西湖草莓
Lesson 21Mad or not?是不是疯了？ 课文详注 Further notes on the text1．I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day. 我住在一个机场附近，过往飞机日夜不绝于耳。（1）passing 是现在分词，作形容词用，表示“经过的”、“过往的”：He stopped a passing car.他挡住了一辆过往汽车。He forgot the man with passing time.随着时间的消逝，他忘掉了那个人。（2）night and day是固定短语，意为“日日夜夜”、“夜以继日”：He thought of the matter night and day.他日夜在想这个问题。He worked night and day.他夜以继日地工作。2．The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could not be used then. 机场是许多年前建的，但由于某种原因当时未能启用。（1）years 前面不加确定的数词时，一般表示“许多年”，weeks等的用法与它相似：He left the city years ago.他多年前就离开了这座城市。I have not seen him for weeks.我已经有好几个星期没见他了。（2）some 在这里不表示“一些”，而表示“某个”、“某种”等：I'll tell you someday.有一天我会告诉你的。We'll talk about it some other time.我们改日再谈这件事。3．…it came into use. ……机场开始使用了。come into use 为固定短语，表示“开始被使用”：When did the train come into use?这火车什么时候开始使用的？The road came into use last month.这条路上个月通车了。4．Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. 有一百多人肯定是被噪音逼得已经弃家远去。情态动词 must +be表示根据事实所作的推论，这在第1册第127课已经讲过。在这句话中，must+完成时态表示对过去某事的推测：This pen is John's. He must have been here.这枝钢笔是约翰的。他一定来过这里。5．I am one of the few people left. 我是少数留下来的人中的一个。（1）one of表示特指的一群人/一些东西中的一个，后面的名词用复数：One of the girls standing over there is Tim's sister.在那些站在那儿的女孩当中有一个是蒂姆的姐姐/妹妹。You can take one of these bags.你可以从这些提包中拿走一个。（2）left相当于who are left(by the others)。即其他人走了以后而留下了他们。语法 Grammar in use被动语态（2）在第10课的语法中，我们已经讲了被动语态的基本形式以及它在用了一般现在时、现在完成时、现在进行时和一般过去时的句子中的使用情况。被动语态还可以和大部分情态动词连用（包括具有部分情态功能的will和 would）。He may have been told the news.他或许已被告知这消息了。词汇学习 Word study1．drive（1）vt.，vi. 驾驶，驾车：You must have been driving at seventy miles an hour. 你刚才一定是以每小时70英里的速度开车。Mary drives(her car) very slowly.玛丽开车开得很慢。（2）vt. 赶，驱赶，围赶（猎物、敌人等）：With the help of two dogs, he drove the sheep down the mountain.在两只牧羊犬的帮助下，他把羊从山上赶了下来。（3）vt. 逼迫，迫使：Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad.飞机正在慢慢地把我逼疯。The death of all her children has driven her mad. 她所有的孩子的去世把她逼疯了。2．home与househome 一般译为“家”、“家庭”，着重指所居住的人，常有爱、温暖、舒适、安全等隐含意义。house通常译为“房子”、“房屋”、“住宅”，指的是建筑物。试体会它们的区别：They live in a large house.他们住在一所大房子里。（不可用home）My father is at home now.我父亲现在在家。（不可用 house/at house）Tom must be somewhere in the house.汤姆肯定在这屋子里的某个地方。（不可用home）I have a sweet home.我有一个甜蜜的家庭。（不可用house）练习答案 Key to written exercises1．关键句型练习答案A …passing planes can be heard(1.2); The airport was built (1.2); it could not be used then(1. 3); a hundred people must have been driven away(11.4-5); this house will be knocked down by a passing plane(11.6-7); I have been offered a large sum of money(1.7)C 1 A message will be sent immediately.2 All these goods must be sold.3 I told you the parcel would be received in time.4 The letter has to be delivered by hand.5 Your letter must have been lost In the post.2．难点练习答案A (sample answers)The dog drove the sheep out of the field.The police drove the crowds back.I drove my car into the garage.B1 home 2 houses 3 house 4 home3．多项选择题答案1c 2d 3c 4d 5a 6c7b 8b 9a 10d 11c 12cLesson 22A glass envelope玻璃信封 课文详注 Further notes on the text1．A glass envelope, （标题）玻璃信封。因为第一封信是装在瓶子里的，瓶子便成了那张写有地址的纸条的玻璃信封。2．My daughter, Jane, never dreamed of receiving a letter from a girl of her own age in Holland. 我的女儿简从未想过会收到荷兰一位同龄姑娘的来信。文中 dreamed of后面的部分都是宾语。动名词 receiving带有自己的宾语 a letter。（ cf. 第 20课语法）receive… from…表示“从……收到……”。3．Last year, we were travelling across the Channel and Jane put a piece of paper with her name and address on it into a bottle. 去年，当我们横渡英吉利海峡时，简把写有她姓名和住址的一张纸条装进了一只瓶子。（1）在写到过去的事情时，一般过去时和过去进行时可以连用。过去进行时往往用来表示背景，一般过去时表示发生的动作。在这句话中，travelling across the Channel是个持续时间较长的背景动作。（2）the Channel=the English Channel（channel如果大写，并且除了the以外没有其他定语时，则指英吉利海峡）。（3）with在这里表示“有”、“带有”、“具有”等，指纸条上写的内容。4．She never thought of it again…此后她就再没去想那只瓶子……think of指“考虑”、“想”、“想起”等：Do you ever think of the girls you met at a party?你会想起你在一个晚会上遇到的姑娘们吗？5．Both girls write to each other regularly now. 现在这两位姑娘定期通信了。both的用法在第14课词汇学习中已经讲过。它用在名词前面时，of可有可无。在both girls中，both为形容词；在both of the…结构中，both为代词。each other指互相，一般作宾语。6．Letters will cost a little more, but they will certainly travel faster. 这样会稍微多花点钱，但肯定是快得多了。（1）more和faster都是副词的比较级。这里隐含的比较成分是邮局寄信与海上漂瓶。（2）动词cost意为“（使）花费”、“价钱为……”，其主语通常为某物或某件事情：It costs a lot to buy a house.买一所房子要花许多钱。The dress cost me twenty pounds.这件连衣裙花了我20英镑。语法 Grammar in use后面可跟of，from，in和on的动词许多动词后面加上介词后仍具有其通常意义，但它们与哪些介词连用却往往是固定的，如borrow from，believe in（相信，信仰），receive from等。还有些动词可与不同的介词连用，而动词的意义改变并不大，如dream of/about，help in/with，expect of/from等。在学习中，要牢记哪些介词与它们连用。如下动词和介词通常可以分开使用，可以有自己的宾语，并且大部分都可用于被动结构。（1）与of连用的动词Someone must warn him of the difficulties. 必须有人提醒他有这些困难。He has already been warned of them.他已经被警告过了。（被动结构）Don't expect too much of your child.不要对你的孩子期望太高。He must have spoken of the matter to John. 他肯定对约翰谈起过这件事。I have never heard of the actress.我从来没听说过这位女演员。（2）与from连用的动词He borrowed three books from Mary.他从玛丽那里借了3本书。He always asks for help from his parents. 他总是向父母求助。（3）与in连用的动词Do you believe in everything he says?你相信他的每一句话吗？She delights in working hard.她喜欢努力工作。He failed in his French test. 他法语考试没通过。Jack helped me in driving the sheep home. 杰克帮我把羊赶回家。Mrs. Turner is experienced in teaching. 特纳夫人很有教学经验。（4）与on连用的动词He finally decided on going home. 他最后决定回家。You can't live on fruit only.你不能只吃水果。Last Sunday, we called on Mr. Dupont. 上星期天，我们拜访了杜邦先生。词汇学习 Word study1．dream（1）vt. 做梦，梦见：I dreamt/dreamed I was in Scotland. 我梦见我在苏格兰。（2）vt. 做梦，梦见（与of，about连用）：I often dream of/about you.我经常梦见你。I dreamt of a large empty room.我梦见一个很大的空房间。（3）n.梦；梦想，幻想。I dreamt/had an interesting dream last night. 昨晚我做了一个有趣的梦。Have you heard of the American Dream?你听说过美国之梦吗？2．throw vt.（1）投，扔，抛：Don't throw stones at the dog.别向那狗扔石头。Throw the ball to Tom.把球扔给汤姆。Shall I throw this old newspaper away?我把这旧报纸扔掉好吗？（2）把……对准目标；向……作出举动：George was very happy today. Julie had thrown a smile at him in the morning.乔治今天很开心。早上朱莉朝他微笑了一下。The boss threw him an angry look.老板恼怒地看了他一眼。练习答案 Key to written exercises1．关键句型练习答案1 from 2 on 3 in 4 on 5 from6 from 7 of 8 on 9 from 10 in11 on…in 12 of 13 in 14 on 15 of16 of 17 from 18 of…on 19 on 20 of…of21 of 22 of/from 23 of 24 from 25 in2 6on 27 on 28 from 29 on 30 in31 from 32 on 33 on 34 on 35 in36 from 37 on 38 on 39 in 40 of41 on 42 on 43 of 44 in 45 in46 in 47 from 48 of 49 of 50 of51 on 52 of 53 from 54 in2．多项选择题答案1d 2b 3d 4d 5b 6d7a 8 c 9d 10 a 11b 12 b
淇淇爱添添
Lesson 4 An exciting trip 激动人心的旅行I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting. 我刚刚收到弟弟蒂姆的来信，他正在澳大利亚。他在那儿已经住了6个月了。蒂姆是个工程师，正在一家大公司工作，并且已经去过澳大利亚的不少地方了。他刚买了一辆澳大利亚小汽车，现在去了澳大利亚中部的小镇艾利斯斯普林斯。他不久还将到达达尔文去，从那里，他再飞往珀斯。我弟弟以前从未出过国，因此，他觉得这次旅行非常激动人心。Lesson 6 Percy Buttons 珀西·巴顿斯I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street. Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. I gave him a meal. He ate the food and drank the beer. Then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. Later a neighbor told me about him. Everybody knows him. His name is Percy Buttons. He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer. 我刚刚搬进了大桥街的一所房子。昨天一个乞丐来敲我的门，问我要一顿饭和一杯啤酒。作为回报，那乞丐头顶地倒立起来，嘴里还唱着歌。我给了他一顿饭。他把食物吃完，又喝了酒。然后把一块乳酪装进衣袋里走了。后来，一位邻居告诉了我他的情况。大家都认识他，他叫珀西.巴顿斯。他每月对这条街上的每户人家光顾一次，总是请求给他一顿饭和一杯啤酒。Lesson 11 One good turn deserves another 礼尚往来I was having dinner at a restaurant when Harry Steele came in. Harry worked in a lawyer's office years ago, but he is now working at a bank. He gets a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back. Harry saw me and came and sat at the same table. He has never borrowed money from me. While he was eating, I asked him to lend me twenty pounds. To my surprise, he gave me the money immediately. 'I have never borrowed any money from you,' Harry said, 'so now you can pay for my dinner!' 我正在一家饭馆吃饭，托尼.斯蒂尔走了进来。托尼曾在一家律师事务所工作，而现在正在一家银行上班。他的薪水很高，但他却总是向朋友借钱，并且从来不还。托尼看见了我，就走过来和我坐到一张桌子前。他从未向我借过钱。当他吃饭时，我提出向他借20英镑。令我惊奇的是，他立刻把钱给了我。“我还从未向你借过钱，”托尼说道，“所以现在你可以替我付饭钱了！”Lesson 13 The Greenwood Boys 绿林少年The Greenwood Boys are a group of popular singers. At present, they are visiting all parts of the country. They will be arriving here tomorrow. They will be coming by train and most of the youngpeople in the town will be meeting them at the station. Tomorrow evening they will be singing at the Workers' Club. The Greenwood Boys will be staying for five days. During this time, they will give five performances. As usual, the police will have a difficult time. They will be trying to keep order. It is always the same on these occasions. “绿林少年”是一个流行歌曲演唱团。目前他们正在全国各地巡回演出，明天就要到达此地。他们将乘火车来，镇上的大部分青年人将到车站迎接他们。明晚他们将在工人俱乐部演出。“绿林少年”准备在此逗留5天。在此期间，他们将演出5场。同往常一样，警察的日子将不好过，他们将设法维持秩序。每逢这种场合，情况都是这样。Lesson20 One man in a boat 独坐孤舟Fishing is my favorite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this does not worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I am even less lucky. I never catch anything-not even old boots. After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. 'You must give up fishing!' my friends say.' It's a waste of time.' But they don't realize one important thing. I'm not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all! 钓鱼是我特别喜爱的一项运动。我经常一钓数小时却一无所获，但我从不为此烦恼。有些垂钓者就是不走运，他们往往鱼钓不到，却钓上来些旧靴子和垃圾。我的运气甚至还不及他们。我什么东西也未钓到过 -- 就连旧靴子也没有。我总是在河上呆上整整一上午，然后空着袋子回家。“你可别再钓鱼了！”我的朋友们说，“这是浪费时间。”然而他们没有认识到重要的一点，我并不是真的对钓鱼有兴趣，我感兴趣的只是独坐孤舟，无所事事！Lesson22 A glass envelope 玻璃信封My daughter, Jane, never dreamed of receiving a letter from a girl of her own age in Holland. Last year, we were travelling across the Channel and Jane put a piece of paper with her name and address on it into a bottle. She threw the bottle into the sea. She never thought of it again, but ten months later, she received a letter from a girl in Holland. Both girls write to each other regularly now. However, they have decided to use the post-office. Letters will cost a litt1e more, but they will certainly travel faster. 我的女儿简从未想过会接到荷兰一位同龄姑娘的来信。去年，当我们横渡英吉利海峡时，简把写有她姓名和住址的一张纸条装进了一只瓶子，又将瓶子扔进了大海。此后她就再没去想那只瓶子。但10个月以后，她收到了荷兰一位姑娘的来信。现在这两位姑娘定期通信了。然而她们还是决定利用邮局。这样会稍微多花点钱，但肯定是快得多了。Lesson27 A wet night 雨夜Late in the afternoon, the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field. As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal over an open fire. They were all hungry and the food smelt good. After a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang songs by the camp fire. But some time later it began to rain. The boys felt tired so they pet out the fire and crept into their tent. Their sleeping-bags were warm and comfortable, so they all slept soundly. In the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began shouting. The tent was full of water! They all leapt out of their sleeping-bags and hurried outside. It was raining heavily and they found that a stream had formed in the field. The stream wound its way across the field and then flowed right under their tent! 傍晚时分，孩子们在田野中央搭起了帐篷。这件事刚刚做完，他们就在篝火上烧起了饭。他们全都饿了，饭菜散发出阵阵香味。他们美美地吃了一顿饭后，就围在营火旁讲起了故事，唱起了歌。但过了一阵子。天下起雨来，于是他们扑灭了篝火，钻进了帐篷。睡袋既暖和又舒服，所以，他们都睡得很香。午夜前后，有两个孩子醒了，大声叫了起来。原来帐篷里到处都是水！他们全都跳出睡袋，跑到外面。雨下得很大，他们发现地上已经形成了一条小溪。那小溪弯弯曲曲穿过田野，然后正好从他们的帐篷底下流过去。Lesson31 Success story 成功者的故事Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man. Frank is now the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop. It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours a day. He saved money for years and in 1938 he bought a small work-shop of his own. During the war Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes. At that time he had two helpers. By the end of the war, the small work-shop had become a large factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people. Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success. He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in. She wanted him to repair their son's bicycle! 昨天下午弗兰克.霍金斯向我讲述了他年轻时的经历。在退休前，弗兰克是一家非常大的商业公司的经理，但他小时候却在一家小铺里做工。他那时的工作是修理自行车，并且通常是一天工作14个小时。他靠多年积蓄，于1958年买下了自己的一个小铺子。20多岁的时候，弗兰克曾生产飞机零配件。那时他有两个帮手。几年之后，小铺子已经发展成了一个雇有728人的大工厂。弗兰克回想着他早年的艰难经历和走过的漫长的成功之路，微笑了。他正笑着的时候门开了，他的妻子走了进来。她叫他去修理孙子的自行车。Lesson34 Quick work 破案“神速”Ted Robinson has been worried all the week. Last Tuesday he received a letter from the local police. In the letter he was asked to call at the station. Ted wondered why he was wanted by the police, but he went to the station yesterday and now he is not worried any more. At the station, he was told by a smiling policeman that his bicycle had been found. Five days ago, the policeman told him, the bicycle was picked up in a small village four hundred miles away. It is now being sent to his home by train. Ted was most surprised when he heard the news. He was amused too, because he never expected the bicycle to be found. It was stolen twenty years ago when Ted was a boy of fifteen! 丹.鲁宾逊焦虑了整整一个星期。上星期二他收到当地警察局的一封信，要他到警察局去一趟。丹奇怪警察为什么找他，但昨天还是去了，结果他一再担心了。在警察局里，一位面带笑容的警察告诉他，他的自行车找到了。那位警察对他说，那辆自行车是5天前在400英里外的一个小村里发现的，现在正用火车给他运回家来。丹听到这个消息后，惊奇万分，但又感到非常好笑，因为他从未指望那辆自行车还能找到。这是20年前丹还是一个15岁的孩子时被人偷走的！这个材料好难找啊··· 望采纳
