赞美劳动的英语诗

扫烟囱孩子①

威廉·布雷克

Today is Labor Day I wanted sleepy of the problems may depend on how in bed together after a while do not want to mother and father ran hastily from which my father said He Shan and I want your mother to buy a big market Guangcai furniture at home idle you nothing you do for a long time on the work you did not clean your room on ah finished cleaning your room left.Father's work, then how can pyronaridine I do not sound lazy to climb up to wash clothes brush it started cleaning the garbage I have to say about a good clean-up to blame the sorry though I am a girl but the room was indeed a public In fact, the landfill vice table I put things out of the room to have a short while into the living room sofa table are filled with things I used Then I put the cloth to clean the table a second time to I have lived for half a table wiping the sweat as well as silk, such as rain fell like a short while, after all, summer is coming so hot on my hand wiped sweat not continue to the table that I am now seriously discredited it So the every corner of the floor had become dirty clean call me a bum sitting on the bed followed by breathing only clean up the garbage on the line out of the room worked hard in my finally clean.Although I am very tired but neat room, I watched very happy!诗歌实在太难找了，希望这篇英语作文能对你有帮助！

这首诗是透过小孩的口吻叙述另一位名叫汤姆?达客的小男孩的遭遇。在此，达客的英文名字（Dacre）是与「黑色」（Dark）相谐音，自有明确的言外之意可说；同时，这首诗更以黑色的棺木暗喻扫烟囱的小孩所置身的煤灰世界，而有批评家就认为把小孩染黑的煤灰代表着人性的残酷（human cruelty）。整首诗最哀婉动人的情节，莫过于达客牺牲原有的金黄柔软的卷发，以换取工作上的方便，因为光着头就不怕被煤灰弄脏，也容易清理。其次，天使的勉励劝慰也已让人感受到一丝无可奈何的凄然，因此当结尾时，扫烟囱的小孩显现出由着期待与憧憬所带来的快乐与安详，就真的让人有「人生到此，天道宁论」（江淹〈恨赋〉）的感慨了！做为阅读者，我们确切知道扫烟囱小孩最终的期待与憧憬在此世是永不可能实现的了。但是，布雷克写诗的原意并不在控诉，他只想写一种情境，一种让人为之不忍的情境。然而，诗歌艺术表现手法中，借着对比矛盾情境的经营所可能造成的「反讽」效果，就在布雷克的扫烟囱小孩这种天真素朴的语调中沉沉浮现。?? ?? 布雷克的〈扫烟囱的小孩〉是与其它的诗作合刊，再加上他亲手绘制的二十七幅图板，而以《天真之歌》（Songs of Innocence）为题发行。随后，在公元一八二四年由英国另一位重要的散文作家兰姆（Charles Lamb, 1775-1834）推荐，放入当时反抗「社会不公义」的社会运动宣导手册之中，做为向国会议员游说废除童工的资料。【这一份社会运动宣导手册是由James Montgomery所编辑，题为《扫烟囱者之友》（Chimney Sweeper’s Friend and Climbing Boy’s Album），有意了解这一段社会运动的相关资料，或许可以参考。】据说扫烟囱小孩的平均年寿很短，更大多数的孩童是在畸形或肺疾的病痛中度过仅存的岁月。英国议会终于在一八四零年的八月七日通过立法废除童工制，而与「哭泣（weep）」谐音同韵的扫烟囱小孩就此正式消失在英国的大街小巷中。?? ?? 剥削与压榨所形成的社会不公义，可以各种不同的形式出现，有时当我们专力注视着宏伟的建筑与数字的成长，我们或许容易忽略、或许也看不见个人身旁随处即有的不义；更有些不义是那么样的细微与细致，而让我们几乎查觉不到它们的确存在。同理，文学艺术工作者可以向我们渲染人性与文明的理性进展，也可以孤芳自赏的诉说着个人的救赎，但应该也有人可以向我们娓娓点醒不同生活中隐约可见的摧折与哭泣。于此，唐代诗人白居易（772-846）倡议「文章合为时而着，歌诗合为事而作」的创作理则或许仍有它的理想性与适用性。我们可能无法确切知悉当英国国会面对社会运动的抗争时，是否曾把参与抗争的团体或人群视为刁顽，但是我们或可想象国会议员当中有人在宴会后在深夜里的清明时刻，突地读到了布雷克的〈扫烟囱的小孩〉，而内心感受到微微一震，历史走向就此不一样了。此时此地，当我们的国会议员只有忙着与行政人员玩着相互抗争与看图识人的游戏时，我们仍否可以天真的期待与憧憬其中有人读到了诗看到了生活，而且内心感受到了微微的一震？

'扫烟囱的孩子'这首诗歌写的是18世纪末19世英国童工盛行的黑暗时代背景。四五岁的男孩子因为身材很小，便被他们的父母当劳动力卖去扫烟囱。而这些小到可以塞进烟囱的孩子作为童工的现象也被当时英国社会普遍接受。 Blake用"扫烟囱的孩子"这首诗歌, 批判了教会主张的通过今生的劳苦换取来世幸福的观点，认为这种主张只会导致人们对剥削的纵容，强调了这种天真无知的观点对社会滥用童工的危险性，指出教会宣扬今生受苦以获来生天堂的教义的危害性，点明教会才是孩子们"痛苦天堂"的缔造者。诗中用向孩子发问者的语气问"你的父母在哪儿"来说明孩子的无助，揭示了这些腐朽教义对社会的不良影响。（才发现是挖坟的 再晃个一年多就步入十年了啊）The poem "The Chimney Sweeper" is set against the dark background of child labour that was prominent in England in the late 18th and 19th century. At the age of four and five, boys were sold to clean chimneys, due to their small size. These children were oppressed and had a diminutive existence that was socially accepted at the time.In 'The Chimney Sweeper' of Innocence, Blake can be interpreted to criticise the view of the Church that through work and hardship, reward in the next life would be attained; this results in an acceptance of exploitation observed in the closing lines 'if all do their duty they need not fear harm.' Interestingly, Blake uses this poem to highlight the dangers of an innocent, naive view, demonstrating how this allows the societal abuse of child labour.