鲜嫩的小豆芽
关于“鸟的天堂” “鸟的天堂”是指一株有500年树龄的古榕树，位于广东省新惠县天马河上。它的树冠大得出奇，浓阴覆盖着天马河心上的二十多亩地。现在大榕树南面的50米处建有观鸟楼，可川观赏“鸟的天堂”、热带植物、农舍风光。天马河中有潜艇，可供游客观鸟和游玩。 气生根是生箕空气中的一种变态根，如榕树的枝干上长出许多不定根，可以一直垂入到土壤。此种气生根没有根毛的根冠，不能吸收养分，但能吸收空气中的水分，也有呼吸的功能。由于气生根扎入土内，起了支持作用，使榕树冠得以发展，故有“独木成林”之感。热带森林中的许多植物也有发达的气生根，气生根因作用不同，又可分为呼吸根、支柱根、攀根和吸器根。 五百年前，这里原有一个泥墩，一棵榕树，经长期繁衍，成为覆盖有二公顷的小岛。岛上的榕林栖息着数十多种小鸟，尤以白鹤和灰鹤最多。白鹤朝出晚归，灰鹤暮出晨归，一早一晚，相互交替，翩翩飞舞，嘎嘎而鸣，蔚为壮观。20世纪30年代，著名作家巴金游后写了《鸟的天堂》，1982年他亲笔题了“鸟的天堂”四字，更为这风景区增色不少。树长起来后便有气息，气根向下长入土后成树枝，枝大成树又有气根下垂入土，如此不断循环，加上小泥堆不断因河水冲积成为小岛，树越来越大，成为有十五亩阔的榕岛了。如果您划艇靠近榕墩，环境一周，就会见到榕林里面树枝交错、鸟巢一个个散布其中、鸟群飞上飞下的奇景了，真有“人间毕竟有天堂”之感。 江门新会的“小鸟天堂”，名气很大。记得孩童时代，便知道这里因我国著名作家巴金先生的《鸟的天堂》一文而名声大震，使此后的“小鸟天堂”成为远近闻名的旅游景点。只要一提起它，脑海里便会构筑起一幅美好的画图，想像着新会那一棵很出名的榕树，树上每天有数不清的小鸟。 而人们最近前往“小鸟天堂”观鸟，却颇感失望，绕小岛两圈，没有见到小鸟群飞的盛景。据当地人介绍，由于小鸟生存的生态大环境发生了改变：即小鸟周边被开发，原有的农田、水塘被破坏，环绕小岛的天马河的水质遭到污染，小鸟不断地飞到其他地方觅食，不再回来，护鸟措施也就显得有些力不从心 ，“鸟的天堂”是广东省的一个闻名中外的旅游风景区。在距广州市100公里外的新会县天门河的河心沙洲上，有一株500多年历史的奇特的大榕树。这棵树的树枝垂到地上，扎入土中，成为新的树干。这样，随着时间的推移，这棵大榕树竟独木成林。林中栖息着成千上万只白鹤、麻鹤、灰鹤和其它鸟雀。白鹤、麻鹤朝出晚归，灰鹤则夜作昼息，它们相互更替，井然有序，构成了一个蔚为壮观的“鸟的世界”。 1924年，著名作家巴金来到这里游览后，有感而发，写出了脍炙人口的散文——《鸟的天堂》。如今，“鸟的天堂”已成为一个著名的风景点，吸引了千千万万的游客。◆ 鸟的天堂指的是一株约500年树龄的大榕树，它位于广东省新会市南部天马村天马河上的一座小岛上。榕树的树冠大得出奇，浓阴覆盖着天马河河心岛上约20多亩土地，独木成林。乘小艇从近处看，枯藤交错，犹如原始森林；从远处看，就成了浮在水面的绿洲，景色奇特迷人。 大树上栖息着成千上万只各种各样的鸟，其中最引人注目的是白鹤和灰麻鹤。白鹤在早晨飞出觅食，至傍晚归巢；而灰麻鹤正好相反，是晚上飞出觅食，天亮时归巢休息。它们每天早晚一进一出，盘旋飞舞，交互更替，很有规律，场面颇为壮观。 1933年，巴金到新会访友时，路过此处，写下了脍炙人口的《鸟的天堂》(一说是《小鸟的天堂》)，更使鸟的天堂美名传扬四海。现在大榕树已成了一处旅游胜地，它的南面50米处建有观鸟楼，可以观赏“鸟的天堂”、热带植物、农舍风光等。天马河中有游艇，可供游客观鸟和游玩。 榕树常绿乔木，树干分枝多，树冠大。叶子椭圆形或卵形，花黄色或淡红色。生长在热带和亚热带。多年生的榕树，树枝可长出黑色的根须直垂地下，当它扎入土中时，又成为树干。榕树的叶、根、树皮均可入药。 画眉鸟身体棕褐色，腹部灰白色，头、后颈和背部有黑色斑纹，有白色的眼圈，叫的声音很好听。 “小鸟天堂”四面环水，有一株巨大古榕树，树冠的覆盖面积达一公顷，数以千计的白的、灰的鹭鸶栖息其间。白天，白鹭飞出觅食，夜间归来。傍晚，灰鹭飞出，晨早归来。鸟群悠闲自乐，见了人也不受惊。 著名作家巴金曾来此游历后写了一篇游记《鸟的天堂》，因而这棵榕树便有了一个富有诗意的名称——“小鸟天堂”。相传，此树植于明代景泰年间，距今已有五百多年的历史了。 小鸟天堂位于新会城区以南10公里的天马村河中。 这里是全国最大的天然赏鸟乐园。这里是人们心驰神往的旅游胜地。小鸟天堂是侨乡广东新会著名的国际级生态旅游景点，位于距城区10公里的天马村。她以数百年的悠久历史，占地达18 亩，远看像一片浮动绿洲的古独榕，堪称南国奇观。而每天栖息在这棵美丽大树上数以万计的各种野生鹭鸟，暮出晨归，嘎嘎而鸣，翩翩起舞，更蔚为壮观。这一自然景象出现在人口稠密区，生生不息，已延续了384年（明万历戌午年公元老派1618年始于“雀墩”），形成了人与自然和谐相处、共同发展的典范，实属罕见。历年来，吸引了大批中外游客慕名而至。 “一株榕树便天堂”，一句诗概括了小鸟天堂的特点。三百八十多年前，这里原是一个水中泥墩，一棵榕树经长期繁衍，成为覆盖面积达一公顷的“独木林”，泥墩也成为绿岛。岛上的榕树长期栖息着数万只的十多种小鸟，尤以白鹭和灰鹭最多。白鹭朝出晚归，灰鹭暮出晨归，一早一晚，相互交替，盘旋飞翔，嘎嘎而鸣，蔚为奇观，形成“独木成林古榕树、百鸟出巢、百鸟归巢”三大自然奇观。380多年来，天马人一直用“爱树护鸟，爱护自己，爱护子孙”的祖训教育着一代又一代的后人，用各种各样方式保护这个赖以生存的环境，使这个自然奇观完好无损地保护至今。1933年，著名作家巴金游后写了散文《鸟的天堂》，“小鸟天堂”从此得名。
不管三七
木名。常绿大乔木。树干分枝多，覆盖面广，有气根。叶子互生，椭圆形或卵形；花黄色或淡红色；果实倒卵形，黄色或赤褐色。生长在热带地方。木材褐红色，可制器具，果可食；根、叶、树汁均可作药用。
angela颖宝贝
榕树banyan banian East Indian tree that puts out aerial shoots that grow down into the soil forming additional trunksA banyan is a fig that starts its life as an epiphyte when its seeds germinate in the cracks and crevices on a host tree (or on structures like buildings and bridges). "Banyan" often refers specifically to the species Ficus benghalensis, though the term has been generalized to include all figs that share a unique life cycle, and sytematically to refer to the subgenus Urostigma[1] The seeds of banyans are dispersed by fruit-eating birds. The seeds germinate and send down roots towards the ground, and may envelope part of the host tree or building structure with their roots, giving them the casual name of "strangler fig". The "strangling" growth habit is found in a number of tropical forest species, particularly of the genus Ficus, that compete for light.[2][3][4] Any Ficus species showing this habit may be termed a strangler fig.Older banyan trees are characterized by their aerial prop roots which grow into thick woody trunks which, with age, can become indistinguishable from the main trunk. Old trees can spread out laterally using these prop roots to cover a wide area. The largest such tree is now found in Kolkata in India. One of the most famous of banyan trees was planted in Kabirvad, Gujarat. Records show that Kabirvad is more than 300 years old. Another famous banyan tree was planted in 1873 in Lahaina's Courthouse Square in Hawai'i, and has now grown to cover two-thirds of an acre.Like other Fig species (which includes the common edible fig Ficus carica), banyans have unique fruit structures and are dependent on fig wasps for reproduction.[edit] EtymologyThe name was originally given to F. benghalensis and comes from India where early travellers observed that the shade of the tree was frequented by banias or Indian traders.[5]In the Gujarati language, banyan means "merchant", not "tree". The Portuguese picked up the word to refer specifically to Hindu merchants and passed it along to the English as early as 1599 with the same meaning. By 1634, English writers began to tell of the banyan tree, a tree under which Hindu merchants would conduct their business. The tree provided a shaded place for a village meeting or for merchants to sell their goods. Eventually banyan came to mean the tree itself. Today, the banyan is considered sacred in India and Pakistan, where it represents eternal life because of its seemingly ever-expanding branches.[edit] Classification Early stages of a strangler fig on a host tree in the Western Ghats.The proper noun Banyan refers specifically to the species F. benghalensis, which can grow into a giant tree covering several hectares. Over time, the name became generalized to all strangler figs. It appears that "banyan" is the more common term in Asia, Australia and Oceania, while "strangler fig" is more often used in the Americas and Africa.[citation needed] There are many banyan species, including:Ficus microcarpa, which is native from Sri Lanka through New Caledonia and is a significant invasive species elsewhere. The Central American Banyan (Ficus pertusa) is native to Central America and northern South America, from southern Mexico south to Paraguay. The Shortleaf Fig (Ficus citrifolia) is native to southern Florida, the Caribbean Islands, Central America and South America south to Paraguay. One theory is that the Portuguese name for F. citrofolia, "Los Barbados", gave Barbados its name. The Florida Strangler Fig (Ficus aurea) is also native to southern Florida and the Caribbean Islands, and distinguished from the above by its coarser leaf venation. The Moreton Bay Fig (Ficus marcrophylla) and Port Jackson Fig (Ficus rubiginosa) are other related speciesIn cultureReligion and mythology Ficus macrophylla in the Orto botanico di Palermo, ItalyIn Hindu religion, the banyan tree is considered sacred and is called "Ashwath Vriksha" ("I am Banyan tree among trees" - Bhagavad Gita). It represents eternal life because of its seemingly ever-expanding branches. In Hindu mythology, the banyan tree is also called kalpavriksha meaning 'wish fulfilling divine tree'. In modern parlance in the Hindi language, it is known as Bargad, Vatavriksh, and Barh. In many stories of Philippine Mythology, the banyan, (locally known as balite) is said to be home to a variety of spirits and demon-like creatures (among the Visayans, specifically, dili ingon nato,meaning "things not like us"). Maligno (Mystical creatures) associated with it include the kapre (a giant), dwende (dwarves), and especially the tikbalang (a creature whose top half is a horse and whose bottom half is a human). [6] In Guam, 'Chamorro people believe in tales of taotaomona, duendes and other spirits. Taotaomona are spirits of the ancient Chamorro that act as guardians to banyan trees.[7] Locations Banyan of undetermined species in Fort Myers, FloridaCity of Vadodara in western India is named after Banyan Tree. Ta Prohm in the Angkor Wat temple complex of Cambodia is well known for the giant banyans that grow up, around and through its walls. Several banyans can be found near downtown Hilo, Hawaii. Some of them were planted by celebrities throughout the 20th century and form the Banyan Drive. Strangler figs also occur in areas of Australia such as the Daintree rainforest in Queensland's far north. Well known is the Curtain Fig Tree on the Atherton Tablelands. The first banyan tree in the U.S. was planted by Thomas Alva Edison in Fort Myers, Florida. It was given to Edison by Harvey Firestone after Firestone visited India in 1925 and was planted in the Edison and Ford Winter Estates. The tree, originally only 4 feet (1.2 m) tall, now covers 400 feet (120 m). Fiction Robinson Crusoe, in the 1719 novel by Daniel Defoe makes his home in a banyan tree. Brian Aldiss, in his novel Hothouse, describes a future Earth where a single huge banyan covers half of the globe, due to the fact that individual trees discover the ability to join together, as well as drop adventitious roots. On the Steely Dan album "Aja", the title track includes the lyrics: "Chinese music under banyan trees / Here at the dude ranch above the sea" In Stephen R. Donaldson's Chronicles of Thomas Covenant, he describes the giant tree-city of Revelwood being built out of a huge banyan with multiple trunks that occupies an entire valley. Other The coat of arms of IndonesiaThe banyan is part of the coat of arms of Indonesia. It is meant to symbolise the unity of Indonesia - one country with many far-flung roots. Royal Navy and Royal Australian Navy personnel use the term "banyan" to mean a spell ashore for a BBQ on some deserted beach. "Banyan Rig" denotes the casual (and often traditionally tasteless) clothes worn for these events. The underground roots of a banyan species found in the Amazon are cut into 10 cm lengths, dried and smoked regularly to relieve pain. This practice originated in the Amazon. There are no visible side effects.[citation needed] 榕树印度榕树印度商人东方印度的树,其发出成长为土壤形成附加短内裤的下来航空的发射的一棵印度榕树是一无花果,当它的种子在一棵主人树上(或者有关像建筑物和桥)结构劈啪声和裂缝中发芽的时候,其开始它的作为一附生植物生活的."印度榕树"常常特别提到品种Ficus benghalensis虽然术语已经是未分化的,包含所有的无花果,其分担一独一无二生命周期和sytematically亚属请参阅Urostigma[[1]的印度榕树的种子被水果-吃饭鸟驱散.种子发芽和使向地根下降,和信封部分主人树或者建筑物可以用他们的根设计给他们"扼杀者无花果"的偶然名字."strangling"成长习惯被热带森林品种的在数量上找出,尤其是争夺light.[[2][[3][[4]的类Ficus任何展示这个习惯Ficus品种可以被被称为一扼杀者图更老印度榕树树的特点是他们的航空的支柱根,其成长为随着年龄,能变得和主要树干无法区分的厚树木茂盛的短内裤的.老树能扩展出去侧面地使用这些支柱根覆盖一个宽阔区域.现在最大这样树被在Kolkata中在印度发现.一个印度榕树树的最出名被在Kabirvad,古吉拉特邦上固定.记录展示Kabirvad是超过300岁.另一棵出名印度榕树树被在Lahaina的法院大楼中在Hawai'i中四方在1873上固定和有现在要盖住三分之两-的一大量长出.喜欢另一无花果品种(哪一个包含共用可食用无花果Ficus carica),印度榕树为复制品有独一无二水果结构和是依靠无花果小蜂.[编辑]词形变化早在那里旅行家注意到树的荫凉处被banias或者印度的traders.[[5]常去,名字被原来给F. benghalensis和来自印度在古吉拉特语语言中,印度榕树意味着"商人",不"树".葡萄牙人随着同样的意思继续词特别提到印度人的商人和沿着把它传给早在1599英语.到1634年,英语作者开始印度榕树的告诉树,一棵树在其之下印度人的商人将进行他们的生意.树提供稍稍有一点一村落会议或者商人出售他们的货物地方.最终印度榕树开始意味着它自己树.今天,印度榕树在印度和巴基斯坦它在哪里,由于它的永远-表面上扩展分枝代表永生的被认为是神圣.[编辑]分类一在一棵在西部片Ghats.The专有名词印度榕树中主人树上扼杀者无花果的初期特别提到品种F.能变为一巨人树覆盖物长出几公顷的benghalensis.在时间的时间中,名字变得对所有的扼杀者图好像与此同时"扼杀者无花果"那里更常常在美洲和Africa.[[需要]引用使用的,"印度榕树"是更共用在亚洲术语,澳大利亚和澳洲是未分化的包含很多印度榕树品种:Ficus microcarpa,其从斯里兰卡通过新喀里多尼亚是故土和其它地方是一重要入侵的品种的.中美洲印度榕树((Ficus pertusa)去巴拉圭向南是从南方墨西哥中美洲和北方南亚美利加洲土生土长.Shortleaf无花果((Ficus citrifolia)去巴拉圭向南是南方佛罗里达,加勒比海的岛,中美洲和南亚美利加洲土生土长.理论是为F. citrofolia",Los巴巴多斯"葡萄牙人名字给巴巴多斯它的名字的.佛罗里达扼杀者无花果((Ficus aurea)也是南方佛罗里达和加勒比海的岛土生土长和从上面的按它的更粗糙树叶脉序辨认.大叶榕((Ficus marcrophylla)和港口杰克逊Fig((Ficus rubiginosa)是另一相关品种在文化宗教和神话中在Orto botanicodi巴勒莫,ItalyIn印度人的宗教,印度榕树树中Ficus macrophylla被认为是神圣和被被称作"Ashwath Vriksha"的(我是在树-"福者之歌"中间印度榕树树.它由于它的永远-表面上扩展分枝代表永生.在印度人的神话中,印度榕树树是也称为kalpavriksha意思'心愿履行神树'.在印地语语言中现代说法中,它是以是Bargad,Vatavriksh和Barh而闻名.在菲律宾的神话的很多层楼中,(在附近称作balite)印度榕树据说在家向各种各样的情绪和像恶魔一样的生物((在Visayans中间,特别,dili ingon北大西洋公约组织,意思"东西不喜欢我们)".Maligno和它有关的(具有心灵意义的生物)包含kapre((一个巨人),dwende((dwarves)和特别tikbalang((一生物,最好的其一半是一匹马和谁的最底下一半是一个人)的.在关岛,夏莫罗人人民身上[6]信仰故事如taotaomona,魅力和另一情绪.Taotaomona是古老夏莫罗人的向印度榕树trees.[[7]充任监护人的情绪位置在堡垒Myers,FloridaCity中在西方印度尚未决定的品种的Vadodara的印度榕树被命名以纪念印度榕树树.在柬埔寨的吴哥Wat庙宇综合体中谢谢Prohm是好以在它的墙周围和通过长大的巨人印度榕树而闻名.几棵印度榕树能被为找到近闹市希洛,夏威夷.他们中的一些在整个第20世纪被名人固定和形成印度榕树推动力.扼杀者无花果在澳大利亚的例如Daintree雨林在昆士兰州的远北方中区域中也发生.好闻名幕布无花果树是在Atherton台地上.第一在美国中印度榕树树被爱迪生在堡垒Myers,佛罗里达上固定.在耐火岩石在爱迪生和福特Winter产业中在1925年访问印度和被固定之后,被哈维Firestone责备爱迪生.现在原来仅有4英尺((1.2米)高树走完400英尺((120米).在经过丹尼尔Defoe 1719小说中小说乘船遇险后靠自己努力得以存活者到达他的在一棵印度榕树树中家.在他的新鲜温室中布赖恩Aldiss描绘一将来地球一在哪里,单一的巨大印度榕树事实个人树发现以及下降不定根一起加入的才能由于盖住地球地球仪的一半的.在钢的丹唱片集"Aja"上,题目轨迹包含抒情诗:在印度榕树下面中国音乐把/占领一整个山谷的巨人树-城市Revelwood,被从一出来巨大印度榕树用多重短内裤建立撵到树上//这里在斯蒂温R. Donaldson的汤姆斯Covenant的"历代志"上册中大海之上度假牧场,他描绘.其他的IndonesiaThe印度榕树的纹章是部分印度尼西亚的纹章.它被对使用符号有印度尼西亚-的整体-有很多分布广的根的一个国家的意义.皇家海军和皇家澳大利亚人海军工作人员使用术语"印度榕树"对于一BBQ在一些空荡荡海滩上上岸意味着一魔法."印度榕树帆装"表示为这些事件所穿的偶然(和常常传统地粗俗)衣服.一在亚马孙河身上发现印度榕树品种的地下根被把分成弄干正常和熏10厘米长度减轻疼痛.这练习源于亚马孙河.事实上没有可见方面effects.[[需要]引用
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