英语词性分类后缀

英语常用词性后缀1. 名词后缀1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物：worker, debtor2)-acy, 表示/性质，状态，境遇/ democracy, accuracy, diplomacy3)-ance, -ence表示/性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度/ importance, diligence, difference, obedience4)-ancy, -ency, 表示/性质，状态，行为，过程/ frequency, urgency, efficiency5)-bility, 表示/动作，性质，状态/ possibility, flexibility, feasibility6)-dom, 表示/等级，领域，状态/ freedom, kingdom, wisdom7)-hood, 表示/资格，身份，年纪，状态/ childhood, manhood, falsehood8)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示/行为的过程，结果，状况/ action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction9)-ism, 表示/制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为/ socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism10)-ity, 表示/性质，状态，程度/ purity, reality, ability, calamity11)-ment, 表示/行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument12)-ness, 表示/性质，状态，程度/ goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness13)-ship, 表示/情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业/ hardship, membership, friendship14)-th, 表示/动作，性质，过程，状态/ depth, wealth, truth, length, growth15)-tude, 表示/性质，状态，程度/ latitude, altitude(海拔)16)-ure, 表示/行为，结果/ exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续)17-grapy, 表示/……学，写法/ biography, calligraphy, geography18)-ic, ics, 表示/……学……法/ logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics19)-ology, 表示/……学……论/biology, zoology, technology(工艺学)20)-nomy, 表示/……学……术/ astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学)2. 形容词后缀1)-able, -ible, visible, flexible2)名词-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish(注意accomplish, vanish)3)-ive, active, sensitive, productive4)-like, manlike, childlike5)名词-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly6)-some, troublesome, handsome7)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful8)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various9)-ent, violent10)-most, foremost, topmost11)-less, 表示否定 countless, stainless, wireless3. 动词后缀1)-ize, ise, 表示/做成，变成，……化/ modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize2)-en, 表示/使成为，引起，使有/ quicken, weaken, soften, harden3)-fy, 表示/使……化，使成/ beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify4)-ish, 表示/使，令/ finish, abolish, diminish, establish5)-ate, 表示/成为……，处理，作用/ separate, operate, indicate4. 副词后缀(形容词)-ly：bad→badly坏地,恶劣地，careful→carefully小心地-wise(OE)：clock→clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地); like→likewise同样地-wards：out→outwards向外面地，north→northwards向北方地

后缀分四种，名词后缀，动词后缀，副词后缀，形容词后缀。 名词后缀：-al（动作）,-ment（动作）,-ion（行为）,-ance（性质）,-ness（性质）,-ant（人）,-ent（人，物）, -ism（主义）,-ist（人）,-ship(身份，资格）。动词后缀：-ate（造成）,-en（使）,-ity（使）,-ize(使...化)。 形容词后缀：-less（无）,-ful（充满）,-able（能够）,-ish（有...的）,-ive（性）,-ly(的，品质)。副词后缀：-ly(地），-ward(s)(向)。

前后缀是英语里面重要的构词法,下面是一些后缀：1．-ster,-eer,-er（or）意为：从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人（person engaged in an occupation or activity）例词：gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor 2．-let意为：小或者不重要的东西（small,unimportant things）例词：booklet,leaflet,starlet 3．-ette意为：1）小的东西（small）例词：cigarette 2）假的东西（imitation）例词：leatherette 3）女性（female）例词：usherette 4．-ess意为：女性（female）例词：actress,poetess,hostess,paintress 5．-hood意为：时期（status；etc．）例词：boyhood,childhood,manhood 6．-ship意为：才能,状态,资格,品质等（skill,state,condition,status,quality）例词：leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship,sportsmanship 7．-ful意为：量（the amount which noun contains）例词：cupful,handful,mouthful,spoonful 8．-tion,-ion意为：1）状态,行动等（state；action；etc．）例词：action,oppression,possession,education,starva- tion 2）机构等（institution；etc．）例词：organization,foundation 9．-ment意为：状态,行动等（state； action；etc．）例词：movement,enslavement,pavement 10．-al意为：动作（action）例词：arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal 11．-age意为：程度,数量等（extent； amount；etc．）例词：wastage,coverage,acreage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage 12．-ness；-ity（ty）意为：状态,品质（state；quality；etc．）例词：happiness,usefulness,selfishness,kindness,rapidity,activity,sanity,changeability 13．-ism意为：道义,主义,学说等（doctrine of,practice of）例词：idealism,impressionism,absenteeism,racism 二、动词后缀 常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下：1．-ify意为：转为,变为（to turn into,to make or become）例词：beautify,diversify,simplify 2．-ize；-en意为：使……,变得……（to make or become ；to make into）例词：modernize,popularize,legalize,hospitalize,symbolize,ripen,widen,heighten,threaten 3．-ate意为：增加,使……（give or add,make or become）例词：originate,hydrogenate,validate,differentiate 三、形容词后缀：常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下：1．-ful意为：充满,有（full of；hav- ing；giving；etc．）例词：useful,pitiful,hopeful,helpful,forgetful,thankful,fearful 2．-less意为：没有,无（without；not giving）例词：speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless 3．-ly意为：有……品质的（having the qualities of）例词：beastly,manly,brotherly,friendly 4．-like意为：像……的（like）例词：childlike,statesmanlike,tiger-like 5．-y；-ish意为：像……一般的（somewhat like）例词：meaty,sandy,silky,hairy,leafy,watery,foolish,girlish,blackish,thinnish 6．-some意为：像……一样的；引起……的；有……品质的（like；causing； having the quality of）例词：troublesome,burdensome,wholesome,tiresome,bothersome 7．-able（ible）意为：能……的；可以……的（able to be ；capable）例词：changeable,readable,drinkable,comfortable,expansible,convincible 8．-ed意为：有……的（having,etc．）例词：wooded,pointed,moneyed,odd-shaped 9．-al意为：有……属性的,……类型的（nature of,typical of）例词：cultural,personal,regional,musical 10．-ary（ory）意为：属于……的,与……相连的（belonging to；connected with）例词：revolutionary,imaginary,contradictory 11．-ous意为：富含……的；有……品质的；像……的（full of；having the quality of；like）例词：glorious,erroneous,malicious,gracious 12．-ic（ical）意为：……类的；属于……的（typical of；belonging to）例词：historic,historical,methodic,methodical,dramatic,heroic 13．-ive意为：有……属性的；有某种倾向的（having the nature or quality of；given or tending to）例词：attractive,talkative,restrictive,defensive,preventive,constructive,sensitive

后缀为ly的大多为 adv，但是lovely、friendly、orderly、lively、elderly、lonely是adj.以able、iable 、al、ical、ant、ary、ful、less、ous、ious、some、y等结尾的是形容词名词大多是以tion、ment结尾的，动词有个习惯用法，以ise为后缀的用作动词，如practice也可以用作practise还有现在分词和过去分词做形容词的，如Swimming pool、reading room，surprised等，现在分词常常被用来形容物，过去分词常常被用来形容人。 以上都是纯手打的