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首页 > 英语培训 > 三权分立英语介绍

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9月8客馆

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三权分立,是西方资本主义国家的基本政治制度,英语写法:checks and balances。主要内容是,立法权、行政权和司法权相互独立、互相制衡。三权分立即为行政、司法、立法三大政府机构共同存在,地位平等且互相制衡的政权组织形式。是当前世界上民主国家普遍采用的一种民主政治制度。与其相对立的政权组织形式是议行合一制。

三权分立英语介绍

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moon黄月月

三权分立的实行 美国 的立国者对政府普遍采取不信任的态度。为了保障公民自由和限制政府的权力,他们接纳了孟德斯鸠的想法,在美国宪法之内清楚地把行政、司法、立法分开而且让它们互相制衡。在当时这种宪法是前所未有的崭新尝试。至今美国联颏政府的三权分立,仍然是众多民主政治中最彻底的。而美国大部分的州政府�3�0有相同的宪制架构。 三权分立常见的问题是如何解决行政及立法机关之间的矛盾。其中一种方法是采用 议会制 。在议会制之下,行政机关的领导来蠪立法机关的多数派。行政。立法的并完全分离。现代一般认为,成功和稳定的自由民主政制不一定需要彻底的三全分立。事实上,除了美国以外,所有开始实行民主便使用总统制的国家,它们的首次民主尝试都以失败告终。相反议会制的成功率反而较高。 就算是三权分立最成功的美国,如何解决三个部分之间的矛盾仍然中间出现阻碍。 1929年 大萧条 时期, 罗斯福 上台颁布一系列法令,并通过国会授权取得 美国 总统 史上前所未有的巨大权力。但 美国联邦法院 却经常驳回一些法令。结果 1935年 1月最高法院以8比1的票数,宣布罗斯砏的《全国工业复兴法》违宪。同年一批失业工人试图利用《最低工资法》来获得工资补偿时,被控方律师则直接指出该法案违反了美国 宪法 第14条修正案。罗斯福为推行新政,1936年3月6日进行了“炉边谈话”,将矛头直指司法部门,要求国会让他无限制增加最高法院法官的数目,间接将司泠部门置于行政部门管辖下。这就引起亠全国范围的激烈讨论。后来联邦最高泠院判决的大法官认为《最低工资法》丠无违宪。有人认为当时大法官是为了侠证三权分立的政治格局而退让。

305 评论(10)

ALONI爱洛尼家居

您好,很高兴为您解答:It is known to us that the political system varies from country to country depending on its different national condition, such as the constitutional monarchy of UK and the People's Congress system of China. Besides, the Separation of the Three Powers is the biggest characteristic of American politics.According to the U.S. Constitution declared that the government was divided into three different branches including a legislative, an executive and a judiciary, in accordance with the idea of separation of power.Each owns its independent power and character. This kind ofr political system enjoys both great advantages and disadvantages.Firstly, they can act independently. This assure their independence and justice.Secondly, they can supervise and balance each other which concludes that none of them can be too powful to surpass the others.Not only does each branch of the government have particular powers each branch has certain powers over the other branches. This is done to keep them balanced and to prevent one branch form ever gaining too much power, which practices the system of checks-and-balances.However, such checks and balances will absolutely results in low efficiency of the goverment. Resources and powers are divided. Three powers may sometimes struggle with each other and cause the failure of some useful actions due to department benefit. Above all, though with some disadvantages, we still believe that the idea of separation and the system of checks-and-balances do have contributed a lot to the development of America as main principle when the government operates. It is a kind of unprecedented and innovative system.根据自己的理解,手工写就!希望对你有帮助!-------------------------------★倾心解答★愿您满意★★欢迎追问★敬请采纳★-------------------------------

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高小贱大琪琪

三权分立 separation of the executive, legislative and judicial powers港台报纸上这么翻译的The separation of powers into three separate branches of government

214 评论(15)

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