皇格莱西亚斯特意将2月14日作为一个特别的日子以纪念桑特-瓦伦丁。此后2月14日就成为了一个具有特殊意义的日子。在这天人们向自己心仪的人传递信息以示爱意。而理所当然的桑特 瓦仑丁也就成为了为恋爱中的男女们牵线搭桥的人。在2月14日这天人们会特意做诗或者用一些小礼物送给自己心爱的人。而且人们还会组织各种各样的聚会来庆祝这个特殊的节日。艾瑟-霍兰德小姐是美国第一位因为发送情人节卡片而受到荣誉奖励的人。早在19世纪初情人节就已处露商业化的端倪。 而如今情人节已经完全被商业化了。 比如每当每年2月14日来临的时候，一些城镇如罗夫兰、克罗拉多等，这里的人们都要派送大量的为情人节特备的卡片。而在这天人们往往吟歌做诗并且把这些写入卡片中送个自己喜欢的人以表达自己的爱意。而在学校里孩子门也喜欢互增 贺卡 来度过这个特殊的节日。久而久之就形成了一种习俗并且延续至今天。 西方情人节由来英文介绍二 爱神丘比特是情人节最著名的象征，也一直被人们喻为爱情的象征，相传他是一个顽皮的、身上长着翅膀的小神，他的箭一旦插入青年男女的心上，便会使他们 深深相爱。在古希腊神话中，他是爱与美的女神(阿芙罗狄忒)Aphrodite与战神(阿瑞斯)Ares的小儿子Eros。在罗马神话中，他叫丘比特 (Cupid)，他的母亲是维纳斯(即阿芙罗狄忒)。单身的你，情人节来拜拜爱神，说不定就会被丘比特幸福的射上一箭哦。 Cupid is the most famous of Valentine symbols and everybody knows that boy armed with bow and arrows, and piercing hearts . He is known as a mischievous, winged child armed with bow and arrows. The arrows signify desires and emotions of love, and Cupid aims those arrows at Gods and Humans, causing them to fall deeply in love. Cupid has always played a role in the celebrations of love and lovers. In ancient Greece he was known as Eros, the young son of Aphrodite, the goddess of love and beauty. To the Roman's he was Cupid, and his mother was Venus. 丘比特是情人节最著名的象征。这个带着弓箭的小男孩人尽皆知，被箭射穿的心亦是如此。相传他是一个顽皮、身上长着翅膀的小男孩。箭象征着爱的欲望与激 情，丘比特的箭不仅对着神也对着凡人，被射中者便会陷入爱河。丘比特一直扮演者庆祝爱与爱人的角色。在古希腊神话中，他被称作厄洛斯，是爱与美之神阿佛洛 狄忒的小儿子。在古罗马神话中，他就叫做丘比特，其母是维纳斯。 There is a very interesting story about Cupid and His mortal Bride Psyche in Roman mythology. Venus was jealous of the beauty of Psyche, and ordered Cupid to punish the mortal. But instead, Cupid fell deeply in love with her. He took her as his wife, but as a mortal she was forbidden to look at him. 在古罗马神话中，有一个关于丘比特和他的凡人新娘普赛克的有趣 故事 。维纳斯因为嫉妒普赛克的美貌，便命令前去施加惩罚。但是，丘比特确深深爱上了普赛克，并娶她为妻。但是作为凡人，普赛克不可以看丘比特的脸。 Psyche was happy until her sisters persuaded her to look at Cupid. as soon as Psyche looked at Cupid, Cupid punished her by leaving her. Their lovely castle and gardens vanished too. Psyche found herself alone in an open field with no signs of other beings or Cupid. As she wandered trying to find her love, she came upon the temple of Venus. Wishing to destroy her, the goddess of love gave Psyche a series of tasks, each harder and more dangerous then the last. 西方情人节由来英文介绍三 Valentine’sDay is on the February 14 each year. It is celebrated in many countries aroundthe world, although it remains a working day in most of them. After New Year'sDay, it is the most celebrated holiday around the world. It’s a holiday forlovers or couples. This is a festival of love and romance, as well as flowers,chocolates, greeting cards. On that day, there are many activities for couplesto celebrate, showing their love to mate. Gift exchanging is the most common. Inrecent years, February 14 become much more popular than before, although thereis another Valentine’s Day in China. Besides, there are many people choose thatday to propose marriage or get married. In short, it’s a day of love. 情人节在每年的2月14日，世界上的许多国家都庆祝这个节日，虽然那一天在许多国家都是工作日。新年过后，这是全世界范围内最隆重的专属于情人们的日子。这是一个关于爱、浪漫以及花、巧克力、贺卡的节日。 在情人节当天，情侣们会有许多庆祝活动，向另一半表达爱意。交换礼物是最为常见的。近些年，虽然我国已经有了 七夕情人节 ，但是2月14情人节依然比以前盛行。此外，也有很多人选择在这一天、求婚或结婚。简单来说，这是一个爱的节日。 西方情人节由来英文介绍相关 文章 ： 1. 西方情人节英语介绍3篇 2. 关于西方情人节的由来 3. 西方情人节的传说 4. 西方情人节的由来是什么 5. 西方情人节的由来 6. 西方情人节习俗
