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2019年6月英语六级翻译真题一、
中国幅员辽阔,人口众多,很多地方人们都说自己的方言。方言在发音上差别最大,词汇和语法差别较小。有些方言,特别是北方和南方的方言,差异很大,以至于说不同方言的人常常很难听懂彼此的讲话。方言被认为是当地文化的一个组成部分,但近年来能说方言的人数不断减少。为了鼓励人们更多说本地方言,一些地方政府已经采取措施,如在学校开设方言课,在广播和电视上播放方言节目,以期保存本地的文化遗产。
参考译文:
As a country boasting a vast territory and encompassing a large population, people in many places of China speak their own dialects. Dialects vary greatly in pronunciation but slightly in vocabulary and grammar. Some dialects, especially those from the north and the south, are so different that their speakers often have trouble understanding each other. Although dialects are considered as an integral part of the local culture, the number of people who can speak them has been undergoing a continuous decline in recent years. In order to encourage people to speak local dialects more often, some local governments have taken measures such as setting up dialect courses and broadcasting dialect programs on radio and TV, with a hope to preserve the local cultural heritage.
2019年6月英语六级翻译真题二、
汉语现在是世界上用作本族语人数最多的语言。汉语与西方语言的一个重要区别在于它是以方块字(character)而不是以字母构成的。目前仍在使用的书写系统中,汉语是最古老的。在中国,来自不同地区的人可能听不懂对方的方言,但由于汉字有统一的书写形式,他们交流起来几乎没有任何困难。汉语历史上对团结中华民族发挥了重要作用。今天,随着中国经济的快速增长和全球影响力的增强,越来越多其他国家的人也开始学习汉语。
参考译文:
The Chinese language is used as native language by the greatest number of people in the world. One of the significant distinctions between Chinese and Western languages lies in that it is composed of characters rather than letters. The Chinese language is the oldest writing system still in use. In China, although people from different regions may not understand each other's dialects, they have little difficulty in communicating because Chinese characters are written in a uniform form. The Chinese language has played quite an important role in the unification of the Chinese nation in history. Nowadays, with China's rapid economic growth and increasing global influence, more and more people in other countries begin to learn Chinese.
2019年6月英语六级翻译真题三、
成语(Chinese idioms)是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式,大多由四个汉字组成。它们高度简练且形式固定,但通常能形象地表达深刻的含义。成语大多来源于中国古代的文学作品,通常与某些神话、传说或者历史事件有关。如果不知道某个成语的出处,就很难理解其确切含义。因此,学习成语有助于人们更好地理解中国传统文化。成语在日常会话和文学创作中广泛使用。恰当使用成语可以使一个人的语言更具表现力,交流更有效。
参考译文:Chinese idioms are a unique way of expression in Chinese, mostly composed of four characters. Although highly concise and fixed in form, they usually can convey profound meaning vividly. Most idioms are derived from ancient Chinese literary works and are usually related to some myths, legends or historical events. It is difficult to understand the exact meaning of an idiom without knowledge of its origin. Therefore, learning idioms helps people better understand Chinese traditional culture. Idioms are widely used in daily conversation and literary creation. Proper use of idioms can make one's language more expressive and communication more effective.
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john123kong
Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
成语(Chinese idioms)是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式,大多由四个汉字组成。它们高度简练且形式固定,但通常能形象地表达深刻的含义。成语大多数来源于中国古代的文学作品,通常与某些神话、传说或者历史事件有关。如果不知道某个成语的出处,就很难理解其确切含义。因为,学习成语有助于人们更好地理解中国传统文化。成语在日常会话和文学创作中广泛使用。恰当使用成语可以使一个人的语言更具表现力,交流更有效。
【译文】
Chinese idioms are unique expressions in Chinese, mostly composed of four Chinese characters. Despite the extreme conciseness and fixed format, they usually convey/express profound meanings visually. These idioms, largely derived from ancient Chinese literary works, are usually related to certain myths, legends or historical events. It will be difficult to understand/grasp the exact meaning without knowing the source of an idiom. Therefore, learning idioms can help people understand Chinese traditional culture better. Idioms are widely used in daily conversations and literary works. Proper use of idioms can make one’s language more expressive and communication more effective.
1.成语( Chinese idioms)是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式,大多由四个汉字组成。
题目中给出了成语二字的英语,但是给出的形式是复数,但中文后面又说是“一种”,此时就要注意保持主谓一致;
“由……组成”可以是consist of,也可以是be composed of,此处给出的译文中省略了“which are”,更加简洁;
“汉字”就是“character”,如果仅用Chinese一词,是无法准确表达出四个汉字的意思的。
2.它们高度简练且形式固定,但通常能形象地表达深刻的含义。
此处的“高度简练”、“形式固定”可以用形容词词组“highly concise and formally fixed”来翻译,也可以用名词词组“extreme conciseness and fixed format”来翻译,英文中更多用名词来表示;
形象地可以用“vividly/visually”来表示,而“表达”除了最直接的“express”之外,还可以用“convey/deliver”;
“…,但…”可以在后面用but,也可以在前面用despite/in spite of +N。
3成语大多来源于中国古代的文学作品,通常与某些神话、传说或者历史事件有关。
前面已经出现了Chinese idioms,也出现了they,所以这里我们再换一个说法,改写为“These idioms”;
“来源于”有很多同义表达:originate from/stem from/derive from;
“与…有关”是“be related to/be associated with”
4如果不知道某个成语的出处,就很难理解其确切含义。
这句话中,中文省略了主语,如果用if从句,我们应该补充主语,这种情况下一般用one来补充较好,也就是“if one fails to know”,如果不想使用人称代词,也可以译成“without knowing”,后半句用:it is adj.+ to do sth. 来避免人称代词的出现
“出处”也就是“来源”,可以联想到“source”;因此,学习成语有助于人们更好地理解中国传统文化。
“因此”:therefore; hence; consequently; thus
“有助于”最简单的译法就是help,如果想用更高级的词语,可以用到contribute to/ be conducive to/conduce to
“更好地理解”可以用understand的动词 “understand sth. better”,也可以转化为用其名词的译法:“gain a better understanding of sth.”
成语在日常会话和文学创作中广泛使用。
“日常会话”译为daily/everyday conversation;而“文学创作”译为“literary works”,想不到works用creation也可以,但是更中式, literature也是可以的;
这个句子中文也是主动句,但是译成英语是要变成被动,成语是“被人们使用的”,也就是“are widely used in”,注意保持主谓一致
恰当使用成语可以使一个人的语言更具表现力,交流更有效。
在这个句子中,“恰当使用成句”是主语,这个主语又可以拆分为一句话,但是我们在这里可以直接把使用译为名词,避免了不必要的复杂翻译,也就是“proper use of idioms”;
“语言更具表现力,交流更有效”这两部分是并列的,所以翻译时尽量保持两部分的形式一致,可以稍微做一些转化,“有效”是形容词,“表现力”是名词,所以我们把表现力转化成“有表现力的”,也就是effective和expressive。
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