英语主语从句练习

高中英语各种复合句精品课程讲解 【2014年12月17日】 【英语尖子生培训课程】什么叫名词性从句？在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句【一】主语从句 【二】表语从句 【三】宾语从句【四】定语从句 【五】同位语从句 【六】状语从句【一】主语从句：在主句种充当主语成分的从句叫主语从句，引导主语从句的连词有：从属连词；连接代词；连接副词A 从属连词：that，whether。从属连词；that，whether引导的主语从句在主语从句中不充当任何成分,只起连接词的作用，通常不可以省略。分句置于句首时，that绝对不可以省略。如果是由It作形式主语，后面that可以省略.1,有that 引导的主语从句如下：1. That the driver could not control his war was obvious.=It was obvious（that）the driver could not control his car.2. That she was chosen made us very happy.=it made us very happy that she was chosen 3. That he is still alive is sheer luck. 他还活着全靠运气。=It is sheer luck that she is still alive 4. That the whole project is doomed to failure is quite clear=It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。5. That you should have to leave is a pity =It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。6. That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible.=It is impossible that he will refuse this piece of advice7. That they should like each other is natural=It is natural that they should like each other 8. That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true=It is true that he will not come to the meeting this evening9. That he will help others is a fact10. That the earth turns around the sun is known to all. =It is known to all that the earth turns around the sun.11. That we can win is certain=It is certain that we can win.12. That you have made a mistake is a fact.=It is a fact that you have made a mistake 13. It is ordered that we should leave at once.14. That you don’t like him is none of my business. 用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句It is necessary that…有必要……It is important that…重要的是……It is obvious that… 很明显……It’s certain that… 肯定… It is possible that... 很可能…… It is unlikely that... 不可能…… It is necessary \important \natural\... that…It is possible that she will come back tomorrow.It is obvious that this measure is effective.b. It + be +V ed 分词+ that-从句It is known to all that…从所周知……It has been decided that… 已决定……It is said that... 据说…… It is known to all that... 众所周知…… It is reported that... 据报道…… It is believed that...据信……;人们相信…… It is suggested that + (should）do... 建议……It must be admitted that…必须承认…… It cannot be denied that… 不可否认…… It must be pointed out that…需指出的是…… It was reported that 20 people were killed in the accident. It was suggested that we should eat more vegetable and do more exercisec. It + be +名词+ that-从句It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是…It is common knowledge that… …是常识It is common knowledge that…是常识It is a fact that…事实是……It was a pity that we lost the match.It was a fact that he cheated in the exam.d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句It appears that…似乎……It happens that…碰巧……It occurred to me that…我突然想起……It occurred to me that I forgot to send this letterIt happened that I came into the office at that time.It is important(necessary / advisable / desirable / imperative / true / strange / possible ...)that ...需要注意的是,这类主语从句中,谓语动词很多为"(should)＋动词原形",即要用虚拟语气。例如:It is necessary that several nurses (should) stay. 几个护士留在这儿是很有必要的。It is imperative that everyone (should) learn from practice. 每个人都应该从实践中学习。It is reported (well-known / hoped / thought / expected / said / believed / decided / suggested / ordered ...)that ...例如:It is said that many people was killed in the earthquake. 据说很多人在这次地震中丧生了。it seems(appears / doesn’t matter / makes no difference / ...)that ...例如:It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not.他是否会参加会议都无关紧要。当用it作形式主语,而将主语从句放在句尾时,主语从句中的否定词常要前移至主句中。例如:It doesn’t seem that they are from the same university. It doesn’t appear that we’ll have a sunny day tomorrow. if 不能用在主语从句中，而是用whether，如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导.或把if 改为whether If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.正：It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.正: Whether Mary really heard him is really doubtful. Whether he left (or not) is unknownWhether he will come is not clear.Whether it will rain or not) is not clearWhether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。 Whether we will go tomorrow )hasn’t been decided yetWhether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.Whether the policeman will come is not certain.Whether the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.Whether we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.whether he likes the job is not clear..注意区分it 作形式主语的主语从句与强调句强调句句型It is/was+被强调部分+that, 去掉It is/was, that，句子仍然成立。It is natural that they should have different views. 主语从句It is only lately that he had had a family himself. 强调句What was it that he wanted? I don’t know what it was that he wanted.It was in the hotel where he stayed that we discussed the serious problem8.注意it 作形式主语的主语从句和as引导非限制性定语从句引导的不同It is known to all that the earth is round.As is known to all. the earth is round. B连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever (Who, whom, which, what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序) What many scientists believe is that the earth is round …Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided.Whoever breaks the law will be punished.Which student will win is uncertain.Whatever was said here must be kept secret. 这里说的话都应当保密。 Whoever makes mistakes must correct them. 凡犯了错误的人都必须改正。What is needed for success) is your hard work.Who can join in the sport meet) is decided by the teacherWhat he needs is that book.What he needs are some books.What he needs are some books.Who he is and where he is from are important. What he saw are the stars in the skyWhat he said at the meeting astonished everybody presentWhoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. C连接副词when，where， how， why等。Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.When they will leave is not decided.Where she is from is unknown.How we will paint the house has not been decided.When they will arrive has been told to the teacherWhere we will go tomorrow hasn’t been decided yetWhen he will come is not knownWhen he will come is a puzzleWhere we shall spend the holiday isn’t decided. Where he comes from is a mystery.Conclusion:主语从句作 主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式主语从句的规律规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。规律二、连词that 在从句中无实际意义，但不能省略。规律三、whether 可以引导主语从句， 放在句首，但if不能规律四、主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用规律五、含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用单数第三人称形式。规律六、what 引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定主句动词的单复数形式规律七、主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象，用 it 做形式主语，把从句放在后面。

主语从句，从字面理解，就是简单句中的主语，由一个名词变成了一个句子，这就是主语从句。

我们从“主系表”和“主谓宾”两种类型来讲解。

随着交流表达意思的需要，可能交流中出现的主语不再是这样简单的词，可能是一件事，这样就需要用一个句子放在主语的位置，例如“他所做的事很重要”。

上述只是非常简单的主语从句，实际上主语从句包括很复杂的内容，各种除了what之外的连词、形式主语it等等。

13.本题考查主语从句的引导词，此处所填的词既要能做saw的宾语，又要能引导主语从句，作主语从句的引导词，有此功能的引导词只有what，故答案选“C",此句“What he saw both surprised and frightened him”意思为“他所看到的既让他惊讶又让他害怕”14.本题考查主语从句的结构和语义，主语从句需用陈述句语序，故可排除“A和B选项”，由语义“。。。是温暖的阳光的全拼”，可知我们大家所需要的仅仅是温暖的阳光的全拼，故答案选“D”希望可以帮到你，不懂可以追问哦~~~

一、主语从句定义：在句子中担当主语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫做主语从句。二、主语从句例句：1. What surprised me most was that the little girl could play the violin so well.2. Who will go to the concert is not known.3. That she was chosen made us very happy.4. Whether she will come or not is still a question.5. Which book they will choose is still unknown.6. When we shall hold our sports meet is not decided.7. It’s strange that he knows nothing about it.8. It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.9. It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week.三、主语从句的引导词主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导。1. that引导That he is still alive is a wonder. 他还活着，真是奇迹。That we shall be late is certain. 我们要晚了，这是确定无疑的。That he should have ignored the working class was natural. 他忽视工人阶级是很自然的。That she is still alive is a consolation. 她还活着是使人感到宽慰的。That she became an artist may have been due to her father’s influence. 她成为画家可能是受她父亲的影响。That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time. 你将来伦敦是好久以来我听到的最好消息。That she was chosen made a tremendous stir in her village. 她被挑选上，在她村 子里引起很大轰动。2. whether引导Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否对我们有害还要看一看。Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。3. 连接代词引导Whoever is top from wins the game when two matched players meet. 两强相争勇者胜。Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize. 无论(你们)谁先到都可以得奖。Whichever you want is yours. 你要哪个哪个就是你的。4. 连接副词引导When we arrive doesn’t matter. 什么时候到没有关系。How it was done was a mystery. 这是怎样做的是一个谜。How this happended is not clear to anyone. 这件事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。How many people we are to invite is still a question. 邀请多少人还是一个问题。Where I spend my summer is no business of yours. 我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。5. 关系代词型what引导What we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这一点。What’s done is done. 事已成定局。What he says is not important. 他说的话并不重要。What I am telling you is mere impressions. 我和你说的都不过是一些印象而已。What make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants growing in the water. 为河水增色的是水里的荷花。What you need is a good-sized canvas bag. 你需要的是一个比较大的帆布袋。What I am afraid of is their taking him to Portugal. 我担心的是他们把他带到葡萄牙去。What struck me was that they have all suffered a lot. 给我很深印象的是他们都受过很多苦。四、主语从句与形式主语it有时为了考虑句子平衡，通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it，而将真正的主语从句移至句末。这分三种情况：(1) 对于以连词that引导的主语从句，通常用形式主语代主语从句：It’s a pity that he didn’t come. 很遗憾他没来。It is important that he should know about this. 他必须知道此事。It’s vital that we be present. 我们出席是至关重要的。It was intended that you be the candidate. 大家的意图是让你当候选人。It is important that this mission not fail. 这项使命不失败至关重要。It is essential that a meeting be convened this week. 本周开一次会非常重要。It is appropriate that this tax be abolished. 废除这个税是恰当的。It’s unfair that so many people should lose their jobs. 竟有这么多人失业这是不公平的。It’s amazing that she should have said nothing about it. 她竟未谈及此事令人惊讶。It’s unthinkable that they should deny my request. 他们竟然拒绝我的请求，这是不可思议的。That they should refuse to sign the petition required great courage. 他们拒绝在请愿书上签字这是需要很大勇气的。(2) 对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句，可以使用形式主语代主语从句，也可直接在句首使用主语从句：Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。It was a problem whether they would support us. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。It remains to be seen whether it will do us harm or good. 它对我们是利是害，还得看看再说。(3) 对关系代词型what引导的主语从句，通常直接将主语从句放在句首。如：What we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这一点。有时也可将助用形式主语。如：It is clear enough what he meant. 他是什么意思很清楚。(4) 如果句子是疑问句，则必须用带形式主语it的结构：Is it true that he is the girl’s father? 他是那女孩的父亲，是真的吗？How is it that you are late again? 你怎么又迟到了？五、连词that的省略问题引导主语从句的连词that 有时可省，有时不能省，其原则是：若that引导的主语从句直接位于句首，则that不能省略；若that引导的主语从句位于句末，而在句首使用了形式主语it，则that可以省略：That you didn’t go to the talk was a pity. 很遗憾你没去听报告。(that不可省)It was a pity (that) you didn’t go to the talk. 很遗憾你没去听报告。(that可省)